tihmvy  of  Che  Cheolo^icd  ^mimvy 

PRINCETON  •  NEW  JERSEY 


PRESENTED  BY 

Rufus  H.   LeFevre 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2009  with  funding  from 

Princeton  Theological  Seminary  Library 


http://www.archive.org/details/historyofwomansmOOdayt 


Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers.   1875-1879 


Mrs.  Sylvia  Haywood,   1879-188' 


Mrs.  L.  K.   Miller,   1887-1905 


Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford.   1905- 


The  lour  Presidents 

of  the 

Woman's  Missionary  Association 


/ 

HISTORY 


OF 


The  Woman's  Missionary 
Association 


OF  THE 


UNITED  BRETHREN 
IN  CHRIST 


0^0 


'The  Lord  giveth  the  word:  tJie  women  that  publish  the 

tidings  are  a  great  host.'' 

Psalm  6S:11,  Revised  Version. 


000 


DAYTOX.  OHIO 

I'niteJ   Brethren  Pufclishintt  Ilon^ 

1910 


vi  -^  T 


Contents 

The  Beginning 7 

Form  of  Organization 11 

Department  of  Young  Women 12 

Department  of  Children's  Work 13 

The  Woman's  Evangel 14 

Department  of  Literature 16 

Africa 17 

Germany 55 

Portland,  Oregon 58 

China 63 

Philippines 80 

Co-operation 103 

Items  of  Interest 108 

Supplement  to  date Ill 

Officers  and  Woman's  Day  Specials 125 

Chronological  Table 126 

Missionary  Directory 138 

Statistics  of  Foreign  Missions 144 


AR  "^^ 


List  of  Illustrations. 

The  four  Presidents  of  the  Woman's  Missionary  Association Frontispiece 

United  Brethren  Chapel,  Weimar,  Germany 58 

First  United  Brethren  Church,  Portland,  Oregon 58 

Chinese  School,  Portland,  Oregon 58 

Sierra  Leone 

Bethany  Cottage,  Mt.  Leicester 28 

Mission  House.  Taiama 28 

Native  Chapel,  Ronietta 28 

Brick  Yard.  Rotifunk 29 

Manual  Training  Class,  Albert  Academy 29 

Industrial  Exhibit,  Girls'  Home,  Moyamba 29 

Mission  Headquarters.  Freetown 38 

United  Brethren  Church,  Freetown 38 

West  Africa  Conference.  1910 38 

Map  of  Sierra  Leone,  showing  Mission  stations 34 

Albert  Academy,  Freetown 39 

Academy  Students  preaching  among  the  Mendis,  Freetown 39 

First  Graduates  from  Albert  Academy 39 

Martyrs'  Memorial  Church,  Rotifunk 46 

Mission  House,  Rotifunk 46 

Boy's  Home,  Rotifunk 46 

Dispensary.  Rotifunk 46 

Girl's  Home  and  Mission  House,  Moyamba 47 

United  Brethren  Church.  Moyamba 47 

Schoolhouse.  Moyamba    47 

China 

Beth  Eden  Mission  Home.  Canton 68 

Physician's  Residence,  Canton 68 

Interior  of  Street  Chapel,  Siu  Lam 68 

INIap  of  China  United  Brethren  Mission  Stations 69 

China  Mission  Conference 69 

United  Brethren  Sunday  School,  Canton 69 

Elizabeth  K.  Miller  Seminary  for  Girls 74 

First  Graduates  from  the  Seminary 74 

Students  in  Miller  Seminary 74 

Mission  Chapel,  Lak  Lau 75 

Girls'  Day  School,  Siu  Lam 75 

Foundlings  at  Breakfast.  Canton 7.") 


Philippines 

Mission  Headquarters,  San  Fernando 100 

Girls'  Dormitory 100 

First  Mission  Conference,  1908 100 

Igorrote  Congregation,  Tubao 101 

Workers*  Bible  Conference,  San  Fernando "'-01 

Junior  Christian  Endeavor  Society  Cava    101 

Map  of  Union  Province .' ^4 

Japan 

A  Japanese  Pastor  and  Family 1  IS 

United  Brethren  Church,  Kyoto 118 

Japan  Annual  Conference 118 

Map  of  Japan  showing  United  Brethren  Work 116 

Primary  Department,  United  Brethren  Sunday  School,  Kyoto 119 

Porto  Rico 

Porto  Rico  Conference 122 

United  Brethren  Sunday  School,  Ponce 119 

United  Brethren  Church,  Juana  Diaz 122 

Street  Preaching,  Yauco 122 

Map  of  Porto  Rico  showing  United  Brethren  work 120 

Home  Missions 

Map  showing  Home  Mission  Stations 123 

Japanese  Class,  Stockton.  Cal 123 

German  United  Brethren  Sunday  School,  Chicago,  111 123 


HISTORY  OF  THE  WOMAN'S  MISSIONARY 
ASSOCIATION. 


Organization 

The  organization  of  the  Woman's  Missionary  As-  The  B.ginning. 
sociation  first  took  form  in  the  heart  and  mind  of  one 
woman.  Miss  Lizzie  Hoffman  (afterward  Mrs.  Der- 
rickson)  was  burdened  with  the  need  of  a  deeper  conse- 
cration in  her  own  Hfe,  and  the  answer  to  her  prayer  was 
the  question,  "Are  you  wiUing  to  go  to  Africa?"  She 
felt  unqualified  for  this  work,  and  it  became  a  burden 
that  was  almost  unbearable  during  the  year  that  followed. 
One  evening,  taking  her  Bible,  she  w^ent  to  her  room  and 
spent  the  night  in  prayer.  It  was  nearly  dawn  when 
the  burden  rolled  off  and  she  could  say,  "Lord,  use  me  as 
it  seemeth  to  thee  good."  Soon  she  became  impressed 
that  the  women  of  our  Church  should  be  organized  for 
special  work  for  missions.  She  consulted  Rev.  John 
Kemp,  who  at  once  became  interested.  He  visited  the 
most  active  workers  in  F'irst  Church  and  Summit  Street 
Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  prayed  and  planned  until 
he  succeeded  in  calling  a  meeting  for  the  organization 
nf  the  women  of  Miami  Conference. 

Prominent  men  and  women  of  the  two  churches  met   Miami  Branch 
at  Summit  Street  Church,  May  9,  1872.     An  organiza- 
tion was  effected  and  Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers  was  elected 
president.     The  following  preamble  to  the  constitution 
then  adopted  is  of  interest: 


Organized. 


8  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

"Believing  that  the  promulgation  of  the  gospel  of 
Jesus  Christ  throughout  the  world  depends  upon  the 
success  of  Christian  missions,  and  that  the  responsibil- 
ity of  this  success  devolves  upon  all  Christians,  we  there- 
fore do,  in  obedience  to  the  command  of  our  risen  Lord 
and  Savior,  'Go  ye  into  all  the  world  and  preach  the 
gospel  to  every  creature,'  in  convention  assembled  at  the 
United  Brethren  Summit  Street  Church  in  the  city  of 
Dayton,  Ohio,  on  the  9th  day  of  May,  1872,  pursuant  to 
proper  notice  given  through  the  Religious  Telescope, 
hereby,  in  the  name  of  the  divine  Master,  and  moved, 
we  trust,  by  the  Holy  Spirit,  organize  ourselves  into  a 
missionary  association  by  the  adoption  of  the  following 
constitution." 

It  was  expected  at  this  time  that  other  conferences 
would  organize,  but  nothing  was  done. 

A  number  of  Locals  were  organized  in  Miami  Con- 
ference during  the  next  three  years,  and  $328.13  was 
collected.  No  mission  work  was  undertaken,  and  for 
want  of  an  object  all  but  two  of  the  societies  ceased  to 
work,  and  these  two  were  discouraged. 

The   Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
ciety, through  its  Secretary,  Rev.  D.  K.  Flickinger,  made 
the  following   recommendation   to   the  General  Confer- 
ence in  1873: 
Reorganized  by  "Give  thc  womau's  missionary    movement  in  our 

General  Church  3.  favorablc  recognition,  and  encourage  the  or- 

Conference.  ..-...,,,  ,  ^  , 

ganization  of  societies  in  all  the  annual  conterences,  the 
same  to  be  auxiliary  to  the  conference  to  which  they 
belong." 

At  the  same  conference  the  committee  on  missions 
reported,  "Your  committee  are  pleased  to  learn  that 
God  has  put  it  into  the  hearts  of  many  of  the  devoted 


Organizatioii  9 

women  of  the  Church  to  organize  women's  missionary 
associations  in  the  various  annual  conferences;  and  we 
mention  it  to  the  special  credit  of  the  women  of  the 
Miami  Annual  Conference,  that  they  were  the  first  in 
the  whole  denomination,  so  far  as  known,  to  organize 
an  association  and  commence  operations;  therefore 

"Resolved,  That  w^e  commend  their  zeal  and  enter- 
prise in  this  good  work  to  the  favorable  consideration 
of  the  w^omen  of  the  Church  in  all  our  annual  conferences." 

In  September,  1875,  six  women  met  in  First  Church, 
Dayton,  Ohio,  to  consider  the  question  of  issuing  a  call 
for  a  general  meeting.  Some  of  the  timid,  faint-hearted 
ones  felt  that  they  could  not  work  as  the  women  in  other 
denominations  were  doing,  and  if  they  undertook  it  there 
would  be  responsibility  and  they  would  be  sure  to  fail. 
To  each  of  these  Mrs.  Sowers  said:  "Others  cannot  do 
our  w^ork.  If  God  calls,  dare  we  falter?"  All  felt  that 
God  did  call.  Mrs.  Hadley,  recently  returned  from 
Africa,  urged  that  this  work  be  extended  throughout 
the  whole  Church. 

The  Religious  Telescope,  through  a  number  of 
articles,  as  well  as  Rev.  D.  K.  Flickinger,  the  secretary, 
and  Rev.  J.  W.  Hott,  the  treasurer  of  the  Home,  Frontier, 
and  Foreign  Missionary  Society,  urged  that  a  meeting 
be  called  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  general  organiza- 
tion. 

The  Religious  Telescope  of  Septeml)er  29,  1875,  con- 
tained the  follow^ing  call,  signed  by  Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers 
and  Mrs.  W.  H.  Lanthurn :  "For  the  purpose  of  creating 
a  greater  interest  and  zeal  in  the  cause  of  missions,  and 
laboring  more  directly  in  the  work  of  the  divine  Master 
by  bringing  into  more  active  and  efficient  serv'Ice  the 
sisters  of  the  Church,   a  call  is  made  for  a  Woman's 


A  Call  Issued. 


10  The  Woman's  Alissionary  Association 

Missionary  Convention,  to  meet  in  First  Church,  Day- 
ton, Ohio,  October  21,  1875. 

"It  is  desired  that  the  convention  shall  partake  of 
the  nature  of  a  mass  meeting.  We  therefore  invite  all 
persons  interested  in  the  work  to  be  present." 

The  call  was  answered  by  nine  conferences;  Miami, 
Scioto,  Sandusky,  Michigan,  Indiana,  and  Western  Re- 
serve sent  delegates;  Lower  Wabash,  Virginia,  and  Alle- 
gheny were  represented  by  women  living 'in  Dayton, 
whose  husbands  were  members  of  these  conferences. 
Letters'  of  encouragement  were  received  from  delegates 
appointed  by  several  other  conferences  but  who  were  un- 
able to  attend.  Two  days,  October  21  and  22,  1875,  were 
spent  in  faithful,  prayerful  work.  A  constitution  that 
had  been  previously  published  was  discussed,  amended, 
and  adopted,  and  "The  Woman's  Missionary  Associa- 
tion" was  organized  and  the  fT>llowing  officers  elected: 

President,  Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers;  Vice  Presidents,  Mrs. 
Z.  A.  Colestock;  Mrs.  M.  H.  Bridgeman;  Mrs.  S.  Hay- 
wood; Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keister, 
(now  Mrs.  Harford.);  Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  D.  L. 
Rike;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Shuey. 

Miami  Branch  paid  its  money  into  the  general 
association  and  reorganized. 

It  was  decided  to  hold  the  annual  meeting  in  May, 
1876,  at  First  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Mrs.  D.  L.  Rike  presented  a  memorial  to  the  Gen- 
eral Conference  of  1877,  asking  that  the  organization 
of  the  Woman's  Missionary  Association  be  authorized 
by  that  body. 

This  request  was  referred  to  the  committee  on  mis- 
sions, which  included  the  following  item  concerning  the 
Woman's  Missionary  Association  in  its  report: 


Organization  11 

"This  Association  comes  to  us  to  be  recognized  by   ronfe?inc 
the  General  Conference  as    the  helpmeet  of  the  Home.   Action. 
Frontier,  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society.     We  recom- 
mend, therefore,  the  recognition  of  this  relation  by  the 
ratification  of  their  constitution  and   the  confirmation 
of  their  officers." 

At  the  Board  meeting  held  in  1870,  all  felt  that  our 
work  should  be  among  the  women  and  children,  and  it 
was  decided  "that  the  funds  now  in  the  treasury  be  used 
for  the  founding  and  support  of  amission  school  in  Africa." 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  in 
May,  1877,  eighteen  months  after  the  organization,  there 
were  three  Branch  organizations  with  eighteen  Locals. 
and  an  aggregate  membership  of  3,000.  At  the  meeting 
of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  1909,  thirty-two  3^ears  later, 
there  were  thirty-two  conferences  organized,  with  ()2() 
Locals,  92  Young  Women's  Bands,  and  146  Children's 
Bands,  with  a  total  membership  of  20,263. 

Form   of  Organization. 

By  the  terms  of  the  constitution,  the  Association 
is  under  the  direction  of  the  General  Conference  and 
submits  quadrennial  reports  to  that  body.  By  the  action 
of  the  General  Conference  in  1909,  it  works  in  co-operation 
with  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society  and  the  Home  Mis- 
sionary Society  as  given  on  page  105. 

The  organization  includes  a  Board  of  Managers,  a 
Board  of  Trustees,  Annual  Conference  Branch  Societies, 
Local  Societies,  Young  Women's  Bands  with  the  Junior 
Christian  Endeavor  Societies  as  a  field  for  missionary 
training. 

The  Board  of  Managers  which  meets  annually  is 
composed  of  a  Board  of  nine  Trustees,  elected  annually 


12  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

by  the  Board  of  Managers,  Life  Patrons,  three  delegates 
elected  by  each  conference  Branch,  the  Secretary  of  the 
Young  Women's  Department,  the  Department  Secretary 
of  Literature,  and  the  Missionary  Secretary  for  the  Junior 
Christian  Endeavor  Societies. 

The  Trustees  meet  before  the  close  of  the  meeting 
of  the  Board  of  Managers  and  elect  officers.  They  attend 
to  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  the  xVssociation,  and 
meet  at  the  call  of  the  General  Secretary. 

Each  Branch  meets  annually,  and  is  composed  of  the 
officers  of  the  Branch,  Life  Patrons,  Life  Directors,  and 
delegates  elected  by  the  Locals,  Young  Women's  Bands, 
and  Junior  Christian  Endeavor  Societies. 

The  Locals  hold  monthly  meetings  and  quarterly 
business  meetings  in  June,  September,  December,  and 
March. 

Any  woman  may  become  a  member  of  the  Asso- 
ciation by  the  payment  annually  of  $L00  dues. 

Department  of  Young  Women. 
At  the  Board  meeting  held  in  the  college  chapel 
at  Westerville,  Ohio,  in  1883,  a  constitution  was  adopted 
for  Young  Women's  Bands.  Two  Bands  were  organized 
the  following  year  (in  Central  Ohio  Branch),  one  at  Circle- 
ville,  Ohio,  with  six  members  and  the  other  at  Wester- 
ville, Ohio,  with  twenty-three  members.  The  work  among 
the  young  people  increased  so  encouragingly  that  in  1889 
they  were  asked  to  support  two  teachers  in  Africa,  Miss 
Frankie  Williams  and  Miss  Ellen  Groenendyke,  and  also 
contribute  toward  the  support  of  a  teacher  in  China. 
Mrs.  Bertha  Gerlaugh  was  appointed  secretary  and 
treasurer  of  this  special  work  and  later  was  succeeded 
by  Miss  Marie  Shank. 


Organization  13 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Ander-  oJ^anSd"* 
son,  Indiana,  in  1908,  the  work  among  the  young  women 
was  made  a  distinct  department  of  the  Woman's  Mis- 
sionary Association,  the  constitution  amended  and  a 
secretary  for  this  department,  Miss  Justina  Lorenz,  was 
elected.  Ninty-two  Young  Women's  Bands  with  a 
membership  of  2,249  were  reported  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Managers  at  Akron,  O.,  in  1909. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Trustees  in  November,  1909,   Special  Work 

^  Assigned. 

it  was  decided  to  ask  the  Young  Women's  Bands  to  take 
as  their  special  work  the  support  of  the  Ehzabelh  Kumler- 
Miller  Seminary  for  girls,  in  China. 

Department  of  Children  s   Work. 

In  1879  Mrs.  G.  P.  Macklin  gathered  together    the  Gleaners'  Band, 
children  at  Fostoria,  Ohio,  and  organized  a  Gleaner's 
Band.  This  was  our  first  organization  among  the  children. 

By  the  time  of  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers 
in  1895,  seventy-five  bands  were  organized,  and  beginning 
with  August  in  the  same  year,  programs  for  the  monthly 
meetings  of  Gleaners'  Bands  have  been  printed  in  the 
Evangel.  At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers 
in  May,  -1909,  14()  Bands  were  reported,  with  a  mem- 
bership of  4,273. 

The   General    Conference   in    1909   designated    the  junior  c.  e. 
Junior  Christian  Endeavor  Societies  as  a  field  for  culti- 
vation in  missionary  education  and  giving. 

In  November,  1909,  the  Trustees  decided  to  ask  the   Special  Wcrt. 
Juniors  to  pay  their  foreign  missionary  money  toward  the 
support  of   the   Foundling   Home   in   China,   and   their 
home  missionary  money  to  the  work  among  the  German 
boys  and  girls  in  Chicago. 


14  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

The  Woman's  Evangel. 

In  the  early  years  of  the  organization  the  facts  con- 
cerning the  work  and  workers  were  given  to  the  Church 
through  the  columns  of  the  Religious  Telescope  and  the 
Missiop.ary  Visitor.  At  the  meetings  of  the  Board  of 
Managers  in  1S79  and  1880,  the  question  of  a  paper  in 
the  interest  of  the  Association  was  proposed,  but  nothing 
was  done.  The  desire  on  the  part  of  the  workers  for 
such  a  paper  became  so  strong  that  in  1881,  at  Western, 
Iowa,  the  Board  of  Managers  adopted  the  follow^ing 
resolution: 

"That  the  books  be  open  for  voluntary  contribu- 
tions, and  that  when,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Executive 
Committee,  a  sufficient  amount  be  secured,  and  1,000  sub- 
scribers be  obtained,  the  Executive  Committee  be  author- 
ized, in  conjunction  with  a  committee  appointed  by 
this  body,  to  publish  a  paper  or  magazine  in  the  interest 
of  the  W^oman's  Missionary  ^Association  of  the  United 
Brethren   in   Christ." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Trustees,  October  10,  1881, 
"The  Woman's  Evangel"  was  chosen  as  the  name  of  the 
new  magazine. 

Airs.  L.  R.  Harford,  president  of  the  Association, 
who  was  then  the  Corresponding  Secretary,  was  employed 
as  editor  June  15,  1881,  and  continued  in  office  for  eleven 
years.  She  declared  its  purpose  in  her  first  editorial, 
that  inasmuch  as  the  "gospel  has  been  to  women  a  glad 
evangel,  and  because  we  love  much,  do  we  wish  to  make 
our  work — as  the  name  of  the  paper  signifies — an  an- 
nouncement of  glad  tidings  to  some  of  the  five  hundred 
millions  of  women  in  the  degradation  and  ruin  of  false 
religions  and  oppressive  social  customs  of  heathen  nations. 
It  will  be  the  earnest  purpose  of  tliose  who  have  under- 


Organization  15 

taken  the  work  to  make  the  paper  a  power  in  moving 
hearts  to  help  in  the  good  work  of  sending  the  Hght  of 
life  to  women  and  children  who  are  shut  out  from  its 
blessed  influence." 

It  began  as  a  modest  little,  messenger  of  sixteen  First  is 
pages,  January,  1882,  the  subscription  price  being  75 
cents;  in  clubs  of  ten  OU  cents.  The  subscription  price 
was  reduced  four  years  later  to  50  cents.  From  time  to 
time  a  few  more  pages  were  added  and  in  January,  1906, 
it  was  increased  to  a  thirty-two  page  magazine.  One 
thousand  subscribers  were  secured  before  the  first  issue 
was  printed,  and  from  the  beginning  it  has  been  able  to 
pay  all  the  expenses  of  its  publication,  the  salary  of  its 
editor,  as  w^ell  as  make  appropriations  to  the  Literature 
Department  of  the  Association.  It  was  an  important 
factor  in  raising  the  Silver  Anniversary  fund,  which  was 
used  in  opening  the  work  in  the  Philippines. 

The  growth  of  the  subscription  list  has  been  gradual,   Growth, 
as  the  following  table  shows: 

1882—1 ,000 ;  1 897—4,550 ; 

1885—1,201 ;  1900— 4,710; 

ISSS— 2,300;  1903-4,633; 

1891—3,700;  1906—5,158; 

1894—4,500;  •      1909—6,500. 

Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller  wonderfully  enriched  its  pages 
during  the  sixteen  >ears  she  was  associated  with  the 
work.  She  was  associate  editor  from  1888  until  the 
resignation  of  Mrs.  Keister  (Harford)  in  1893,  when  she 
became  the  editor  and  publisher. 

After  the  resignation  of  Mrs.  Miller  in  October,  1904, 
the  Evangel  was  issued  by  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt  and  Mrs. 
Tt.  p.  Macklin  until  November,  1905,  when  Mrs.  Mary 
\l.  Albert  became  its  editor  and  publisher. 


16  The  Women's  Missionary  Association 

Department  of  Liierature. 

The  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meetin;^  in  1906,  ap- 
pointed Mrs.  Mary  R.  Albert,  Mrs.  P.  O.  Rhodes,  and 
Mrs.  H.  A.  Dowling  a  committee  on  literature;  and  at 
the  meeting  a  year  later  the  following  recommendation 
was  adopted : 

"Realizing  the  need  of  information  on  missionary 
work  and  of  the  circulation  of  missionary  literature,  we 
recommend  that  we  establish  in  our  Association  the 
Department    of    Literature." 

Mrs.  Albert  and  Mrs.  Rhodes  were  continued  a  com- 
mittee with  power  to  select  a  third.  Mrs.  G.  P.  Macklin 
was  chosen  as  the  third  member.  During  the  year  this 
committee  worked  out  a  plan  for  this  department,  which 
with  a  few  changes  was  adopted  by  the  Board  at  its 
meeting  in  Anderson,   Indiana,  in  May,  1908. 

The  plan  adopted  provides  for  a  General  Literature 
Committee  and  Branch  and  Local  Secretaries  of  Liter- 
ature. The  General  Literature  Committee,  which  is 
the  head  of  the  department,  is  composed  of  the  Editor 
of  the  Evangel,  the  Department  Secretary,  who  is  elected 
by  the  Board  of  Managers,  and  a  third  member  appointed 
by  the  Trustees.  This  committee  plans  the  work  of  the 
department,  provides  literature  and  helps,  and  through 
the  Branch  and  Local  Secretaries  of  Literature  helps 
to  develop  this  work  in  the  Branches  and  Locals. 

The  General  Literature  Committee  retains  all  funds 
received  from  the  sale  of  literature  for  the  maintenance 
of  the  work. 


AFRICA 

The  first  idea  of  the  Association  was  to  supnort  a   ?c°",V"^. 

^^  the  Missi 

school  near  Shenge,  under  the  control  of  the  ^^'^'^ 
missionaries  of  the  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign 
Missionary  Society ;  but  instead  of  this,  by  the 
advice  of  the  officers  of  the  General  Board  and 
missionaries  then  on  the  field,  it  was  decided  to 
establish  schools  up  the  Bompeh  River,  in  a  thickly  pop- 
ulated territory  that  w^as  calling  for  light,  and  was  with- 
out any  missionary  work.  The  General  Board,  thinking 
it  not  best  to  distribute  their  force  over  so  much  terri- 
tory, urged  the  Association  to  occupy  this  new  ground. 
It  was  agreed  to  support  Miss  Emily  Beeken,  then  under 
appointment.  With  repeated  visits  and  the  supervision 
of  Mr.  Gomer,  the  mission  was  located  at  Rotifunk,  on 
the  Bompeh  River,  about  fifty  miles  east  of  Freetown, 
Miss  Beeken  going  there  late  in  the  autumn  of  1877,  at 
which  time  we  undertook  her  full  support. 

The  pioneer  work  was  difficult,  but  it  was  bravely 
accomplished.  One  with  less  courage  than  Miss 
Beeken,  could  not  have  succeeded  in  establishing  a  mis- 
sion so  far  from  any  civilized  help  or  protection.  The 
head-man  built  a  barra  for  worship,  and  the  Association 
a  mud  house  for  the  missionary  on  a  beautiful  elevated 
site  near  the  town.  Miss  Beeken  established  two 
schools,  and  held  public  services  in  the  surrounding 
towns. 

17 


ission. 


18 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


1879. 


Mission  House 
Built. 


Mission  Land 
Secured. 


She  was  succeeded  at  the  end  of  nineteen  months 
by  Mrs.  M.  M.  Mair,  of  Glasgow,  Scotland.  Mrs. 
Mair  had  had  an  experience  of  twenty-six  years  on  the 
West  Coast  of  Africa,  which  enabled  her  to  endure  the 
climate  better  than  new  missionaries.  She  landed  at 
Freetown,  October  19,  1879,  and  went  to  Rotifunk 
the  following  month.  The  previous  May,  at  the  Board 
meeting,  it  was  agreed  to  send  to  Africa  from  America 
the  material  for  a  good  house,  so  that  our  mis- 
sionaries might  have  a  comfortable  home.  Two  thou- 
sand dollars  were  easily  raised  outside  of  membership 
dues,  and  Mrs.  Mair  superintended  the  construction  of 
the  building,  and  enjoyed  living  in  it,  as  she  so  well  de- 
served. She  was  indefatigable  in  her  labors,  and  her 
influence  over  the  natives  was  wonderful.  She  taught 
them  by  precept  and  example.  She  secured  better 
teachers  for  the  schools,  and  established  two  others. 
She  had  the  confidence  and  co-operation  of  the  chiefs 
and  head-men,  and  such  was  her  influence  over  the 
people  that  she  said  she  had  ibeen  in  but  two  towns 
in  America  where  the  Sabbath  was  so  well  observed. 
Pa  Sourri,  the  head-man  of  Rotifunk,  gave  up  the  use 
of  strong  drinks  and  tobacco,  and  compelled  the  people 
to  desist  from  labor  on  the  Sabbath  day.  Rotifunk 
was  a  station  for  slave  traders  when  our  mission  was 
located  there,  but  before  Mrs.  Mair  came  away  this 
was  broken  up.  A  lease  for  ninety-nine  years  was  se- 
cured for  one  hundred  acres  of  ground  both  at  Roti- 
funk and  Palli,  part  of  which  was  put  under  cultiva- 
tion. In  three  years  and  a  half  our  work  had  grown 
into  a  strong  mission  of  four  stations  with  a  school  at 
each  place. 


Africa  19 

A  conference  was  organized  March  20,  1880,  by 
Rev.  D.  K.  Flickinger,  with  six  members,  Rev.  D.  F. 
Wilberforce  and  Rev.  J.  Gomer,  who  were  already 
members  of  Miami  Conference,  and  four  African  work- 
ers. 

Early  in  1882  word  came  telling  of  the  declining  jggg. 
strength  of  Mrs.  Mair,  and  the  need  for  reinforce- 
ments. The  Board  decided  to  send  a  man  and  his  wife,  as 
the  work  was  too  heavy  for  a  woman  to  carry.  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  R.  N.  West  sailed  from  New  York,  October  2,  1882. 
Mrs.  Mair  remained  a  few"  months  and  in  the  spring  of 
1883  came  to  America,  attended  the  Board  meeting  at 
Westerville,  Ohio,  and  then  returned  to  her  home  in 
Scotland.     She  died  March  9,  1897. 

To  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Wes-  pirst  chapei 
terville,  Ohio,  in  1883  came  the  word  from  Mr.  West  that  fgw!' 
the  number  of  persons  attending  the  public  services  was 
increasing  so  rapidly  that  in  the  rainy  season  no  house  was 
large  enough  to  accomodate  them  and  many  had  to  be 
turned  away.  He  asked  to  be  allowed  to  build  a  chapel. 
The  committee  on  African  work  recommended  the  raising 
of  $2,000,  the  estimated  cost  of  a  suitable  building. 
Cash  and  subscriptions  were  taken  at  once  to  the  amount 
of  $1,100.  The  money  was  all  raised  and  the  chapel  com- 
pleted within  a  year  at  a  cost  of  $1,500,  $500  less  than 
the  estimate.  The  chapel  was  dedicated  February  24, 
1884,  by  Rev.  J.  Gomer,  of  Shenge.  After  the  sermon 
an  invitation  was  given  for  a  free-will  offering  unto  the 
Lord,  and  the  people  responded  by  subscribing  one  hun- 
dred and  sixty  acres  of  land  at  Palli,  five  binkeys  of  rice 
(from  fifty  to  one  hundred  bushels),  one  cow,  one  country 
cloth,  and  thirty-seven  dollars  and  fourteen  cents  in  cash 
subscriptions. 


20 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Work 

Increases 

1884. 


Work  for 
Children. 


In  1884,  Mr.  West  reported  to  the  Board  of  Managers 
that  there  were  then  in  connection  with  the  work  fifty- 
four  regular  preaching  places,  an  increase  of  twenty-three 
during  the  year.  In  these  places  more  than  2,500  persons 
heard  the  word  of  God.  During  the  next  two  years  the 
devotion  and  strength  of  our  missionaries  were  severely 
tested  by  war  and  an  epidemic  of  smallpox;  the  itinerat- 
ing was  interrupted,  but  the  buildings  at  Palli  and  Roti- 
funk  were  unharmed. 

Our  first  and  prominent  work  was  for  the  children. 
As  many  as  could  be  cared  for  were  taken  by  the 
missionaries  and  taught  to  work.  These  children,  with 
the  help  of  a  few  men,  did  the  work  connected  with  the 
mission  and  thus  helped  in  their  own  support.  Large 
farms  were  under  cultivation;  orchards  were  started. 
The  children  were  Christians  —  bright,  earnest  and 
hungry  for  knowledge,  using  every  opportunity  to  gain 
it.     Later   they   became   our   teachers   and    itinerants. 

Fearing  that  Mr.  and  Mrs.  West  might  break  down 
with  the  long  strain  of  the  war,  the  Trustees  thought 
that  they  should  take  a  vacation  before  the 
expiration  of  their  term.  Rev.  Mr.  Gomer  having  agreed 
to  oversee  the  work,  they  sailed  from  Freetown,  February 
4,  1886.  They  returned  to  Africa  in  the  fall  of  the 
same  year,  sailing  September  18th. 

Previous  to  the  Board  meeting  of  1887,  the  question 
of  doing  more  for  the  women  of  Africa  was  discussed  in 
the  Woman's  Evangel.  The  missionaries  had  written 
that  we  must  do  something  for  the  uplifting  of  the 
girls  in  Africa  if  we  expected  to  accomplish  anything 
permanent,  and  they  told  of  the  degradation  of  the 
women  and  how  little  girls  were  sold  as  wives,  and 
whenever   claimed    by   the   purchaser   had    to   go,  and 


Africa  21 

if  in  our  schools,  were  thus  lost  to  our  mission.  It  was 
the  law  of  the  country,  and  we  were  compelled  to  sub- 
mit. By  taking  girls  into  the  mission  home  this  selling 
could  be  prevented;  these  girls  could  be  taught  in  the 
schools  with  the  other  children,  and  out  of  school  hours 
could  be  taught  by  the  missionary  to  sew,  to  cook,  to 
keep  house,  and  thus,  after  a  while,  to  be  Christian 
home-makers. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers,  at  West-   Home  for 

/-    1  1     Tif        •        •  I'll  1       -1  1'  .        Girls  Built 

field,  lUmois,  it  was  decided  to  put  up  a  new  building,  to   i887. 
be  called  the  "Mary  Sowers  Home  for  Girls"  and  to  raise 
S2,000  for  the  purpose.     Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  S.  Sage  were 
appointed  to  go  to  Africa  to  build  the  home  and  take 
charge  of  it. 

They  sailed  September  24,  1887.  The  home  was 
completed  during  the  year. 

Mrs.  Amanda  Smith,  the  noted  colored  evangelist  1889. 
from  the  United  States,  visited  our  station  at  Rotifunk 
in  January,  1889,  and  her  meetings  proved  a  great  bless- 
ing to  the  people. 

An  adobe  house  with  corrugated  iron  roof,  large  Boys'  Home 
enough  to  accomodate  twenty-four  boys,  was  built  at 
Rotifunk  during  1889. 

At  the  Board  meeting  of  1889  Miss  Frances  Williams 
and  Miss  Ellen  Groenendyke  were  appointed.  They 
sailed  October  16,  1889,  and,  after  a  few  weeks  in  Free- 
town, went  to  Rotifunk  and  took  charge  of  the  school. 

The  school  at  Bompeh,  numbering  thirty,  was  in 
charge  of  Mrs.  Thompson,  daughter  of  Bishop  Crowther, 
of  the  Niger  Mission.  A  class  of  seven  full  church  mem- 
bers was  organized  December  22,  1889. 

The  school  at  Palli  was  consolidated  with  the  one 
at  Bompeh,  the  native  pastor  giving  his  whole  time  to 


Built. 


22  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

itinerating  with  excellent  results.  He  preached  in  fifty- 
five  different  towns  and  visited  regularly,  forty-eight  of 
these. 

During  the  year,  Mr.  Sage  and  Mr.  West,  with  the 
older  mission  boys,  made  an  extended  trip  about  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  miles  into  the  interior  to  the  Mendi 
country,  a  large  territory  lying  east  of  the  Sherbro  and 
Temni  countries,  and  the  people  received  them  cordially 
when  they  understood  their  purpose.  They  found  no 
Christian  missions,  but  everywhere  evidence  of  super- 
stition. Every  town,  large  and  small,  had  its  devil  houses. 
1890.  Mr.  Sage  made  another  extended  trip  into  the  same 

country  in  March,  1890,  with  good  results,  people  begging 
him  to  remain  and  repeat  his  message  to  them.  At  the 
meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  1890,  the  early 
occupation  of  this  densely  populated  territory  was  looked 
upon  with  favor. 

In  March,  1890,  Rotifunk  was  visited  by  Mrs.  Mary 
Clement  Leavitt,  the  round-the-world  missionary  of  the 
W.  C.  T.  U.  of  America.  A  W.  C.  T.  U.  organization 
of  thirteen  women  was  formed,  also  a  Loyal  Temperance 
Legion. 
School  The  native  school   building  having  become   unfit 

E^icted^  for  use,  was   replaced   by  a  good  frame   structure.      A 

special  fund  of  $2,000  was  raised  for  the  purpose.  This 
gave  Rotifunk,  our  principal  station,  a  mission  resi- 
dence, chapel,  girls'  home,  boys'  home,  and  school  build- 
ing all  in  good  repair. 

In  church  and  Sunday-school  work  there  was  a  de- 
cided advancement.  The  older  mission  boys  constituted 
an  itinerating  band,  who,  two  by  two,  under  the  direction 
of  Mr.  Sage,  went  to  the  towns  to  read  and  explain  God's 
Word.     More  than  129  towns  were  visited  during  the 


at  Rotifunk. 


Africa  23 

year;  82  of  these  received  regular  visits,  and  in  55 of  them 
there  were  organized  classes. 

During  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  Great  Revival 
in  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1890  special  prayer  was  offered,  and 
at  the  same  time  special  prayer  services  were  held  by  our 
missionaries  in  Africa  for  an  outpouring  of  the  spirit  in 
revival  power.  This  marked  the  beginning  of  the  greatest 
revival  Rotifunk  has  ever  seen,  and  it  continued  four 
weeks.  Rumsellers  broke  their  demijohns  and  poured 
the  liquor  on  the  streets;  native  men  and  women  were 
born  into  the  Kingdom  in  large  numbers.  The  revival 
spread  to  the  surrounding  towns  and  Frankie  Williams 
wrote  home,  "Every  seat  has  become  a  mourner's  bench 
and  nearly  every  soul  a  seeker."  It  was  at  this  time  that 
Pa  Sourri,  the  powerful  chief,  became  a  Christian.  Mrs. 
West,  writing  of  his  conversion,  said:  "It  was  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  conversions  I  ever  witnessed,  one  of  the 
Saul  of  Tarsus  style.  He  had  been  at  the  altar  several 
times  but  we  felt  that  he  did  not  see  himself  a  sinner.  It 
was  all  what  he  was  going  to  do.  We  could  only  pray 
that  God  would  show  him  his  heart.  Our  prayers  were 
answered,  and  he  had  as  real  a  physical  struggle  as  Jacob 
had.  One  whole  night,  alone  in  his  house  he  wrestled 
with  two  powers  or  persons;  he  said,  'One  sought  to  hold 
him,  the  other  to  free  him.'  As  day  dawned  so  desperate 
became  the  struggle  that  in  his  agony  he  sprang  from 
his  bed,  and  knew  nothing  more  until  he  found  himself 
lying  on  the  chapel  floor /re^.  The  subject  of  the  morn- 
ing meeting  was  II.  Cor.  10.  Just  as  Mr.  West  was 
speaking  of  the  weapons  of  our  warfare  being  not  carnal, 
but  mighty  through  God  to  the  pulling  down  of  strong- 
holds, he  rushed  in,  bareheaded,* and  with  an  awful  look 
of  despair;  as  he  reached  the  altar,  he  fell  or  rather  was 


24 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Aid  Society 
Organized. 


Bishop  E.  B. 
Kephart 
visits  the 
Mission 
1891. 


thrown  violently  down  in  such  a  way  that  under  other 
circumstances  he  would  doubtless  have  broken  his  neck, 
as  he  is  ver}^  large  and  heavy  and  eighty  years  of  age. 
During  the  day  it  seemed  that  all  the  wicked  things  he 
had  ever  done  came  up  before  him,  and  though  he  felt 
God  had  forgiven  all,  yet,  as  these  things  came  up  sep- 
arately before  him,  he  would  only  get  relief  by  getting 
down  and  asking  special  forgiveness  for  them." 

An  Aid  Society  composed  of  the  missionaries  and 
native  Christians  was  organized  at  Rotifunk  in  1889, 
and  the  following  year  they  sent  one  of  their  own  men 
into  the  Masimera  country,  the  first  practical  work  in 
self -extension.  After  six  months'  work,  forty-six  regular 
appointm.ents  were  reported,  with  one  organized  seekers' 
class  of  forty  members.  Five  thousand  five  hundred 
and  eighty-one  heard  the  gospel  for  the  first  time. 

On  account  of  the  ill  health  of  Mrs.  Sage,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Sage  returned  to  America  in  October,  1890. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Jacob  Miller  sailed  November  20, 
1890,  and  in  January  took  up  their  residence  in  the  Mary 
Sowers  Home  for  Girls  and  entered  upon  their  work. 

Bishop  Kephart  made  an  official  visit  to  Africa  and 
Germany  and  presided  at  the  annual  conference  held  at 
Rotifunk  January  21-25,  1891. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  West  returned  to  America  in  1891  for 
a  much-needed  rest.  Before  leaving,  Mr.  West  employed 
for  one  year  Alice  Harris,  M.  D.,  of  the  Wesleyan 
Church,  who  by  the  return  of  her  comrades  to  the  home- 
land, was  left  alone  in  Freetown.  The  Trustees  con- 
sidered it  fortunate  that  help  on  the  field  could  be 
secured  to  lighten  the  extra  burdens  of  those  left  in  the 
mission. 


Africa  25 

Marietta  Hatfield,  M.D.,  Miss  Elma  Bittle,  and 
Miss  Ella  Schenck  sailed  from  New  York  September  23, 
1S91. 

Because  of  the  continued  sickness  of  Mr.  Miller, 
and  at  the  unanimous  request  of  the  missionaries.  Miss 
Williams  was  appointed  superintendent. 

At  Bompeh  station  Mrs.  Thompson  worked  hard  Work 
and  also  held  meetings  in  three  other  towns  near  by,  at^Bompeh. 
the  people  striving  to  do  what  they  could  to  help  them- 
selves. They  collected  $24  toward  a  stone  chapel. 
In  1890  Chief  Gbannah  Will  Caulker  gave  to  the  mission 
a  fine  plot  of  ground  for  a  mission  residence.  The  work 
so  increased  that  it  became  necessary  to  employ  a  teacher 
for  the  school  in  order  that  Mrs.  Thompson  might  devote 
her  full  time  to  church  work.  In  April,  1S91,  her 
daughter.  Miss  Florence  Thompson,  was  engaged  to  take 
charge  of  the  school.  In  addition  to  this  work  she  visited 
regularly  four  neighboring  villages,  holding  services  and 
in  two  of  them  conducting  Sunday  schools. 

At  Palli  the  mission  property  consisted  of  one  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  and  a  mission  house  and  chapel  com- 
bined. 

It  had  long  seemed  marvelous  that  in  the  thirty-  ^.^^^  ^^^^^^ 
seven  years  of  our  African  mission,  death  had  not  entered   ^™°rs 

■^  '  ^  Mission 

the  ranks.  The  year  1892  marked  a  new  era  in  our  i^' 
history.  On  July  19,  1892,  Miss  Williams  died  of  malig-  1 
nant  malarial  fever,  and  Miss  Bittle  followed  her  Au- 
gust 7,  from  nervous  shock.  These  two  deaths  and 
the  return  to  America  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Miller  the  same 
fall,  (owing  to  the  illness  of  Mrs.  Miller,)  together  with 
the  sickness  of  other  missionaries,  greatly  hindered  all 
the  work  of  the  mission. 


tissionaries 


26  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

The  ranks  were  strengthened  by  the  return  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  West,  accompanied  by  Rev.  and  Mrs.  I.  N. 
Cain  and  Miss  Lydia  Thomas.  These  five  sailed  from 
New  York  October  1,  1892.  School  was  soon  reopened 
and  all  settled  down  to  earnest  work. 

ig93.  Bishop  Kephart  held  the  conference  in  1893.     Dur- 

ing 1891  the  congregation  at  Palli  so  increased  that  the 
place  of  worship  would  not  accommodate  the  people,  and 
before  the  missionaries  knew  of  their  plans,  the  people  had 
a  chapel  begun  and  a  number  of  pounds  collected  for 
its  erection.  This  chapel,  called  Keister  Chapel,  was 
completed  and  dedicated  April  9,  1893,  by  Bishop  Kep- 
hart. Miss  Groenendyke  returned  to  America  in  the 
spring  on  her  vacation. 

Medical  Work.  Dr.  Hatfield,  who    began  medical  work  soon  after 

her  arrival  on  the  field,  always  felt  that  the  patients 
should  pay,  if  only  a  little,  for  treatment,  and  therefore 
began  to  charge  a  penny  for  consultation  and  the  price 
of  medicine,  if  expensive.  This  experiment  toward 
self-support  in  medical  work  resulted  satisfactorily,  so 
far  as  medicines,  appliances,  and  assistants  were  con- 
cerned. All  expenses,  excepting  physician's  salary  were 
paid  out  of  the  fees  received.  Some  patients  paid  by  the 
month.  Ten  shillings  insured  daily  treatment  and 
oversight. 

1894.  In  February,  1894,  Mr.  West  and  Mr.  Cain  made  a 

journey  into  the  Mendi  country.  After  about  a  week 
of  their  journey,  Mr.  West  was  taken  sick  and  Mr. 
Cain,  taking  one  of  the  interpreters,  went  on  without 
him.  Mr.  West  grew  worse  and  sent  a  messenger  to 
Mr.  Cain,  who  returned  immediately  to  take  him  home. 
The  trip  was  profitable,  though  no  location  was  chosen. 


Africa  27 

In  1894  the  mission  house  was  enlarged.  The  trus- 
tees decided  that  Mr.  Cain  should  assume  charge  of  the 
Bompeh  mission  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  West  should  open 
the  Mendi  work.  Scarcely  had  the  transfer  been  made 
when  Mr.  West  became  sick  and  died  on  September  22, 
the  twelfth  anniversary  of  his  consecration  to  missionary 
work.  He  was  buried  near  the  chapel  at  Rotifunk, 
where  he  had  labored  so  faithfully  and  with  such  abund- 
ant success,  and  a  tablet  marked  to  his  memory  was 
placed  in  the  chapel. 

Miss  Florence  Cronise  and  Miss  Minnie  E.  Eaton 
in  company  with  the  missionaries  sent  out  by  the  Gen- 
eral Board,  and  Bishop  Hott  and  wife,  sailed  for  Africa 
November  27,  1894. 

Mrs.  West,  Miss  Schenck,  and  Miss  Thomas  re- 
turned to  America  on  furlough  in  December,  1894. 

An    industrial    building   was   erected    at    Rotifunk  industrial 
during  the  year  at  a  cost  of  $800;  also  a  boat-house  for  Erected^ 
the  protection  of  the  boats  in  the  rainy  season,  at  a  cost 
of  $600.     A  Y.  P.  C.  U.  was  organized  at  Rotifunk. 

At  Bompeh  the  people  built  a  barra  for  a  school- 
room and  a  good  stone  chapel  with  corrugated  iron  roof, 
worth  about  $500.  This  chapel  was  dedicated  by  Bishop 
Hott,  January  20,  1895,  who  held  the  conference  that 
year  and  visited  some  of  our  mission  stations. 

Dr.  Hatfield  returned  to  America  in  the  fall  of  1895  isas. 
for  rest,  after  a  service  of  four  years.     Dr.  Mary  Archer 
sailed  for  the  field   December  7,  1895. 

The  close  of  the  year  1895  saw  the  beginning  of.the 
construction  of  a  railroad  from  Freetown  into  the  inte- 
rior. 

At  Rokon,  in  the  Masimera  country,  where  work  had 
been  carried  on  for  five  years,  the  chief,  by  advice  of  the 


28  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

English  governor,  gave  the  mission  a  deed  for  ten  acres 
of  ground  for  a  consideration  of  five  pounds.  Rokon  is 
situated  on  a  large  river,  has  a  wharf,  and  many  advan- 
tages. The  ground  was  cleared  and  a  mission  house 
built. 

1896.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  A.  McGrew  sailed  from  New  York, 
March  28,  1896.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cain  returned  to 
America  for  a  much  needed  rest  early  in  the  same  sum- 
mer, and  Mr.  McGrew  had  charge  of  the   mission. 

A  school  was  opened  at  Kwellu,  about -half  way  be- 
tween Moyamba  and   Taiama,  and  a  deed  secured  for 
twenty  acres  of  ground. 
Cottage'  Realizing  the  need  of  some  place  for  recuperation  for 

^"*^*'  the  missionaries,   the  Board  of  Managers  recommended 

the  building  of  a  rest  cottage  in  conjunction  w^ith  the 
General  Board,  on  Mt.  Leicester  just  south  of  Freetown. 
Two  acres  of  ground,  1,550  feet  above  sea  level,  w^ere 
leased  from  the  government  until  such  time  as  the  land 
shall  be  needed,  six  months'  notice  having  been  given; 
if  within  twenty  years,  remuneration  shall  be  made  for 
the  buildings  at  surveyor's  estimate.  Either  side  may 
cancel  lease,  giving  six  months'  notice.  The  house  is 
twenty-six  feet  wide  by  fifty  feet  long.  It  contains 
eight  rooms,  and  by  means  of  folding  doors  and 
swinging  windows,  the  four  front  rooms  may  be  changed 
into  a  piazza,  ten  feet  wide  by  fifty  feet  long.  The  corner- 
stone was  laid  by  Bishop  Mills  November  4,  1896.     The 

1897.  house  was  completed  early  in  1897  at  a  cost  of  $1,000  to 
each  Board,  and  was  named  Bethany  Cottage.  Bishop 
Mills  held  the  conference  in  January,  1897,  and  in  com- 
pany with  the  superintendent,  visited  the  stations  and 
also  made  a  trip  into  the  Mendi  country. 


Mission  House,  Taiama 


Bethany  Cottage,  Mt.  Leicester 


Native  Chapel,  Ronietta 


Brick  Yard,  Rotifunk 


Manual  Training  Class, 
Albert  Academy 


Africa  29 

On  October  2, 1897,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cain,  Dr.  Marietta 
Hatfield,  and  Miss  Ella  Schenck  returned  to  Africa  ac- 
companied by  Mr.  Arthur  Ward,  newly  appointed. 

The  experiment  of  boring  for  water  after  many  dif-  Brick  Making, 
ficulties,  was  successful,  and  resulted  in  a  well  sixty  feet 
deep,  with  a  windmill  for  pumping.  A  kiln  of  twenty 
thousand  brick  was  burned,  the  boys  doing  all  the 
molding.  These  were  used  in  building  kitchens  to  the 
boys'  and  girls'  homes,  steps  to  the  school  building  and 
mission  house,  and  pillars  under  the  rice  and  storehouse. 
Application  was  made  by  the  English  government  for 
our  boys  to  make  the  brick  for  the  new  barracks  at 
Kwellu. 

At  Taiama,  where  a  school  had  been  opened  the  year 
before,  a  deed  was  secured  for  one  hundred  and  twenty 
acres  of  land.  A  mission  house  was  built  and  the  chief 
built  a  barra  for  church  and  school  purposes. 

Upon  the  return  of  Mr.  Cain,  our  superintendent,  work  Begun 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  McGrew  and     Dr.  Hatfield  located  at  "'  '^*^""'- 
Taiama  and  began  the  building  of  an  American  house. 
The  foundation  was  completed,  but  the  work  was  greatly 
hindered  by  trouble  about  taxation  between  the  native 
chiefs  and  the  English   government. 

May  10,  1898,  Minnie  E.  Eaton  and  Florence  M.   i898. 
Cronise  returned  to  America  on  furlough  after  faithful 
service  of  three  and  a  half  years. 

Rumors  were  heard  from  time  to  time  concerning 
unrest  among  the  native  people,  because  of  the  fancied 
encroachment  of  the  English  government  upon  their 
rights,  but  no  general  uprising  was  feared. 

A  hut-tax  had  been  imposed  upon  the  people  for  uprising 
the  purpose  of  public  improvement  in  the  protectorate,  Massacre 
but  was  misinterpreted  by  the  people  to  mean  ownership  °      issionanes. 


30  The  ^^^oman's  Missionary  Association 

of  their  homes,  and  proved  the  occasion  for  a  general 
uprising,  in  which  all  of  our  missionaries  save  one,  gave 
up  their  lives,  and  almost  our  entire  mission  plant 
was  destroyed.  Just  at  the  close  of  our  fiscal  year  in 
May,  1898,  came  the  intelligence  of  the  massacre  of 
five  of  our  missionaries  at  Rotifunk  on  May  3 — Rev. 
and  Mrs.  I.  N.  Cain,  Dr.  Marietta  Hatfield,  Dr.  Mary 
C.  Archer,  and  Miss  Ella  M.  Schenck. 

They  had  been  apprised  of  the  danger,  but  were 
unable  to  secure  boatmen  or  hammock  men  to  take  them 
away.  Dr.  Hatfield,  being  sick,  could  not  walk  far. 
The  mission  children  had  been  sent  to  their  homes  and 
the  missionaries  hid  in  the  bush  overnight,  and  early  in 
the  morning  attempted  to  get  away.  Dr.  Hatfield  being 
carried  on  the  back  of  one  of  the  boys;  but  they  were 
overtaken  by  the  war  party,  carried  back  and  killed  in 
front  of  the  mission  grounds  at  Rotifunk.  The  bones 
of  these  were  gathered  by  English  officers,  put  into  one 
box  and  later  were  interred  in  the  cemetery  at  Rotifunk. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  McGrew  had  attempted  to  escape  to 
Kwellu,  but  were  captured,  detained  as  prisoners,  and 
on  May  9,  were  taken  in  a  canoe  out  to  an  island  in  the 
Taia  River,  opposite  Taiama  where  they  were  beheaded. 
The  bodies  were  thrown  into  the  river  and  were  never 
found. 
Native  Workers  Many  of  our  faithful  native  workers  also  met  death 

at  the  hands  of  the  war  boys.  Those  who  escaped,  made 
their  way  to  Freetown.  Mr.  Arthur  Ward,  having  been 
in  Freetown  on  business  at  the  time,  was  the  sole  sur- 
viving missionary.  He  desired  to  remain  and  learn  for 
himself  of  the  terrible  massacre  and  devastation  wrought 
by  the  war,  but  was  advised  by  the  government  to  re- 
turn to  America,  so  left  Freetown,  May  5,  1898. 


Give  up  Lives. 


Africa  31 

Most  of  the  property  of  the  General  Board  was  de- 
stroyed, but,  being  on  the  coast,  their  missionaries  escaped 
by  boat  to  Freetown. 

Reconstruction. 

Though  paralyzed  at  first,  both  Boards  soon  felt 
that  the  work  must  go  on.  It  was  not  known  whether 
any  missionary  would  be  safe  outside  of  Freetown,  and 
realizing  that  the  beginnings  would  have  to  be  slow, 
arrangements  were  made  for  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King, 
who  were  to  go  out  for  the  General  Board,  to  give  one- 
half  of  their  time  to  the  work  of  the  Woman's  Missionary 
Association.  They  sailed  September  10,  1898,  made 
Freetown  headquarters  and  began  the  work  of  recon- 
struction. 

With  the  exception  of  Bethany  Cottage,  the  chapels  Property 
at  Bompeh  and  Palli  and  the  mission  house  at  Rokon,  ^^'^'"^y*'^- 
the  mission  buildings  had  all  been  destroyed.     All  records 
and  rolls  of  membership  were  gone  and  the  members 
were  scattered. 

During  the  months  following  the  uprising,  when  the 
advisability  of  continuing  work  in  Africa  was  being 
weighed  by  the  Boards  at  home,  nine  of  the  native  work- 
ers without  any  compensation  or  direction  from  the 
Boards,  gathered  the  members  together,  itinerated  reg- 
ularly in  sixty-two  towns,  held  religious  services  and 
carried  on  the  school  work  wherever  possible. 

Everywhere  were  found  the  good  fruits  of  the  mis-  Fruits  of 
sion.     The  railroad  engineers  spoke  highly  of  the  re- 
sults of  the  mission  work  in  training  young  men,  many 
of  them  being  employed  by  the  English  government  to 
fill  responsible  positions. 


32 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Work  Re- 
organized. 
1899. 


Devotion  of 

Converts. 


1901. 


While  alone  in  the  field  for  a  year,  Dr.  and  Mrs. 
J.  R.  King  were  able  to  accomplish  a  great  deal  in  gather- 
ing the  forces,  determining  new  policies  for  the  future, 
and  preparing  the  field  for  new  workers.  Bishop  E.  B. 
Kephart,  accompanied  by  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  E.  Todd 
and  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  A.  King,  sailed  November  15, 1899. 
Bishop  Kephart  presided  over  the  conference  of  1900. 

In  writing  to  the  home  church  he  paid  the  following 
tribute  to  the  converts:  "The  spirit  and  devotion  man- 
ifested upon  the  part  of  the  young  men  and  women  who 
were  educated  and  trained  and  converted  in  our  schools 
in  Africa,  when,  in  a  sense  they  were  thrown  on  their 
own  responsibility  at  the  time  of  the  uprising,  was  surely 
equal  to  that  manifested  by  the  disciples  after  the  death 
of  our  blessed  Lord.  It  has  demonstrated  the  fact  that 
the  native  convert  can  be  relied  on  under  the  most  criti- 
cal circumstances.  Many  of  these  converts  have  left 
good  lucrative  positions  to  serve  the  Church  and  Christ 
at  a  greatly  reduced  compensation." 

After  a  trying  term,  during  which  the  work  was  re- 
organized, Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King  returned  to  America 
in  the  spring  of  1901,  for  a  much  needed  rest,  leaving 
Mr.  Todd  as  acting  superintendent. 


1902. 


Co-operation. 
Since  the  territory  operated  by  the  two  Boards  in 
Sierra  Leone  was  so  overlapping,  and  the  work  of  Dr. 
King  as  joint  superintendent  for  one  term  had  been  sat- 
isfactory, it  was  strongly  felt  by  some  of  the  workers  at 
home,  as  well  as  by  the  missionaries  on  the  field,  that  the 
work  should  be  unified  by  some  plan  of  permanent  co-op- 
eration, or  that  one  of  the  two  Boards  should  take  over 
all  the  work. 


Africa  oo 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  1902,  Propositions 
two  propositions  were  presented  by  the  General  Board, 
one  to  consider  co-operation  and  the  other  that  the 
Woman's  Missionary  Association  take  over  their  part  of 
the  work  in  Sierra  Leone.  The  Woman's  Board  recom- 
mended that  a  committee  of  five,  two  from  each  Board 
and  a  fifth  to  be  chosen  by  the  four,  be  appointed  to  con- 
sider these  propositions,  and  that  this  committee  be 
continued  during  the  year,  and  after  giving  the  matter 
careful  consideration,  report  to  the  Trustees  and  to  the 
Board  of  Managers  at  their  next  meeting. 

The  committee  chosen  on  co-operation  composed  of 
Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford  and  Mrs.  D.  L.  Llike  representing  the 
Association,  Dr.  W.  M.  Bell'and  Dr.  W.  R.  Funk,  of  the 
General  Board,  and  Bishop  Mills  as  the  fifth  member,  met 
September  22-23,  1902.  After  full  conference  it  v/as  voted : 

1.  That  we  continue  joint  headquarters  in  Free-   Plan  of 

Cooperation 

town,  details  for  the  lease  or  purchase,  ownership   and  Agreed  Upon, 
management  to  be  determined  by  both  Boards. 

2.  That  there  be  a  joint  superintendent  elected 
and  supported  by  both  Boards,  with  residence  in  Free- 
town. 

3.  That  a  uniform  schedule  of  salaries  be  estab- 
lished for  all  missionaries,  American  and  native,  of  both 
Boards. 

4.  That  the  higher  educational  work  of  the  whole 
field  be  left  for  future  consideration,  as  the  need  may  de- 
mand. 

5.  That,  aside  from  the  items  mentioned,  each 
Board  shall  have  control  and  responsibility  as  hereto- 
fore. 


FRE  NCH       ^f-' 
G  U  I  M  E  A 


LIBERIA 


34 


Africa  35 

6.  That  a  committee  of  two  members  from  each 
Board  be  empowered  to  carry  out  the  details  of  this 
agreement. 

This  was  ratified  by  the  Trustees.  Dr.  J.  R.  King 
was  appointed  superintendent  and  he  and  Mrs.  King 
sailed  November  12,  1902. 

Freetown. 

Upon  the  arrival  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King  in  the  Work  at 
fall  of  1898,  headquarters  were  rented  in  Freetown  and  opened.^'^  ^^^ 
some  evangelistic  work  was  opened  among  the  Mendis 
for  whom  nothing  was  being  done.  Open-air  meetings 
were  held  at  three  places;  later  these  were  increased  to 
fifteen  and  still  later  to  twenty-five.  The  work  was  well 
organized,  and  carried  on  mainly  by  native  workers,  and 
later  by  the  student  body  of  Albert  Academy.  Meetings 
are  held  regularly  every  Sunday  morning,  the  message 
being  given  in  their  own  language  to  hundreds  of  the 
natives  each  time.  This  has  also  been  a  means  of  train- 
ing for  the  native  worker. 

Realizing  the  need  for  a  church  home,  a  lease  for  church 
twenty-five  years,  at  $30  per  year,  with  option  of  purchase,  i905. 
was  secured  upon  Ebo  Church,  on  Regent  Road.  It  is 
a  good  stone  building  30x50  feet,  on  a  lot  100x100  feet, 
in  a  very  desirable  location.  The  church  was  repaired 
and  was  dedicated  during  the  conference  of  1905  and 
an  organization  effected  at  that  time. 

A  Board  of  Trustees  was  appointed,  consisting  of 
Bishop  J.  S.  Mills,  Dr.  W.  M.  Bell  and  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt, 
and  their  successors,  to  hold  property  jointly  in  Free- 
town in  trust  for  the  missionary  societies. 

Later  the  vacant  lot,  50x75  feet,  adjoining  the 
church  was  purchased  for  $875. 


36 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Albert  Academy. 


Mr.  Leininger's 
Gift. 


Lot  Secured. 


Plans  were  early  begun  for  establishing  a  training 
school  under  the  joint  control  of  the  two  Mission  Boards. 
In  1903,  the  Mission  Council  in  Sierra  Leone  decided 
upon  Freetown  as  the  most  suitable  location  for  the 
school.  This  decision  was  accepted  by  the  Mission 
Boards. 

Rev.  R.  P  Dougherty,  who  had  been  secured  as  prin- 
cipal of  the  school,  sailed  June  1,  1904,  and  on  October  4, 
the  school  was  started  in  a  rented  building  on  East  Street 
with  an  enrollment  of  five  students. 

The  same  year,  shortly  after  the  opening  of  the 
school,  the  General  Board  reported  a  gift  received  from 
Mr.  Ralph  Leininger,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  of  $5,000  toward 
the  erection  of  a  building  to  be  named  "Albert  Academy," 
in  memory  of  his  cousin.  Rev.  Ira  E.  Albert,  a  missionary 
under  the  General  Board,  who  died  in  Africa,  November 
6,  1902.  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association  agreed 
to  give  $5,000  to  offset  this  gift.  That  the  Academy 
might  be  established  on  a  $20,000  basis  each  Board  agreed 
to  raise  an  additional  $5,000,  this  second  $10,000  to  be 
used  as  an  endowment  fund.  The  $5,000  toward  this 
endowment  was  completed  in  the  spring  of  1906. 

A  very  desirable  location  for  the  school  was  se- 
cured, consisting  of  five  acres  near  Circular  Road  on 
the  direct  route  to  Mt.  Leicester,  at  a  cost  of  $2,000. 

Mr.  Leininger  enlarged  the  original  plans,  agreeing 
to  assume  the  additional  expense.  Later,  when,  on 
account  of  the  panic  of  1907,  he  was  unable  to  meet  it, 
the  Foreign  Missionary  Society  agreed  that  his  gift, 
which  amounted  to  about  $7,000,  should  be  considered  as 
to  the  Church  and  that  they  would  raise  the  amount 
still  needed. 


Africa  37 

The  building  was  begun  in  September,  1906.  January   comer-stone 
14,  1907,  the  corner-stone  was  laid  by  His  Excellency,   ^^^^' 
G.  B.  Haddon-Smith,  acting  governor  of  Sierra  Leone. 

It  is  an  imposing  cement  block  structure  100  feet  Academy 
long  and  40  feet  wide,  three  stories  high.  The  larger  ^"'^'^'"2- 
portion  of  the  building  is  used  for  school  purposes  while 
at  one  end  are  the  resident  quarters  of  the  missionaries 
in  charge.  On  the  first  floor  of  the  school  portion  are 
the  main  assembly  room  and  a  large  class-room.  On  the 
second  floor  are  the  office  and  library,  the  study  room, 
three  lecture  rooms,  the  science  laboratory,  and  a  resident 
tutor's  room.  The  third  floor  throughout  the  whole 
building  contains  dormitories  for  students  and  resident 
tutors.  In  the  basement  are  the  students'  dining-room, 
the  manual-training  shop  and  storerooms.  Grounds. 

The  grounds  are  beautifully  wooded  and  aff^ord 
ample  opportunity  for  outdoor  industrial  work.  A  fine 
cement-block  fence  partly  encloses  the  campus.  The 
approximate  value  of  building  and  grounds  is  S20,000. 

On  January  11,  1908,  the  new  building  was  dedicated   Dedication, 
by  Dr.  W.  R.  Funk,  and  on  January  13,  the  first  grad- 
uating exercises  of  the  Academy  were  held,  when  five 
young  men  received  their  diplomas. 

A  greater  teaching  force  being  needed,  Mr.  E.  M. 
Hursh  went  out  in  the  fall  of  1905  and  became  vice- 
principal.  He  had  charge  of  the  school  from  July,  1906,  to 
June,  1907,  during  Mr.  Dougherty's  absence  from  the  field. 
Rev.  H.  D.  Southard  went  out  in  the  spring  of  1906  and 
assisted  in  the  academy  until  the  conference  of  1907. 

The  academy  has  been  rapidly  growing  from  year  Rapid  Growth. 
to  year.     In  1905  the  enrollment   was  forty-six  and  in 
1906  it  was  eighty-nine,  in  1907  it  was  138  and  in  190S 
it  was  173. 


38 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Cours&s  mi 
Study. 


Itinerant's 
League. 


Mission 

Headquarters 

Erected. 


Three  courses  of  study  are  provided — Biblical, 
Normal  and  Scientific,  extending  over  four  years.  The 
paramount  object  of  the  Academy  is  to  educate  young 
men  for  mission  work.  Provision  is  made  for  thorough 
religious,  literary  and  physical  training.  It  aims  to 
give  such  a  comprehensive  preparation  to  each  student 
that,  whether  he  goes  out  as  a  preacher,  teacher,  pro- 
fessional man,  or  tradesman,  he  will  be  a  factor  in  the 
extension  of  Christ's  kingdom  in  Africa.  Its  doors  are 
wide  open  to  all  young  men  seeking  general  academic 
training  along  practical  lines. 

±\n  "Itinerants'  League"  was  organized  in  1907. 
Its  object  is  to  promote  grace  and  Christian  fellowship 
among  its  members;  to  aid  them  in  practical  Christian 
service,  and  especially  to  carry  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ 
to  the  untaught  native  people  of  Freetown.  Meetings 
are  held  at  the  academy  every  Saturday  evening,  pre- 
paratory to  the  meetings  to  be  held  on  Sunday.  Reports 
are  received  and  the  work  outlined;  the  needs  are  dis- 
cussed and  suggestions  made.  Thus  the  work  is  system- 
atically and  definitely  directed  and  the  league  impresses 
the  students  with  the  responsibilities  and  calls  of  the 
work. 

The  inconvenience  of  frequent  removals  and  the 
difficulties  in  obtaining  suitable  quarters  made  it  imper- 
ative that  a  missionary  home  should  be  secured.  In 
the  spring  of  1907  it  was  agreed  by  both  Boards  that 
fees  accruing  from  the  American  consul  work  which  Dr. 
King  and  Mr.  Dougherty  were  doing  during  the  absence 
of  the  Consul,  should  be  used  to  purchase  ground.  They 
also  authorized  the  erection  of  a  house  to  cost  $5,000, 
this  amount  to  be  borne  equally  by  both  Boards.  A 
valuable  site  was  secured  on  Gloucester,  one  of  the  prin- 


Mission  Headquarters.  Freetown 


United  Brethren  Church.  Freetown 


West  Africa  Conference.    I'MO 


Albert  Academy,  Freetown 


^ 

no 

n 

First  Graduates  from 
Albert  Academy 


Academy  Students  Preaching  Among 
Mendis,  Freetown 


Africa  39 

cipal  streets  of  the  city,  and  next  door  to  the  postoffice 
for  $2,250.  Ground  was  broken  for  the  building  in  Jan- 
uary, 1908,  and  the  work  was  pushed  v/ith  but  Httle  ces- 
sation, so  that  it  was  ready  for  the  missionaries  by  the 
first  of  November,  Dr.  King  having  offered  to  stay  a 
year  over  his  term  in  order  to  complete  it.  It  is  a  three 
story  structure  of  concrete  block  and  is  much  appreciated 
by  all  our  missionaries,  as  it  gives  our  superintendent  and 
his  wife  better  facilities  for  conducting  their  work  and 
also  furnishes  a  comfortable  home  for  our  other  mission- 
aries when  in  Freetown.  There  is  ample  office  room  for 
committees  and  council  and  conference  meetings.  The 
store  and  packing  rooms  are  of  great  value,  as  all  the 
supplies  for  all  our  other  stations  are  delivered  to  head- 
quarters and  repacked  in  suitable  boxes  before  shipping. 
The  total  cost  of  the  ground  and  building  was  $7,800. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Reibel  sailed  for  the  field 
September  30,  1903.  Soon  after  their  arrival  in  Free- 
town, Mrs.  Reibel  took  sick  and  died  December  10,  1903, 
and  was  buried  in  Kissey  cemetery,  Freetown. 

Miss  Mary  Lambert  went  to  Africa  in  the  fall  of  1907, 
at  her  own  expense  as  a  self-supporting  missionary  and 
was  married  to  Mr.  Hursh,  December  19,  1907.  They 
took  their  regular  furlough  in  the  spring  of  1908. 

Late  in  1907  the  mission  was  favored  with  the  depu-  Deputation 
tation  visit  of  Dr.  W.  R.  Funk,  and  Mr.  J.  W.  Ruth  of  ^^'^*'  ^^'^^'^• 
Scottdale,  Pa.  The  seven  weeks  which  they  spent 
on  the  field  w^ere  employed  to  the  fullest  extent  possible; 
the  stations  were  visited,  and  their  presence  and  practical 
experience  were  an  inspiration  and  an  uplift  to  all  the 
missionaries.  Dr.  Funk  presided  over  the  annual  con- 
ference which  convened  January  S,  1908,  and  dedicated 
the  Albert  Academy  January  11. 


40 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Dr.  J.  R.  King  has  continued  as  superintendent, 
Mr.  C.  W.  Snyder  and  Mr.  E.  M.  Hursh  acting  during 
his  furloughs  in  1905  and  1909. 


Town 
Rebuilt. 


Boys'  Home 
Reopened. 


Rotifunk. 

Some  time  after  the  uprising,  the  governor  gave 
orders  that  Rotifunk  should  be  rebuilt,  and  this  was 
slowly  accomplished  with  larger  and  better  houses.  The 
railroad,  which  had  been  projected  from  Freetown  into 
the  interior,  passes  through  Rotifunk,  and  the  station 
is  located  on  the  mission  grounds.  Soon  a  postofifice  was 
established,  and  telegraph  service  was  in  operation. 
A  deed  was  secured  for  the  one  hundred  acres  of  ground. 
The  mission  house,  36x26  feet  with  a  kitchen  20x12  feet, 
was  rebuilt  on  the  same  site  as  the  one  destroyed,  and 
for  a  time  served  as  a  missionary  residence  and  boys' 
home. 

The  work  here  took  on  new  life  with  the  coming  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Todd  early  in  1900.  The  industrial  build- 
ing was  rebuilt;  the  first  floor  was  used  as  a  workshop 
and  the  second  for  church  and  school  purposes.  The 
boys  were  gathered  into  the  home  and  a  day  school 
started. 

Miss  Ellen  Groenendyke  with  her  experience  of  one 
term  on  the  field,  and  Dr.  Zenora  Griggs,  whose  medical 
work  would  be  not  only  helpful  to  the  natives  but  a  real 
blessing  to  the  missionaries,  sailed  October  2,  1900.  Miss 
Groenendyke  was  made  evangelist  and  su'perintendent 
of  schools  of  the  district. 

The  conference  of  1901  sent  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Todd  to 
another  station  and  for  eight  months  Miss  Groenendyke 
was  in  charge  of  the  work  at  Rotifunk.  She  served  as 
pastor,    did    Sunday-school    work    and    house-to-house 


Africa  41 

visitation,  in  addition  to  having  the  general  oversight  of 
the  schools  of  the  district. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Walter  S.  Richards  sailed  February 
20,  1901.     Mr.  Richards  took  charge  of  the  school. 

During  the  year  the  boys'   home  was  built  from   church 
brick   made   by  the  mission  boys.     The  church  was  re-  Reorganized, 
organized  with  sixty-one  members. 

The  return  to  America  of  Miss  Groenendyke  in  the 
spring  of  1902,  and  later  in  the  year  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Richards,  because  of  the  ill  health  of  Mrs.  Richards,  left 
Dr.  Griggs  in  charge  of  the  station,  and  Miss  Rilla 
Akin,  who  sailed  October  15,  1902,  in  charge  of  the 
school. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Clayton  Judy  sailed  for  the  field  Bishop  j.  s.  Miih 
September  30,  1903.  Late  in  1903  Bishop  J.  S.  Mills  ^'''''  ^^'^^• 
made  his  quadrennial  visit.  He  helped  greatly,  not 
only  by  the  Bible  school  which  he  conducted  and  in  pre- 
siding over  the  annual  conference  which  was  held  at 
Rotifunk,  but  also  by  his  visitation  to  nearly  all  the 
stations,  where  his  preaching  was  very  practical  and 
his  presence  inspiring. 

In  1900  the  natives  started  a  subscription  to  rebuild  Martyrs 
the  chapel,  and  promised  to  pay  for  it  in  money  or  labor,  church. 
They  were  encouraged  in  this,  for  it  was  felt  that  a  church 
which  they  had  helped  to  build  would  mean  more  to  them. 
Later  it  was  decided  that  it  should  be  a  memorial  church, 
in  memory  of  the  missionaries  massacred  in  1898.  It 
is  a  strong  stone  structure.  The  auditorium  is  40x33 
feet;  Sunday-school  room  24x23  feet.  The  church  cost 
$4,300;  of  this  amount  S2,370  was  collected  on  the  field. 
On  the  front  wall  of  the  auditorium  were  placed  three 
beautiful  granite  tablets;  the  central  one  in  memory  of 
the  martyrs;  to  the  right,  one  in  memory  of  Rev.  R.  N. 


42  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

West ;  to  the  left,  one  in  memory  of  Miss  Frances  Williams 
and  Miss  Elma  Bittle. 

There  are  two  large  cathedral  glass  windows,  one 
presented  in  memory  of  the  paramount  chief,  J.  C.  B. 
Caulker;  the  other  was  the  gift  of  the  missionaries  in 
memory  of  those  who  suffered  death  in  1898. 

On  the  outside,  directly  under  the  large  front  window 
a  grey  stone  is  set  in  the  wall,  marked  as  follows: 
In  Memory  of  the 
Martyrs  of  1898, 
United  Brethren  in  Christ. 
W.  M.  A.  1902. 
The  dedicatory  services  were  held  October  9,  1904, 
the  Governor  being  present. 

Miss  Rilla  Akin  took  her  furlough  in  the  spring  of 
1905.  Mr.  Riebel  supplied  in  the  school  for  a  time,  but 
was  invalided  home  that  summer.  His  sister,  Mrs. 
Judy,  followed  a  fev/  months  later.  Mr.  Judy  remained 
on  the  field  until  the  expiration  of  his  term  in  the  spring 
of  1906. 
Boys'  Home  Miss  Akin  rctumcd  to  the  field  in  the  fall  accom- 

November  29,  1906.  Mr.  Miller  took  charge  of  the 
industrial  work  and  Mrs.  Miller  was  matron  of  the  Boys' 
Home.  During  the  year  an  addition  was  built  to  the 
Boys'  Home,  making  room  for  fifty  boys. 

Miss  Mary  Stauffer  sailed  December  19,  1906,  and 
took  up  the  school  work.  Miss  Akin  having  been  trans- 
ferred to  Moyamba.  Miss  Alice  Dougherty,  a  trained 
nurse,  sailed  June  15, 1907,  to  assist  in  the  medical  work. 

During  the  year  a  number  of  new  boys  were  gathered 
into  the  home,  a  good  school  was  maintained  and  the 
industrial  work  successfully  carried  on. 


Africa 


4a 


Good  Year 
For  Day 
School. 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  Miller  returned  to  America  in  the 
spring  of  1908,  and  desiring  a  more  healthful  station  than 
Rotifunk  on  account  of  their  son,  John,  they  resigned 
their  work  and  accepted  an  appointment  to  Shenge 
under  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 

Miss  Dougherty,  who  had  charge  of  the  station  after 
the  Millers  left,  did  efficient  work,  keeping  good  control 
over  the  boys,  and  planning  their  work. 

In  1908  the  school  under  Miss  Stauffer  had  its  best 
year,  enrolling  199.  Miss  Stauffer  had  set  her  mark  to 
get  fifty  girls  into  the  school  during  the  year,  having  had 
only  thirty-seven  the  year  previous.  She  lacked  but 
three  in  realizing  her  aim.  Miss  Stauffer  returned  to 
America  in  the  spring  of  1909,  for  her  regular  furlough, 
one  of  the  native  workers  having  charge  of  the  school 
during  her  absence. 

The  evangelistic  work  is  carried  forward  constantly. 
All  departments  of  church  work,  under  a  native  pastor, 
are  organized  and  flourishing.  Every  Sunday  the  boys 
go  out  in  groups,  sometimes  walking  five  or  six  miles, 
oftentimes  reaching  as  many  as  twenty  villages,  and  give 
to  the  people  the  message  of  salvation. 

A  sacred  spot  at  Rotifunk  is  the  cemetery.  Here  are   cemetery 
the  graves  of  our  martyrs  and  of  all  the  white  missionaries 
of  both  Boards  who  have  laid  down  their  lives  in  Africa, 
with  the  exception  of    Mrs.  Riebel,  whose  grave  is  in 
Freetown  cemetery. 

Dr.  Zenora  Griggs,  who  arrived  on  the  field  in  the 
fall  of  1900,  opened  a  dispensary  in  the  basement  of  the 
mission  house  in  January,  1901.  At  first  but  few  came 
for  treatment,  and  the  work  was  carried  on  in  an  irreg- 
ular way.  Beginning  in  August,  1901,  the  dispensary 
was  opened  three  half  days  per  week. 


Evangelistic 
Work. 


Medical 

Work 

Reopened. 


44 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Hatfield-Archer 
Dispensary. 


Ministering 
to  the  Sick. 


Realizing  the  need  of  more  extensive  quarters  and 
the  advantage  of  having  them  removed  from  the  mission 
house,  a  dispensary  was  erected  on  the  mission  grounds 
near  the  spot  where  Dr.  Archer  gave  up  her  Hfe.  It  was 
built  of  brick,  most  of  it  made  by  hand,  the  work  of  the 
mission  boys.  It  is  a  story  and  a  half  building  45x22 
feet,  with  a  corrugated  iron  roof,  and  has  a  wide  veranda 
entirely  surrounding  the  house.  The  cement  floors  were 
laid  by  the  mission  boys.  Some  of  the  bricks  were  laid 
by  them,  and  about  one-third  of  the  plastering  and  ail 
the  painting  was  the  work  of  their  hands.  It  contains 
five  rooms — the  dispensing  room,  consulting  room,  two 
wards,  and  a  rest  room. 

A  marble  slab  in  the  front  wall  is  inscribed : 

Hatfield-Archer 
Medical  Dispensary 

1906 
"Heal  the  Sick." 

This  building  gives  the  doctor  better  facilities  for 
her  work,  and  some  extra  rooms  where  patients  may  re- 
main for  special  treatment  and  care.  Monday,  Wed- 
nesday and  Saturday  of  each  week  are  the  days  for  dis- 
pensing medicines.  Often  before  daylight  the  people 
begin  to  gather  under  the  veranda,  and  at  7  a.  m.  a  gospel 
service  is  held,  the  mission  boys  acting  as  interpreters. 
At  the  close  of  the  service  each  one  is  given  a  card  with 
a  number  on  it.  These  "tickets"  are  presented  accord- 
ing to  number.  Any  one  coming  after  the  service  does 
not  receive  a  ticket  and  therefore  must  necessarily  wait 
until  all  the  others  have  received  treatment — an  induce- 
ment for  them  to  attend  the  services.  A  small  sum  is 
charged  for  treatment  and  medicines. 


Africa  45 

The  fame  of  our  medical  work  has  spread  over  a  Growth  of 
large  territory.  Many  people  come  long  distances  to 
the  mission  for  treatment.  During  the  first  year  the 
doctor  treated  200  cases,  second  year,  500  cases,  third 
year,  1,600  cases,  in  1908,  3,266  with  a  net  income  of 
more  than  $1,800,  while  in  1909,  the  number  of  cases 
treated  increased  to  4,180. 

No  one  can  estimate  the  need  of  ministry  to  these 
poor  diseased  bodies,  and  this  is  but  a  step  to  the  evan- 
gelistic work,  reaching  to  their  souls.  During  the  doc- 
tor's furloughs,  the  work  was  successfully  carried  on  in 
1904  by  Mr.  Judy  and  in  1907  by  Miss  Dougherty. 

The  boys  who  live  at  the  Boys'  Home  on  the  mission  industrial 
grounds,  about  forty  in  number,  in  addition  to  their 
regular  duties  at  the  day  school,  are  required  to  each 
give  four  hours  per  day  to  industrial  work,  and  six 
hours  on  Saturdays  and  during  vacations.  A  brick- 
making  machine  which  had  been  donated  was  sent  out 
in  the  fall  of  1901. 

The  industrial  work  has  been  carried  on  consecu- 
tively, but  with  many  hindrances,  by  Mr.  Richards, 
Mr.  Judy,  and  Mr.  Miller.  While  no  work  has  been 
done  on  a  large  scale,  still  the  boys  have  learned  a 
great  deal  about  agriculture,  carpentry  and  blacksmith 
work,  the  making  and  laying  of  brick  and  cement,  the 
making  of  furniture,  painting,  etc.  Much  practical 
knowledge  has  been  gained  and  our  boys  are  sought 
by  the  English  government  for  various  positions;  one 
of  them  did  most  of  the  surveying  for  the  railroad 
which  was  built  into  the  interior. 

Along  agricultural  lines,  large  quantities  of  pine- 
apples and  bananas  are  raised,  coffee,  palm,  and  kola 
trees,  the  latter  bearing  a  marketable  nut;  rice,  cassava. 


46  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

and  yams  are  grown  in  abundance,  the  last  two  being 
fair  substitutes  for  potatoes.  Some  Uttle  experiment 
has  been  made  with  cotton. 

The  boys  can  make  brick  and  are  learning  to  manage 
a  kiln,  but  it  is  a  question  as  to  how  much  market  there 
will  be  for  them.  There  is  fine  building  stone  all  over 
the  protectorate.  It  is  of  red  color,  soft  when  quarried, 
easily  worked  and  well  adapted  to  the  climate,  and  be- 
cause of  its  porous  formation  it  does  not  retain  water 
as  do  the  bricks.  The  Rotifunk  church  is  built  of 
the  native  stone,  all  of  which  was  carried  on  the  heads 
of  the  boys  from  the  quarry  to  the  church  site.  The 
boys  enlarged  their  home,  and  did  most  of  the  work  in 
the  building  of  the  dispensary  and  native  parsonage. 
They  do  the  repairing  of  buildings  and  fences  and  some 
limework.  All  of  these  things  are  teaching  the  dignity 
of  labor  and  are  tending  toward  self-support. 

Moyamha. 
In  1899  Moyamba  was  made  the  government  head- 
quarters of  Ronietta  district.     It  is  situated  on  the  rail- 
road twenty-one  miles  east  of  Rotifunk  and  is  connected 
with  Rotifunk  by  a  highway  sixty  to  eighty  feet  wide. 
Deed  for  Land  In  1900  a  deed  was  secured  for  eight  acres  of  land 

between  the  government  headquarters  and  the  town. 
On  this  was  a  large  barra,  erected  by  the  government, 
which  was  used  for  a  church  and  for  school  purposes. 

The  conference  of  1900  stationed  at  Moyamba 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  A.  King,  who  had  but  recently  come 
to  the  field.  They  moved  into  the  native  house  which 
had  been  erected  the  previous  year,  and  began  at  once 
to  build  an  American  house,  part  of  which  was  completed 


Martyrs'  Memorial  Church,  Rotifunk 


Mission  House,  Rotifunk 


'jM^-^ 


Boys'  Home,  Rotifunk 


Medical  Dispensary,  Rotifunk 


Girls"  Home  and  Mission  House,  Moyaniba 


United  Brethren  Church,  Moyamba 


Schoolhouse,  Moyamba 


Africa  47 

by  the  first  of  June.     Mrs.  King  gathered  the  girls  into  ciris  Gathered 
her  home  and  taught  them  to  work. 

Because  of  the  serious  illness  of  Mrs.  King,  they  re- 
turned to  America  in  the  spring  of  1901. 

Miss  Minnie  Eaton,  returning  to  Africa  for  her 
second  term,  sailed  October  2,  1900,  and  took  charge  of 
the  school.  In  addition  to  her  school  work  she  taught 
the  girls  to  cut,  fit,  and  make  their  own  clothing  and  do 
other  sewing.  She  organized  a  seekers'  class  of  thirty- 
two  members  among  the  Mendis  in  the  town  and  did 
house-to-house  visiting. 

Early  in  1901  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Todd  went  to  Moyamba  church  Built 
that  Miss  Eaton  might  not  be  alone.  Mr.  Todd  com-  iTedicated. 
pleted  the  church  at  Moyamba,  a  substantial  stone 
structure  30x42  feet.  It  is  seated  with  comfortable 
high-back  pews,  and  is  valued  at  $2,125,  about  $900  of 
which  was  raised  on  the  field.  The  people  had  looked 
forward  with  great  interest  to  its  dedication  and  a  large 
audience  gathered  on  the  day  set,  June  22,  1902,  and 
listened  to  a  soul-stirring  sermon  by  Rev.  I.  E.  Albert. 
The  church  more  than  doubled  its  membership  during 
the  year.  As  acting  superintendent,  Mr.  Todd  had  over- 
sight of  all  the  stations  and  Mrs.  Todd,  in  addition  to 
having  charge  of  the  mission  house  and  the  oversight  of 
the  Girls'  Home  did  pastoral  work,  and  held  services 
in  the  jail. 

Miss  Mary  Murrel  sailed  October  15,  1902,  and  on 
the  return  to  America  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Todd  in  the  spring 
of  1903,  she  went  to  Moyamba  and  took  charge  of  the 
evangelistic  work,  and  was  also  matron  of  the  Girls'  Home. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  W.  Snyder  sailed  September  30,  changes  in 
1903.  Mrs.  Snyder  suffered  a  nervous  shock  in  Decem-  FJ?ce°""^ 
ber,  caused  by  the  death  of  Mrs.  Riebel,  and  spent  a  few 


48  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

weeks  at  the  Canary  Islands.  The  conference  of  1904 
stationed  them  at  Moyamba.  Mr.  Snyder  had  charge 
of  the  station  and  Mrs.  Snyder  was  matron  of  the  Girls' 
Home.  Miss  Eaton  returned  to  America  on  furlough 
in  the  spring  of  1904.  In  the  spring  Miss  Murrel,  hav- 
ing been  seriously  ill  with  black-water  fever,  was  ordered 
home  by  the  physician.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Todd  returned 
to  Africa,  sailing  August  19,  1904.  Their  services  were 
needed  at  many  of  the  places,  and  they  entered  into  the 
work  with  zeal.  After  a  short  illness  with  black-water 
fever,  Mr.  Todd  died  December  12,  1904.  The  funeral 
services  were  conducted  in  the  Rotifunk  church,  and  he 
was  buried  in  the  cemetery  there.  Mrs.  Todd  bravel}^ 
decided  to  stay  on  and  has  manifested  what  the  grace 
of  God  can  do  for  those  who  are  willing  to  appropriate 
the  richness  of  his  gifts. 

Miss  Murrel  sailed  November  30, 1904,  for  her  second 
term  and  had  charge  of  the  school  until  November,  1905, 
when  on  account  of  a  second  attack  of  black-water  fever 
it  became  necessary  for  her  to  return  to  America. 

In  the  spring  of  1905,  when  Mr.  Snyder  went  to 
Freetown  to  act  as  superintendent  during  Mr.  King's 
absence,  Mrs.  Todd  took  charge  of  the  station,  and  con- 
tinued as  missionary  in  charge  for  two  years.  She  took 
her  regular  furlough  in  the  spring  of  1907,  and  since  her 
return  to  thQ  field  has  served  as  an  evangelist.  Mrs. 
Snyder  was  invalided  home  in  the  spring  of  1905. 
Mr.  Snyder  returned  at  the  expiration  of  his  term. 

A  native  schoolhouse,  with  galvanized  iron  roof, 
was  erected  in  the  spring  of  1905. 

Miss  Rilla  Akin  took  her  furlough  in  the  spring  of 
1905.     She  returned  to  the  field  in  the   fall,  sailing  No- 


Africa  49 

vember  29,  1905,  and  became  matron  of  the  Girls'  Home. 
She   was    married  to  Mr.  Southard  January    2,    1907. 

After  the  reconstruction  it  was  thought  advisable  Missionaries' 
to  move  the  girls  to  Moyamba.  The  native  house  was  ffom?."^*' 
reroofed  and  repaired  and  used  as  a  home  for  the  girls 
for  several  years.  The  building  in  which  the  missionaries 
had  been  living  was  put  up  hurriedly  after  the  war  and 
was  not  intended  to  be  a  permanent  home.  In  190G 
plans  were  made  for  a  new  building,  which  was  really 
two  homes,  the  girls  and  missionaries  to  be  under  one 
roof,  but  so  divided  that  each  home  was  complete  in 
itself.  This  greatly  facilitated  matters  for  the  mis- 
sionary in  charge.  The  home  was  completed  and  the 
missionaries  moved  in  shortly  before  Christmas,  1907. 
It  is  built  of  concrete  block  at  a  cost  of  $4,574.40.  The 
old  mission  house  was  removed  and  placed  at  the  back  of 
the  dormitory  on  a  new  foundation,  thus  furnishing  ac- 
commodations for  almost  twice  the  number  of  girls.  Miss 
Ella  Shanklin,  sailed  June  20,  1908.  She  took  charge  of 
the  school,  and  since  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Southard's  return  to 
America  in  the  fall  of  1908  has  been  matron  of  the  home. 

The  practical  training  given  the  girls  in  the  Home  is  P"cticai 
intended  to  prepare  them  to  be  good  mothers  and  home-  ^°^  <^»'"''*- 
makers.  There  were  twenty-one  girls  in  the  home  dur- 
ing the  year  1908,  and  they  had  systematic  training  in 
plain  and  fancy  sewing,  crocheting  and  general  house- 
work. They  also  were  interested  a  part  of  the  year  in 
gardening. 

At  Moyamba  we  have  a  strong  work  among  the     IrMt"  °^ 
English-speaking  population  and  the  people  contribute   ^'"po'"*^""- 
toward  the  expense  of  the  church  work.     As  the  district 
government   headquarters,   the  station   is  one  of  great 
importance,  which  is  fully  appreciated  by  our  missionaries. 


50 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Chiefs  and  their  followers  come  from  places  where  there 
are  no  missions,  and  special  meetings  are  arranged  to  speak 
to  these  groups.  For  several  years  work  has  been  carried 
on  in  the  jail  located  here,  and  good  results  have  been 
obtained.  At  several  times,  condemned  prisoners  have 
professed  their  faith  in  Jesus  and  have  received  the  rite 
of  baptism. 


Tablet  in 
Memory  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs. 
McGrew. 


House 

Built. 


Taiama. 

After  the  war,  Taiama  was  destroyed  by  the  English 
force  and,  before  permitting  it  to  be  rebuilt,  the  English 
officers  directed  in  laying  out  the  town. 

Early  in  1901,  one  of  the  native  pastors  was  sent 
to  reopen  the  work;  a  mission  house  was  built  by  the 
natives,  and  a  school  started  at  once. 

An  inscribed  tablet  was  sent  out  in  the  spring  of 
1903  to  mark  the  place  where  Mr.  and  Mrs.  McGrew 
were  massacred.  Since  for  the  greater  part  of  the  year 
the  water  rushes  over  the  rock  where  their  lives  were 
sacrificed,  and  the  high  bank  shuts  it  from  view,  unless 
one  gets  to  the  water's  edge,  the  tablet  was  placed  on  the 
bank  of  the  river  where  it  can  easily  be  seen  and  read. 
A  hand  points  to  the  rock.  The  inscription  reads, "On 
this  Rock  the  American  Missionaries,  Rev.  L.  A.  Mc- 
Grew and  his  wife,  Clara  McGrew,  were  massacred  May 
9,  1898." 

A  new  mission  house  made  of  native  lumber  was 
built  in  1904.  It  is  36x26  feet,  with  a  six  foot  wide 
veranda  extending  the  entire  length  of  the  house. 

Miss  Eaton,  returning  to  Africa  for  her  third  term 
accompanied  by  Miss  Angie  Akin,  sailed  November  30, 
1904.  The  conference  of  1905  placed  Miss  Eaton  in 
charge  of  the  station  and  Miss  Angie  Akin  in  charge  of 


Africa  51 

the  school.     A  church  was  organized  in  1906,  with  six 
members. 

Taiama  is  the  largest  purely  uncivilized  town  in  a  strategic 
which  we  have  work.  Politically  it  is  a  center  of  great  ^*"*'^- 
importance,  and  there  is  no  doubt  but  it  holds  the 
same  strategic  importance  as  a  center  for  evangelization. 
The  school  is  not  as  large  as  it  should  be,  but  those  who 
are  in  it  are  making  good  progress.  We  have  a  faithful 
band  of  workers  here.  Meetings  for  preaching  and  in- 
struction are  held  each  week  in  six  different  parts  of  the 
town  and  an  interesting  Sunday  school  meets  every 
Sunday  afternoon.  Our  missionaries  and  the  itinerants 
visit  regularly  fifteen  or  twenty  towns,  and  at  longer 
intervals  hold  meetings  in  many  others. 

Brick  were  burned  for  a  new  church,  which  is  very 
much  needed,  and  land  was  secured  on  which  to  build 
it.     The  location  is  central  and  commanding. 

A  branch  dispensary  was  opened  in  1908. 

Our  work  in  Sierra  Leone  has  been  carried  on  mainly  work 
among  the  people  of  two  tribes,  the  Temnis  and  the  Two^fribes, 
Mendis.     Among  the  Temnis  there  are  eight  stations 
and    substations — Rotifunk,    Ronietta,    Yonnie    Banna, 
Makundu,  Rokon,  Bradford,  Palli  and  Rotower. 

The  Temni  Work, 
Work  was  begun  among  the  Yonnie  people,  a  branch 
of  the  Temnis  before  the  uprising,  when  it  seemed  a 
heroic  thing  to  venture  up  into  the  country  of  this  tribe 
that  had  such  a  warlike  reputation.  Our  first  mission- 
aries at  Rotifunk  had  often  been  exposed  to  danger  by 
their  hostile  raids,  and  they  were  considered  a  proud 
and  unfriendly  people.  We  now  have  three  stations 
among  them — Makundu,  Ronietta  and  Yonnie   Banna. 


^:^2 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Makundu. 


Ronietta. 


Yonnic  Banna. 


Rokon. 


Work  was  first  opened  at  Makundu  in  1895.  A 
piece  of  land,  well  located,  was  secured  in  1899,  a  chapel 
and  mission  house  built,  and  a  school  started  by  Thomas 
Hallowell.  We  have  an  organized  church,  and  the  in- 
creasing interest  manifested  in  our  work  is  doubtless 
partly  due  to  the  help  of  the  chief,  Foula  Mansa,  who  was 
a  stanch  friend  of  our  mission  and  a  firm  believer  in 
Christianity.     He  died  in  November,   1908. 

At  Ronietta,  twenty  miles  northeast  of  Rotifunk, 
on  a  branch  of  the  Sierra  Leone  River,  we  have  our  strong- 
est work  among  this  people.  In  1904  Mr.  Hallowell 
was  sent  to  open  the  work  here,  and  has  been  wonderfully 
blessed  of  God  in  his  labors  among  them.  Fifteen  acres  of 
ground  splendidly  located  have  been  cleared  and  fenced 
and  early  in  1908  an  adobe  mission  house  with  galvanized 
iron  roof  was  built.  A  number  of  children  are  kept  in 
the  home  and  these  receive  Christian  training.  A  good 
school  is  maintained.  A  chapel  has  been  built  in  the 
center  of  the  town  and  we  have  an  organized  church 
with  a  good  Sunday  school,  and  Senior  and  Junior 
Christian  Endeavor  societies.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
hopeful  mission  stations. 

That  part  of  the  country  where  Yonnie  Banna  is 
located  is  closely  affiliated  with  Foula  Mansa's  territory 
and  he  gave  great  assistance  in  opening  the  station  in 
1907.  Yonnie  Banna  is  on  the  branch  railroad  and  the 
beginnings  of  our  work  here  have  been  very  hopeful. 
The  school  has  had  a  very  large  attendance.  Ground 
was  obtained  late  in  the  year  1908  and  a  good  mission 
house  and  a  chapel  will  soon  be  built. 

The  station  at  Rokon  was  reopened  in  1902,  and 
while  there  is  a  wide  field  of  opportunity  the  work  does 


Africa  53 

not  progress  very  rapidly  because  of  the  strong  Moham- 
medan influence  in  the  town. 

Bradford,  a  railroad    town   east   of    Rotifunk,  was   Bradford. 
opened  in  1902.     We  have  a  fine  location  here  with  a 
native  mission  house,  church,  and  school,  the  work  mak- 
ing fair  progress. 

Bompeh  and  PalH  were  among  our  earliest  stations.  Bompeh  and 
Being  close  to  each  other,  the  same  pastor  has  charge  of 
both.  At  Palli  we  have  a  good  stone  chapel  and  con- 
siderable mission  property  capable  of  development  along 
industrial  lines.  There  was  a  revival  of  interest  in  the 
school  in  1908. 

Rotower  is  a  new  station  opened  three  or  four  miles  Rotower. 
from     Rotifunk.     Ground    for    mission    purposes    was 
secured   and   the   people  responded  well   in   helping  to 
build  the  mission  house,  and  were  also  interested  in  the 
school. 

The  Mendi  Work. 

In  addition  to  the  work  among  the  Mendis  at  Moy- 
amba  and  Taiama,  our  missionaries  at  Moyamba  give 
oversight  to  four .  outstations  among  this  tribe,  Kwellu, 
Mokouri,  Lungay  and  Yoyema. 

Kwellu  is  one  of  the  best  centers  in  the  great  Mendi  Kweiiu. 
country.  It  is  quite  a  large  town  with  more  than  fifty 
smaller  villages  subject  to  it.  In  1S96  Mrs.  Julianna 
Thompson,  a  daughter  of  Bishop  Crowther,  arranged 
with  our  mission  to  open  work  at  Kwellu,  looking  to  the 
people  for  every  expense  connected  with  the  opening  of 
a  new  station,  except  a  small  salary  for  her  personal 
support.  She  began  a  school  for  the  children,  and  from 
the  first  she  secured  the  interest  of  the  chief,  Kongomo. 
who  aided  her  greatly  in  reaching  the  people.     He  him- 


54 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Mokouri  and 
Lungay. 


Yoyema. 
Summary. 


self  became  an  earnest  inquirer  and  after  several  years 
of  testing  was  baptized  in  1902,  a  few  days  before  his 
death.  A  class  was  organized  and  a  good  stone  chapel 
built  by  the  people  themselves.  With  the  death  of 
Mrs.  Thompson,  May  20,  1905,  our  mission  lost  one  of 
its  loyal  workers.  Kwellu  continues  as  one  of  our 
fruitful  mission  centers  in  the  Mendi  country  though 
a  strong  Mohammedan  influence  prevails. 

Mokouri  and  Lungay  are  small  places  not  far  from 
Moyamba.  School  work  has  been  carried  on  at  both 
places. 

Yoyema  was  opened  in  1907  and  bids  fair  to  be  one 
of  our  good  stations. 

To  carry  on  the  work  in  Africa,  we  had  in  the  spring 
of  1909,  twelve  American  missionaries  and  twenty-eight 
African  workers.  At  the  conference  that  year  there 
were  reported  ten  organized  churches,  180  regular 
preaching  places,  278  communicant  members,  1,250 
adherents,  fifteen  Sunday  schools,  with  a  membership  of 
810,  fourteen  day  schools  and  three  boarding  schools 
with  a  combined  enrollment  of  681,  eight  Junior  and 
Senior  Christian  Endeavor  societies,  one  dispensary,  in 
which  3,266  cases  were  treated  during  1908.  The  total 
value  of  property  was  $38,040.00. 


GERMANY 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Fostoria, 
Ohio,  in  May,  1880,  Rev.  C.  Bischoff,  superintendent 
of  the  work  of  our  Church  in  Germany,  and  Rev.  D.  K. 
Flickinger,  Secretary  of  the  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign 
Missionary  Society,  told  of  the  need  and  also  of  the  great 
opportunity  for  work  in  Germany.  It  was  agreed  to 
pay  $350  toward  the  support  of  a  pastor  at  Coburg,  a 
city  of  about  14,000  inhabitants.  Rev.  G.  Noetzold, 
the  first  missionary,  organized  a  church  at  this  place,  orgln^zed. 
March  27,  1881,  with  twenty  members. 

In  the  spring  of  1886,  the  conference  appointed 
Rev.  H.  Barkemeyer  to  Coburg. 

There  was  a  growing  feeling  among  those  having 
the  German  work  most  at  heart,  that,  in  order  to  secure 
better  results,  a  chapel  should  be  erected.  A  lady  in 
Coburg  had  contributed  $62  for  this  purpose  and  several 
small  sums  had  been  given  by  friends  in  America,  so  the 
fund  was  opened. 

For  years  very  little  success  attended  the  mission  D^iscontinued!"'^^ 
in  Coburg;  many  difficulties  arose,  and  in  the  spring  of 
1889  the  trustees  officially  gave  back  the  station  to  the 
Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society.  This 
action  was  approved  by  the  Board  of  Managers  at  its 
meeting  in  Harrisburg,  in  May,  1889. 

Persons  best  acquainted  with  the  field  recommended 
that  a  mission  be  opened  in  Berlin,  but  since  no  suitable 


56 


The  Woman's  Missionarv  Association 


German  Work 
Transferred  to 
Home,  Frontier, 
and  Foreign 
Missionary 
Society. 


person  was  found  to  undertake  this  work,  the  Board  of 
Managers  at  its  meeting  in  May,  1890,  in  Summit  Street 
Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  decided  that  the  fund  for  German 
work  be  continued  and  its  appropriation  be  left  to  the 
Trustees,  also  that  the  money  raised  for  a  chapel  in  Ger- 
many be  kept  for  that  purpose. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  1892  it 
was  decided  that  the  work  in  Germany  could  better  be 
carried  on  through  the  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign 
Missionary  Society,  and  the  Trustees  were  authorized 
to  offer  to  them  the  money  on  hand  for  building  a  chapel 
in  Weimar,  and  also  to  appropriate  $200  for  the  year 
toward  the  support  of  the  pastor.  The  offer  was 
accepted. 

The  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  in  Westfield, 
Illinois,  in  May,  1895,  adopted  the  following  report: 

"Whereas,  We  still  have  the  German  Chapel  Fund 
intact;  and,  Whereas,  The  conditions  now  at  Weimar, 
Germany,  as  reported  by  Bishop  J.  W.  Hott,  are  favor- 
able for  the  permanent  establishment  of  a  church  there, 
there  being  a  membership  of  forty-eight,  who  have  pur- 
chased a  desirable  lot  and  wish  to  build  a  house  of  wor- 
ship; and,  Whereas,  In  response  to  inquiry  of  our  Board 
of  Trustees,  the  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign  Missionary 
Society  has  made  the  following  communication :  'Having 
received  from  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Woman's 
Missionary  Association  a  proposition  with  regard  to  the 
German  Chapel  Fund,  and  having  fully  investigated  the 
circumstances  in  which  this  fund  was  secured,  and  also 
the  present  condition  of  the  church  at  Weimar,  we  rec- 
ommend that  they  pay  the  said  fund  to  the  church  at 
Weimar,  and  that  they  be  relieved  from  any  further 
responsibility  in  the  matter.'     Therefore, 


Ciermany  57 

''Resolved,  That  the  treasurer  be  authorized  to  pay   chapei  Fund 
over  to  the  treasurer  of  the  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign   '^""^^""*^- 
Missionary  Society  the  German  Chapel  Fund,  ($2,703.- 
08),  upon  receiving  notification  that  the  money  is  needed, 
and  assurance  that  we  are  exempt  from  further  respon- 
sibiHty." 

A  brick  church  was  erected  at  Weimar,  a  city  of 
16,000  inhabitants,  and  was  dedicated  in  July,  1896. 


PORTLAND,  OREGON 


School  for 

Chinese 

Opened. 


Sunday  School 
Organized. 


From  the  beginning  of  the  work  as  an  Association 
the  Chinese  on  the  Pacific  coast  had  enhsted  the  sym- 
pathy of  our  women.  The  Bishops  returning  from  visits 
to  the  coast  told  of  how  utterly  destitute  of  gospel  priv- 
ileges these  people  were.  Nothing  definite  was  done 
until  in  the  spring  of  1881,  when  the  Board  of  Managers 
at  its  meeting  in  Western,  Iowa,  adopted  the  following 
resolution:  "That  we  request  the  Trustees  to  open  a 
school  for  the  Chinese  on  the  Pacific  Coast  as  soon  as 
practicable." 

Bishop  Castle  visited  San  Francisco,  and  Portland, 
Oregon,  and  found  many  Chinese  at  both  places.  In 
Portland  he  found  a  night  school  for  the  Chinese  which 
had  been  carried  on  for  six  years  by  Moy  Ling,  a  Christ- 
ian Chinaman.  The  school  had  grown  so  large  that 
Moy  Ling  was  anxious  to  transfer  it  to  some  church,  and 
Bishop  Castle  began  to  negotiate  for  it.  After  careful 
investigation,  the  Trustees,  in  October,  1882,  decided  to 
take  the  school.  November  15,  1882,  Mrs.  Ellen  Sick- 
afoose,  of  Buchanan,  Michigan,  was  appointed  to  take 
charge  of  the  mission.  When  she  went  to  Portland 
July  16,  1883,  there  were  twenty  pupils.  Within  nine 
months  the  number  increased  to  157  and  they  contri- 
buted $407  toward  the  support  of  the  school,  which  was 
held  every  evening  during  the  week  except  Saturday. 

A  Sunday  school  was  organized  the  first  Sunday 
after  the  arrival  of  Mrs.  Sickafoose.     The  building  which 


58 


mx 


lti!1  'r  IS  I  lui 


''>i>)  -Mi 


£i%  * 


United  Brethren  Chapel. 
Weimar,  Germany 


First   I  nited   lirethren  Church, 
Porthmd.  Oregon 


Chinese  School.   Portland.  Orej^on 


Portland,  Oregon  59 

had  been  rented  became  very  crowded  and  there  was 
great  need  for  a  larger  and  better  place. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Harts-  Property 
ville,  Indiana,  in  May,  1884,  Rev.  George  Sickafoose  was  P"'''^*^"*^- 
appointed  to  this  work.  At  this  time  it  was  learned 
that  the  building  used  for  the  school  was  to  be  sold. 
Action  was  taken  to  secure  a  suitable  place  for  the 
school.  Early  in  1885  a  property  was  purchased  costing 
$8,000. 

During  the  first  five  years  of  our  mission  work  in  \v?S. 
Portland  great  prosperity  attended  it,  500  different 
Chinese  had  been  in  the  school  and  fifty-nine  had  pro- 
fessed faith  in  Christ  and  joined  the  Church.  During 
these  five  j^ears  the  pupils  paid  $2,545.58  in  tuition,  on 
the  property,  and  for  missions. 

In  the  fall  of  1890  the  school  was  visited  by  Mrs. 
L.  R.  Keister  (Harford),  the  general  secretary.  In  July, 
1891,  Rev.  George  Sickafoose  resigned  and  entered  the 
active  ministry. 

Mrs.  Sickafoose  with  Moy  Ling  continued  the  school ; 
but  on  account  of  ill  health,  she  resigned  October  1,  1893. 
Mrs.  Mary  Henkle,  of  Philomath,  Oregon,  was  appointed 
to  the  vacancy,  with  Moy  Ling  continued  as  assistant 
and  interpreter.  She  entered  upon  her  work  at  once. 
Mrs.  Henkle  would  employ  none  but  Christian  teachers. 
A  free  class  was  organized.  Late  in  the  year  1895  the 
mission  was  visited  by  Bishop  and  Mrs.  Weaver  and  also 
by  Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller.  In  1897  it  was  thought  that 
perhaps  better  results  might  be  obtained  if  the  school 
were  moved  nearer  to  Chinatown.     This  was  done  with 

,  1        1  •!  r    •  ,  r  ,  School  Moved. 

increased  expense,  and  while  a  fair  number  of  boys  at- 
tended the  school  the  result  was  not  what  the  trustees 
and  superintendent  expected. 


60 


Tlie  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


School 
Discontinued. 


Property   Sold. 


New  Work. 


Church 
Organized. 


Mrs.  Hcnkie  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1898  and  the 
trustees  were  confronted  with  the  problem  of  continuing 
the  school.  At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers 
held  at  Westerville  in  1898  the  following  recommenda- 
tion was  adopted : 

"On  account  of  the  changed  conditions  and  the  res- 
ignation of  Mrs.  M.  E.  Henkle,  the  distance  of  the 
mission  from  Chinatown,  the  failure  to  secure  the  hoped- 
for  results  by  moving  to  a  more  suitable  location,  that 
the  school  at  Portland  be  suspended  for  the  present, 
and  that  our  property  be  disposed  of  as  soon  as  the 
Trustees  deem  advisable,  the  proceeds  to  be  used  for 
our  work  in  China;  that  we  heartily  appreciate  Mrs. 
Henkle's  labor  of  love  among  this  people,  and  also  that 
of  Moy  Ling  and  wife,  and  pray  that  Heaven's  blessing 
may  ever  rest  upon  them,  and  the  Master  in  his  own 
good  time,  will  reveal  the  results." 

The  property  was  sold  in  1906  for  $7,000  and  the 
amount  appropriated  to  the  work  in  China. 

There  was  a  growing  need  for  a  United  Brethren 
Church  in  Portland,  and  upon  the  advice  of  Bishop  Hott 
the  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  in  Decatur,  Il- 
linois, in  May,  1891,  agreed  to  pay  toward  the  pastor's 
support  for  five  years  and  pledged  $3,000  to  assist  in 
purchasing  property,  provided  that  Oregon  Conference 
open  a  mission  in  that  city,  provide  a  pastor,  and  erect 
the  building. 

The  offer  was  accepted  and  the  conference  appointed 
Rev.  I.  G.  Knotts  missionary  to  Portland,  and  a  commit- 
tee to  locate  the  mission. 

In  the  fall  of  1891  a  hall  was  rented  and  a  church 
organized  with  twenty-six  members.  In  January,  1892, 
a  lot  was  purchased  for  $3,500  and  the  building  was  begun 


Portland,  Oregon  61 

in  the  spring.     In  the  fall  of  1893  the  conference  appoint- 
ed Rev.  C.  C.  Bell  as  pastor. 

On  account  of  the  financial  depression  all  over  the  Building 
country,  the  conference  was  not  able  to  complete  the  ^'■•<=*^^- 
church.  The  Association  therefore  assumed  all  financial 
responsibility.  The  church  was  finished  in  the  summer 
of  1894  at  a  cost  of  $5,000  and  deeded  to  the  Association. 
It  was  dedicated  November  18,  1894,  by  Bishop  N. 
Castle  and  Bishop  J.  S.  Mills. 

In  the  fall  of  1895  Rev.  Mr.  Bell  resigned  and  the 
church  was  without  a  regular  pastor  for  a  year,  when 
Rev.  E.  E.  Fix  was  appointed,  who  continued  until  the 
spring  of  1899. 

During  the  years  that  the  church  was  under  the  siow  Growth. 
supervision  of  the  Association  its  growth  in  membership 
was  very  small.  In  1899  the  total  number  of  members 
was  sixty-six  with  about  one  hundred  enrolled  in  the 
Sunday  school.  They  paid  current  expenses  but  were 
not  able  to  pay  anything  toward  the  pastor's  salary. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Indiana,  in  May,  1899,  the  committee  brought 
in  the  following  report,  which  was  adopted  by  a  full 
rising  vote: 

"Since  it  is  believed  that  the  welfare  of  cur  Portland 
church  will  be  better  secured  by  placing  it  in  the  same  re- 
lation to  the  General  Church  as  the  other  Coast  churches, 
as  was  originally  intended  when  the  Portland  church 
was  projected,  it  was  decided  to  adopt  the  recommen- 
dation of  the  Corresponding  Secretary  that  our  church  Deeded ^to 
property  in  East  Portland  be  deeded  to  the  Trustees  of  ^°''^^  ^^'"■'''• 
the  local  U.  B.  Church  in  Portland,  Oregon  Conference, 
that  we  agree  to  pay  toward  the  pastor's  salary,  S300  for 
1899  and  $200  for  1900,  when  our  financial  connection 


62  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

shall  cease."  The  latter  amount  was  changed  to  $300 
at  the  request  of  the  Bishop  and  presiding  elder  of  Oregon 
Conference,  which  sum  was  also  paid  in  1901. 

During  these  eight  years  the  Woman's  Missionary 
Association  contributed  $12,666.68  to  the  Portland 
church. 


1889. 


CHINA 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  at 
Toledo,  Iowa,  in  May,  1888,  it  was  decided  to  open  work 
in  China,  and  it  was  recommended  that  when  Moy  Ling, 
one  of  the  teachers  in  our  Chinese  mission  school  in  Port- 
land, Oregon,  returned  to  China,  Rev.  George  Sicka- 
foose  should  accompany  him  to  open  the  work  there. 
Because  of  the  "Chinese  Exclusion  Bill"  the  United 
States  Government  refused  to  sign  papers  permitting 
Moy  Ling's  return  to  America,  so  their  going  was  deferred. 
At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Harrisburg, 
Pa.,  in  May,  1889,  Moy  Ling  having  signified  his  intention 
of  returning  to  China  in  the  fall,  it  was  decided  that  Mr. 
Sickafoose  should  accompany  him,  and  also  that  mis- 
sionaries should  be  sent  with  them  who  would  remain 
with  the  mission  when  located. 

Miss  Austia  Patterson  and  Miss  Lillian  Shaffner  First 
were  appointed,  and  Miss  Patterson  became  the  first 
superintendent.  The  party  sailed  October  4,  1889,  and 
landed  at  Hong  Kong  October  31.  Here  Miss  Patterson 
and  Miss  Shaffner  remained  for  a  few  weeks,  visiting  the 
different  missions  and  making  the  acquaintance  of  the 
missionaries,  while  Mr.  Sickafoose  and  Moy  Ling  went 
on  to  Canton.  After  thorough  investigation  it  was 
thought  best  to  locate  the  mission  at  Canton,  inasmuch  m 
as  the  port  offered  protection  both  to  life  and  property, 
while  country  districts  were  very  unsettled.  Besides, 
this  place  offered  excellent  opportunities  for  mission  work. 
It  is  a  city  with  a  population  estimated  at  two  and  a 

63 


ission 
Located. 


64  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

half  to  three  milHons  of  people.  There  were  several 
missions  already  well  established,  yet  the  place  was  by  no 
means  evangelized.  On  the  south  side  of  the  Pearl  River 
and  opposite  to  the  main  part  of  the  city  is  an  island 
called  Honari.  This  island  is  about  twelve  miles  long 
and  from  a  mile  to  a  mile  and  a  half  broad.  Honam 
with  its  population  of  400,000  had  but  one  missionary, 
and  it  was  decided   to  locate  the  mission  there. 

Mr.  Sickafoose,  having  completed  his  work,  returned 
to  America  the  followingjune,  and  Miss  Shaffner,  because 
of  ill  health,  returned  in  October  of  the  same  year,  leziv- 
ing  Miss  Patterson  the  only  representative  of  our  Church 
in  the  great  Chinese  Empire.  With  courage  and  heroism 
and  a  deep  conviction  of  God's  call,  she  gave  herself  to 
the  work,  and  in  a  short  time  had  mastered  the  language 
sufficiently  well  to  enable  her  to  do  house-to-house  vis- 
iting with  the  aid  of  a  Bible  woman. 

After  Miss  Shaffner 's  return.  Miss  Patterson  boarded 
with  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Kerr  of  the  Presbyterian  mission  until 
the  arrival  of  Dr.  Lovina  Hal verson,  who  left  San  Fran- 
cisco November  28,  1S91. 

During  the  winter  the  two  missionaries  lived  in  a 
native  house,  but  the  following  May,  they  were  in- 
vited to  occupy  the  furnished  rooms  in  the  Presbyterian 
mission  belonging  to  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Kerr,  who  were  leav- 
ing on  furlough.  This  invitation  was  accepted,  and  in 
addition  to  increased  comfort  was  an  excellent  oppor- 
tunity for  Dr.  Halverson  to  make  a  special  study  of  the 
diseases  common  among  the  people,  and  also  to  assist 
in  the  surgical  work  of  the  liospital. 

Regina  M.  Bigler,  M.  D.,  a  friend  and  medical  part- 
ner of  Dr.  Halverson's  at  Mitchell,  South  Dakota,  sailed 
from  San   Francisco  November   16,    1892. 


China  65 

On  October  10,  1893,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  E.  Fix  set   1393. 
sail  from  San  Francisco  to  join  the  forces  already  at 
work.     They  were  not  permitted  long  however  to  labor 
In  their  chosen  field.     In  the  summer  of  1895  the  illness 
of  Mrs.  Fix  necessitated  their  return  to  America. 

In  the  spring  of  1894  Miss  Patterson,  after  five  years   1394. 
of  service,  returned  to  America  on  furlough. 

This  was  a  year  of  great  hardship.  Bubonic  plague 
was  raging  in  Canton  and  many  thousands  of  the  Chinese 
died.  By  posting  malicious  placards,  it  was  easy  for 
vicious  persons  to  inflame  the  anti-foreign  populace 
against  the  missionaries.  The  most  absurd  stories  were 
current  of  foreign  doctors  who  administered  drugs  to 
hasten  death,  and  then  used  the  eyes  of  the  dead  for 
medical  purposes.  Such  a  state  of  feeling  was  aroused 
that  one  day,  while  attempting  to  render  aid  to  a  man 
apparentl}^  dying  on  the  street,  Dr.  Halverson  was  at"  Mrs^i*oSfri°es. 
tacked  by  a  mob  of  ruffians,  and,  but  for  the  courage  of 
Captain  Barton,  a  customs  officer,  she  would  undoubtedh- 
have  been  killed.  Dr.  Bigler  going  in  search  of  Dr. 
Halverson  encountered  the  same  mob,  sullen  and  angr\- 
from  their  defeat,  and  was  driven  into  a  blind  alley 
from  which  escape  seemed  impossible,  when  she  was 
recognized  by  a  Chinese  Christian  who  took  her  into  his 
home. 

Miss  Patterson  returning  to  China  for  her  second    i896. 
term,  sailed  May  20,   1896.     The  following  spring,  Dr. 
Halverson  returned  to  America,  after  five  and  one-half 
years  of  service. 

Dr.  H.  K.  Shumaker  sailed  from  San  Francisco 
October  21,  1897.  In  addition  to  his  medical  work,  he 
superintended  the  building  of  a  residence  on  Beth  Eden 
compound. 


isg-; 


66 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Beth  Eden 
Compound 
1908. 


Mission 
Residence 
Built. 
1899. 


1900. 


Boxer 
Uprising. 


Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  B.  Ward  sailed  December  18,  1897. 

After  long  and  careful  investigation  and  many  de- 
lays, a  site  was  obtained  for  a  mission  compound  and  a 
deed  secured  February  25,  1898.  This  plot  of  land  on 
the  very  point  of  the  island  is  about  200  feet  long  by 
140  feet  wide,  and  has  the  river  on  two  sides.  It  is  en- 
closed by  a  wall  eight  feet  high  with  two  gates,  one  open- 
ing to  the  street  and  the  other  to  our  own  boat  landing. 
The  compound  was  named  Beth  Eden — House  of  Pleas- 
antness. 

The  building  of  a  mission  residence  was  authorized 
by  the  Board  of  Managers  at  its  annual  meeting  in  May, 
1897,  and  by  January,  1899,  the  building  was  ready  for 
occupancy.  Until  this  time  the  missionaries  had  lived 
in  native  houses  not  far  from  Beth  Eden.  The  house 
completed  is  a  two-story  structure  of  gray  brick,  seventy- 
five  feet  long  and  one  room  wide,  with  broad  open  Ver- 
andas, thus  securing  excellent  ventilation.  There  are 
eight  large  rooms,  four  on  each  side  of  a  central  hall, 
practically  making  a  double  house. 

At  the  request  of  the  missionaries  on  the  field,  Mrs. 
Ruth  McCown  Thompson,  M.  D.,  was  appointed  October 
25,  1898.  As  she  was  already  in  Canton  she  was  notified 
of  her  appointment  and  entered  at  once  upon  her  work. 
She  returned  to  America  in  the  fall  of  1900. 

Dr.  Shumaker  was  appointed  superintendent  Jan- 
uary 1,  1899. 

In  the  spring  of  1900,  after  seven  years  of  service, 
Dr,.  Bigler  returned  to  America  on  furlough. 

Those  were  perilous  days  in  China  during  the  Boxer 
uprising  in  1900.  The  foreigner's  residence  in  China 
became  very  unsafe.  The  consuls  urged  all  women  and 
men  with  families  to  seek  protection  at  the  coast  ports, 


Force. 


China  67 

and  all  of  our  missionaries  except  Dr.  Shumaker  went  to 
Hong  Kong,  which  is  a  British  port  and  is  among  the 
most  impregnable  fortifications  in  the  world.  Dr.  Shu- 
maker, who  remained  in  Canton  at  his  own  request,  super- 
intended the  erection  of  the  Girls'  Boarding  School. 

Dr.  Bigler,  returning  to  China  for  her  second  term,   MiSlnary 
sailed  April  17,  1901. 

Dr.  Shumaker  and  Miss  Patterson  were  united  in 
marriage  February  4,  1902. 

,  O.  S.  Townsend,  M.  D.,  sailed  from  San  Francisco 
March  11,  1902,  and  returned  to  America  in  the  fall  of 
that  same  year. 

In  the  early  summer  of  1902  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ward 
returned  to  America  on  account  of  her  illness. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  E.  Spore  sailed  from  San  Francisco 
September  11,  1902. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  I.  Doty  sailed  from  San  Francisco 
October  31,  1903. 

'  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Shumaker  returned  to  America  in  the 
spring  of  1904  after  a  full  term  of  strenuous  service. 
When  it  became  evident  that  Dr.  Shumaker  on  account 
of  ill  health  could  not  return  to  China,  Mr.  Spore  was 
appointed   superintendent. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ward,  returning  for  their  second  term, 
sailed  from  Vancouver  April  15,  1904,  and  as  soon  as 
possible  entered  upon  the  work  left  by  Dr.  and  Mrs. 
Shumaker. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  B.  F.  Bean,  who  had  been  appointed 
to  develop  the  work  of  the  Foundling  Home,  accompanied 
by  Miss  Belle  Myers,  who  was  to  take  charge  of  the  Girls' 
Boarding  School,  sailed  from  Seattle,  September  20,  1905. 

Frank  Oldt,  M.  D.,  sailed  from  San  Francisco  Sept- 
tember  27,  1905. 


68 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Miss  Ora  B.  Maxwell  sailed  from  Seattle  September 
2,  1906.  Dr.  Oldt  met  her  in  Tokyo,  Japan,  where  they 
were  married  September  18  by  Dr.  A.  T.  Howard. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Spore  returned  to  America  on  fur- 
lough in  the  early  summer  of  1906. 

On  January  18,  1907,  the  Trustees  decided  to  dis- 
continue the  superintendency  and  appoint  a  general 
secretary  and  a  treasurer. 

In  1907  our  mission  was  greatly  helped  by  the  presr 
ence  of  Bishop  Mills,  who  visited  all  the  stations  and 
the  schools  connected  with  the  mission. 

There  had  been  many  difficulties  in  the  way  of  reg- 
ular church  organization.  The  Chinese  had  not  only 
to  learn  of  Christ,  but  the  converts  had  little  conception 
of  church  government,  and  during  the  eighteen  years 
since  the  beginning  of  our  work  in  China  the  converts 
had  been  gathered,  instructed,  baptized,  and  received 
into  the  mission.  In  the  closing  months  of  1907,  five 
churchesjwere  organized,  Kwai  Chau,  Hang  Tan,  Can- 
ton, San  Tong,  and  Siu  Lam. 

January  4  and  5, 1908,  a  mission  conference  was  or- 
ganized by  Bishop  Mills  composed  of  all  the  missionaries 
and  eight  Chinese  workers.  A  course  of  study  was  out- 
lined and  plans  made  for  the  adaptation  and  translation 
of  needed  parts  of  the  Discipline  into  Chinese.  Mr. 
Doty,  Mr.  Bean,  and  Dr.  Oldt  were  ordained.  Rev.  E. 
B.  Ward  and  Rev.  E.  I.  Doty  were  elected  presiding 
elders. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Spore,  returning  to  China  for  their 
second  term,  sailed  from  Seattle  August  15,  1908. 

Mrs.  Doty,  because  of  ill  health,  returned  to  America 
in  the  spring  of  1908,  Mr.  Doty  remaining  on  the  field 
until  fall. 


Beth  Eden  Mission  Home,  Canton 


'^.^ 


A 


___••♦«  "-+liflmi1i   '"t 


iM 


Physician's  Residence  and 
Dispensary,  Canton 


Interior  of  Street  Chapel 
Siu  Lam 


China  Mission  Conference 


Inited   Brethren  Sunday  School,  Canton 


China 


69 


•  o    •«» 


70 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Dr.  Bigler,  after  more  than  seven  continuous  years 
of  service,  returned  to  America  in  the  fall  of  1908.  After 
nine  months'  furlough  she  again  returned  to  the  field 
sailing  from  Seattle,  August  17,  1909. 


Evangelistic  Work. 

The  beginning  of  the  evangelistic  work  dates  back 
to  1891,  when  our  first  missionaries  preached  from  their 
own  door  to  the  assembled  crowds  on  the  streets.  The 
missionaries  were  then  living  in  a  native  house  on  a  busy 
street.  At  the  close  of  each  day,  from  about  four  to 
five  o'clock,  hundreds  of  women  and  girls  passed  their 
door  on  their  way  home  from  the  shops  where  they  had 
been  beating  raw  silk  or  assorting  tea  leaves,  and  all  that 
was  necessary  to  obtain  an  audience  was  to  stand  in  the 
door  and  talk. 

On  May  15,  1895,  our  first  chapel  in  Canton  was 
formally  dedicated.  It  is  open  for  preaching,  reading 
or  conversation  every  day  except  Saturday,  while  Bible 
study  and  preaching  services  are  held  each  Sunday, 
and  two  prayer-meetings  during  the  week,  one  for  women 
and  one  for  men.  Mr.  Lau  Seng  Nam,  who  had  formerly 
preached  for  the  Wesleyans,  was  ordained  by  our  mis- 
sionaries, February  28,  1898.  He  is  a  man  of  excellent 
ability,  fearless  in  his  preaching  and  careful  in  judgment, 
and  has  been  the  chief  adviser  of  the  missionaries  and 
Chinese  workers  through  all  the  years. 

In  the  spring  of  1900,  the  dwelling  that  had  been 
used  for  a  chapel  and  dispensary,  and  also  the  house 
next  to  it  were  purchased  and  remodeled  at  a  cost  of 
$1,329.19.  This  gives  a  corner  property  41x55  feet  for 
the  chapel  and  dispensary,  but  it  is  still  inadequate  for 
the  purpose. 


China  71 

In  1901,  the  Tsz  Lai  chapel  was  transferred  by  the  street  chapei. 
Swedish  missionaries  to  our  mission  to  be  used  as  a  street 
chapel.  These  chapels  are  always  located  on  some  busy 
street.  The  work  consists  of  daily  preaching  by  the 
missionary  or  the  native  pastor,  with  the  exception 
of  Saturday  and  Sunday.  The  audience  is  constantly 
changing.  Many  who  come  in  are  not  interested,  but 
there  are  those  who  come  quite  regularly  and  often  stay 
for  more  definite  instruction.  There  is  but  one  organized 
church  in  Canton,  as  the  work  of  the  street  chapel  is 
supplementary.  This  organization  was  effected  De- 
cember 22,  1907,  with  a  membership  of  163. 

The  International  lessons  were  used  in  connection  Sunday  Schools, 
with  the  chapel  services  before  the  Sunday  school  was 
organized.  Because  the  chapel  is  not  large  enough 
for  the  division  into  classes,  pupils  of  the  Boys'  Day 
School,  about  forty-five  in  number,  study  the  lesson  in 
their  own  building;  the  Woman's  Boarding  School,  only 
a  few  feet  from  the  chapel,  accommodates  two  classes, 
and  the  Foundling  Home,  near  by,  furnishes  a  place  for 
another  class,  while  three  classes  meet  in  the  chapel. 
To  gather  so  many  children  for  definite  Bible  instruction 
is  an  opportunity  hard  to  overestimate. 

Educational  Work. 
In  February,  1890,  about  three  months  after  her  Girls' 

Ti/r-A  -T-.  ^^y  Schools. 

arrival  in  Canton,  Miss  Austia  Patterson  opened  a  day 
school  for  girls;  the  following  June  a  second  school  was 
started  and  in  March,  1895,  a  third,  all  in  Canton. 

In  the  beginning,  the  Chinese  method  of  study, 
largely  that  of  memorizing,  was  followed  as  closely  as 
possible  so  as  not  to  arouse  opposition.  Within  recent 
years  a  couree  of  study  has  been  introduced,  which,  while 


12  The  Woman's  Missionary  Associatioti 

not  exactly  similar,  very  nearly  corresponds  to  the  first 
five  years'  work  in  the  American  schools.  The  Bible  is 
used  as  a  text-book  and  many  of  the  pupils  have  com- 
mitted the  Gospels,  and  some  can  repeat  nearly  the  whole 
New  Testament. 

The  chief  end  of  the  day  schools  is  not  educational 
work  alone  but  evangelistic.  The  schools  are  taught  by 
native  Christian  women  and  are  under  the  supervision 
of  the  missionaries,  who  visit  them  once  a  week  and  re- 
view the  work.  After  the  review  there  is  a  gospel  lesson, 
then  perhaps  a  lesson  in  singing.  The  mothers  and 
neighbor  women  come  to  hear  the  lesson,  the  music,  and 
the  gospel  story  until  often  there  is  not  standing  room. 
Many  of  these  women  would  not  go  to  the  services  at 
the  chapel.  After  the  work  at  the  school  is  finished,  the 
missionary,  accompanied  by  the  teacher  or  Bible  woman, 
is  often  invited  into  the  homes  of  the  pupils  where  she 
again  has  the  opportunity  to  tell  the  new  old  story  to 
the  women  who  gather  about  her.  A  good  proportion  of 
our  conversions  in  Canton  can  be  traced  to  the  influence 
of  these  schools.  A  definite  step  toward  self-support  was 
taken  when  the  mission  began  to  charge  admission  to  the 
day  schools.  This,  it  was  feared,  would  lessen  the  num- 
ber of  pupils,  but  the  result  has  been  quite  the  reverse, 
and  increased  interest  and  appreciation  are  manifested. 

The  day  school  for  boys  is  carried  on  along  the  same 
lines  as  those  for  girls.  The  school  has  always  been  in 
charge  of  a  native  worker — one  of  the  Chinese  pastors 
usually  is  given  the  work,  a  missionary  always  having 
general  supervision.  The  course  of  study  may  vary 
somewhat  from  that  now  adopted  by  the  girls'  day 
school,  but  is  gradually  being  developed  so  that  pupils 
may  be  prepared  for  schools  of  a  higher  standard. 


China  73 

It  was  during  the  perilous  days  of  1900  that  Dr.  Elizabeth 
Shumaker  superintended  the  erection  of  the  Girls'  Board-  sJJIIinYry/  ^^ 
ing  School.  This  is  a  two-story  building  of  gray  brick 
occupying  the  southeast  corner  of  Beth  Eden  compound. 
It  is  so  built  as  to  enclose  a  small  court  on  three  sides 
and,  including  the  court,  covers  a  rectangular  area  50x60 
feet.  The  second  story  is  used  as  a  dormitory,  while  on 
the  ground  floor  are  recitation-rooms  and  a  dining-room'. 
Sit  Meng  Cook,  a  wealthy  Chinese  merchant,  gave  $.500 
toward  the  erection  of  the  school  as  a  memorial  to  his 
daughter  who  had  died  a  few  months  before.  The  little 
girl's  picture  hangs  in  one  of  the  recitation-rooms  which 
is  known  as  Sit  Meng  Ku  Memorial  Hall.  The  building 
cost  $1,275.56. 

The  school  was  opened  March  12,  1901,  with  an  en- 
rollment of  seven.  There  are  now  fifty  pupils,  and  many 
applicants  are  refused  admittance  because  the  building 
will  accommodate  no  more.  A  course  of  study  covering 
eight  years  has  been  adopted  and  is  a  fair  equivalent  to 
the  first  eight  years  of  the  schools  of  our  own  country. 
Bible  study  is  a  regular  feature  of  the  work.  In  addition 
to  their  school  work  the  girls  are  taught  practical  house- 
keeping, vocal  and  instrumental  music,  and  have  had 
some  lessons  in  sewing  and  in  the  care  of  the  sick. 

Two  girls  completed  the  course  of  study  and  were 
graduated,  both  with  good  records  as  students,  in  1908. 
The  year  following  two  more  were  graduated.  Three 
of  these  are  now  employed  as  teachers  in  our  schools. 

Both  Senior  and  Junior  Christian  Endeavor  socie- 
ties were  organized  in  1908  and  early  in  1909  a  Y.  W.  C. 
A.,  the  first  in  South  China.  About  the  pupils  are 
thrown  the  very  best  of  Christian  influences  and  many  are 
led  to  a  life  decision  for  the  Master. 


74  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

Because  of  Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller's  long  and  intimate 
connection  with  the  work  of  the  Association  as  its  leader, 
and  her  deep  interest  in  girls  and  young  women,  the 
Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  held  at  Akron,  Ohio, 
in  May,  1909,  voted  to  name  the  boarding-school,  "The 
Elizabeth  Kumler  Miller  Seminary  for  Girls." 
Women's  As  the  work  progressed  the  call  for  Bible  women 

Scho"oT^  became  more  and  more  urgent.     To  meet  this  need,  a 

Bible  class  for  the  training  of  women  was  started.  For 
a  while  this  class  was  conducted  in  the  Girls'  Boarding 
School  and  with  no  regular  teacher.  As  the  demand 
for  this  kind  of  work  grew,  a  regular  teacher  was  em- 
ployed and  a  house  rented  for  the  school.  The  attend- 
ance has  never  been  large  but  quite  as  large  as  could  be 
cared  for  with  the  limited  equipment.  The  course  of 
study  is  necessarily  simple,  inasmuch  as  the  pupils  are 
women  who  have  never  been  taught;  but  as  they 
laboriously  work  their  way  through  the  gospel  story,  new 
light  is  sure  to  come,  and  sometimes  there  comes  also 
real  desire  to  know  Christ  better.  This  school  has 
proved  its  right  to  exist  by  producing  workers  in  whom 
has  been  awakened  a  desire  to  carry  the  news  to  others. 

Medical  Work. 
The  dispensary  was  opened  in  1893  and  carried  on 
in  a  small  way  until  1895,  when  a  room  13x8  feet,  back 
of  the  chapel  was  fitted  up  for  the  free  dispensary.  It 
had  one  small  window,  seven  feet  from  the  floor  and  but 
one  door.  In  this  small  room  nearly  70,000  patients 
were  treated  in  the  next  five  years;  then  this  property 
and  that  adjoining  were  purchased  and  remodeled  to 
more  nearly  meet  the  need.  Monday  and  Friday  of 
each  week  are  dispensing  days.     People  are  admitted 


__^,.Mmm 


Elizabeth  K.  Miller  Seminary  for  Girls, 
Canton 


First  Graduates  from  the 
Seminary 


Students  in  Miller  Seminary 


Mission  Chapel,  Lak  Lau 


Girls'  Day  School,  Canton 


Foundlings  at  Breakfast,  Foundling  Home,  Canton 


Built. 


China  75 

to  the  waiting-room  until  noon  and  receive  numbered 
tickets  which  give  them  admission  to  the  dispensing 
room.  Very  often  the  number  of  patients  is  so  great 
that  the  work  of  the  doctors  is  not  finished  until  late  in 
the  afternoon.  While  the  patients  are  being  treated 
the  gospel  story  is  told  to  the  crowds  in  the  waiting-room 
by  a  Bible  woman  or  the  Chinese  pastor. 

A  physician's  residence  on  Beth  Eden  compound  Resfdenc"'* 
with  office,  drug-room,  storeroom,  waiting-room  and  two 
or  three  rooms  for  wards,  was  finished  in  July,  1906,  at 
a  cost  of  $3,300.  Although  quite  a  large  number  of 
patients  are  treated  here,  it  is  well  understood  that  those 
seen  here  must  pay  a  fee,  so  the  number  is  somewhat 
limited.  The  work  has  grown  from  1,188  cases  treated 
the  first  year  to  19,468  in  1908. 

The  Foundling  Home. 

In  1901,  $2,000  was  raised  through  the  Woman's 
Day  offering  for  the  beginning  of  a  foundling  home. 
The  missionaries  had  told  us  of  the  great  opportunity 
to  rescue  little  baby  girls. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bean  went  to  Canton  in  the  fall  of 
1905  to  take  charge  of  this  work.  A  house  was  rented 
near  the  dispensary  and  the  foundling  home  was  started 
in  April,  1907.  Great  care  has  to  be  exercised  in  admitting 
children  into  this  home.  The  difficulty  is  to  keep  the 
number  down  rather  than  to  obtain  suitable  inmates. 

The  Woman's  Day  offering,  1908,  furnished  almost 
$6,000  for  this  work,  and  in  the  spring  of  1909  a  little 
more  than  a  half  acre  (English)  was  secured  for  the  per- 
manent location  of  the  home,  while  a  good  building 
site  not  far  removed  was  secured  for  the  residence  of  the 
missionaries  in  charge.     Both  the   home   and  the  resi- 


76  Tlie  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

dence  are  now  being  built.  The  home  when  finished 
will  accommodate  forty  or  fifty  children. 

Country  Evangelistic  Work. 
San  Tong.  Country  evangelistic  work  began  with  the  opening 

of  San  Tong,  a  city  thirty  miles  east  of  Canton  with  a 
population  of  10,000  men.  The  work  here  has  always 
been  cared  for  in  connection  with  the  Canton  evangelistic 
work. 

Early  in  1897,  two  men  came  to  the  missionaries 
and  asked  that  a  preacher  be  sent  to  them.  Mr.  Ng, 
with  thirteen  years'  experience,  went  to  San  Tong,  rented 
a  house,  and  gave  his  entire  time  to  selling  and  teaching 
the  Scriptures.  A  house  was  leased  for  chapel  purposes, 
and  the  services  were  well  attended. 

The  work  was  somewhat  hindered  by  the  burning 
of  the  chapel  in  October,  1903.  The  chapel  was  rebuilt 
the  following  year. 

December  22,  1907,  a  church  was  organized  with  a 
membership  of  sixty-six. 

Siu  Lam  District. 
siu  Lam.  Siu  Lam  with  its  twin  city,Tai  Lam,  is  between  fifty 

and  sixty  miles  south  of  Canton.  Its  population  is 
estimated  at  400,000.  Early  in  the  year  1899  one  of  the 
Chinese  pastors  succeeded  in  renting  a  reading-room. 
In  the  beginning  there  was  a  great  deal  of  opposition, 
and  in  April,  1900,  when  Mr.  Ward  went  to  Siu  Lam  to 
dedicate  the  chapel  he  was  attacked  by  a  mob  and  driven 
out.  Two  or  three  months  later  the  Chinese  pastor 
left  for  Hong  Kong  for  safety  (it  was  the  Boxer  year) 
and  Siu  Lam  seemed  shut.  But  by  degrees  these  workers 
got   back  to  their  places  and   gradually  the    prejudice 


China  77 

of  the  people  was  overcome.  In  the  spring  of  1907  the 
chapel  was  dedicated.  Not  fewer  than  500  gathered  in 
and  about  the  chapel  for  the  service,  and  more  than  a 
hundred  were  turned  away  for  lack  of  room. 

In  1901  a  site  was  obtained  for  a  mission  home  on  a  oiivet  Home. 
quiet  residence  street  in  the  heart  of  the  city.  The  lot 
is  about  60x90  feet  surrounded  by  the  usual  high  brick 
wall.  The  house  is  of  gray  brick,  two  stories  high  with 
a  veranda  on  the  south  and  west.  The  cost  of  the 
ground  and  the  house  was  $1,500. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ward  moved  to  Siu  Lam  early  in  1905. 
The  same  year  a  corner  lot  two  or  three  minutes'  walk 
from  Olivet,  was  secured  for  $600.  The  house  after 
being  remodeled  was  used  for  church  and  school  pur- 
poses and  also  as  a  residence  for  the  Chinese  pastor, 

A  day  school  for  girls  was  opened  in  1903. 

A  Christian  Endeavor  society  was  organized  early 
in  1906  which  meets  weekly  for  Bible  study,  testimony 
and  prayer. 

A  church  was  organized  December  25,  1907,  with  a 
membership  of  fifty-one. 

One  of  the  prominent  features  of  our  work  at  Siu  the^'^Woi^n"^ 
Lam  is  that  done  for  the  women.  Hundreds  of  women 
visit  Olivet  mission  home  each  year.  Any  woman  is 
welcome  to  come,  have  a  cup  of  tea,  and  hear 
the  message.  In  the  first  quarter  of  1909  Mrs.  Ward 
received  1850  calls  from  Chinese  women.  Then,  too. 
she  has  many  invitations  to  the  homes.  Sometimes 
there  will  be  but  a  few  women;  at  other  times  the  house 
will  be  so  crowded  that  the  doors  have  to  be  locked  to 
keep  others  from  crowding  in.  One  day  when  she  re- 
turned from  calling  she  found  that  forty-five  women  had 
come  in  during  her  absence. 


78  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

Kwai  Chau.  Kwai  Cliau,  five  miles  from  Sheung  Ti,  has  a  popula- 

tion of  about  70,000  men.  Early  in  1903  work  was  be- 
gun here  by  the  opening  of  a  reading-room.  A  building 
was  leased  for  five  years,  which  was  purchased  by  the 
mission  a  year  later.  Bible  study  classes  are  held  each 
evening  and  regular  services  on  Sunday.  The  first 
church  in  our  mission  was  organized  here  October  13, 
1907,  with  thirty  members. 

Lak  Lau  District. 

Lak  Lau.  In  the  fall  of  1904  a  house  was  secured  on  a  ten 

year  lease  to  be  used  as  a  reading-room  with  permission 
to  turn  it  into  a  chapel  later  on.  Lak  Lau  is  a  large 
city  with  excellent  opportunities  but  strong  opposition. 
Our  missionaries  say  that  on  account  of  its  splendid 
boat  service,  this  is  a  strategic  point,  and  that  it  should 
soon  be  made  a  station  in  charge  of  American  mission- 
aries. 

Hang  Tan.  Hang  Tan  is  a  market  town  with  a  population  of 

10,000.  Work  was  opened  in  November,  1902.  The 
better  class  of  the  people  are  friendly  and  there  is  a  good 
attendance  at  the  preaching  services.  A  church  was 
organized  December  19,  1907,  with  a  membership  of 
thirty-four. 

Sheung  Ti.  Shcung  Ti  with  a  population  of  5,000  is  in  the  heart 

of  a  county  known  as  the  most  hostile  in  the  province 
to  foreigners  and  to  Christianity.  Work  was  opened 
here  in  1902.  The  pastor's  house  was  leased  to  the 
mission  as  the  only  means  of  getting  a  foothold.  It 
was  purchased  by  the  mission  in  the  summer  of  1905. 

A  day  school  was  opened  in  the  same  year,  which  is 
well  attended.  In  addition  to  the  Bible  study  and  preach- 
ing services  on  Sunday,  Bible  classes  are  held  each  even- 


China  79 

ing  when  practicable.  There  is  no  church  organization, 
the  members  from  this  place  joining  the  church  at  Hang 
Tan,  which  is  about  three  miles  distant. 

To  carry  on  the  work  in  China  we  had  in  the  spring  Summary. 
of  1909,  twelve  American  missionaries,  ten  Chinese 
pastors,  and  thirteen  Bible  w^omen.  At  the  conference 
that  year  there  were  reported  five  organized  churches, 
eight  regular  preaching  places,  427  communicant  mem- 
bers, 854  adherents,  two  Sunday  schools  with  an  en- 
rollment of  375,  six  day  schools  and  two  boarding  schools 
with  a  combined  enrollment  of  330,  three  Junior  and 
Senior  Christian  Endeavor  societies,  one  dispensary  in 
which  19,468  cases  were  treated  during  1908.  The 
total  value  of  property  was  $55,300.00. 


PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS 


iguo. 


1901. 

First 
Missionaries. 


Evangelical 
Union. 


At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  in 
May,  1900,  in  first  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  it  seemed 
fitting,  as  a  memt^rial  of  our  Silver  Anniversary,  to  open 
work  in  a  new  field,  and  the  Board  adopted  a  recommen- 
dation to  establish  a  new  mission  either  in  Porto  Rico, 
the  Philippine  Islands,  or  Japan,  leaving  the  matter  to 
the  Trustees  for  careful  investigation  and  final  decision. 
Much  time  was  given  to  consideration  and  prayer,  and 
the  decision  reached  November  19  was  unanimous  in 
favor  of  the  Philippines. 

A  call  was  made  for  workers  with  immediate  re- 
sponse. Rev.  Edwin  S.  Eby,  Elkhart,  Indiana,  and 
Rev.  Sanford  B.  Kurtz,  Hygiene,  Colorado,  were  appoint- 
ed.    They  sailed  from  San  Francisco,  February  19,  1901. 

Shortly  after  their  arrival,  a  conference  of  repre- 
sentatives of  all  the  evangelical  denominations  working 
in  the  Philippines  was  held  in  Manila  for  the  purpose 
of  reaching  some  understanding  as  to  territory,  and  to 
agree  upon  some  general  policy  of  work.  An  organiza- 
tion was  effected  to  be  known  as  the  Evangelical  Union 
of  the  Philippines.  They  agreed  upon  a  tentative  di- 
vision of  the  islands,  making  each  mission  responsible 
for  the  evangelization  of  the  people  within  its  territory. 
To  our  Church  were  given  three  provinces  in  the  north- 
western part  of  the  island  of  Luzon — I  locos  North,  I  locos 
South  and  La  Union,  having  a  population  of  450,000  all 
speaking  the  Ilocano  language. 


80 


Philippine  Islands  81 

Early  in  May,  1901,  our  missionaries  took  up  tem- 
porary headquarters  in  Vlgan,  Ilocos  South,  about  two 
hundred  miles  north  of  Manila.  A  house  was  rented 
and  they  began  the  study  of  Spanish.  Tracts  and  por- 
tions of  the  Scriptures  were  distributed  among  the 
people;  trips  were  made  into  different  parts  of  our  ter- 
ritory in  company  with  the  representative  of  the  Ameri- 
can Bible  Society;  gospel  meetings  were  conducted  for 
the  soldiers  stationed  at  Vigan.  Everywhere  they  met 
the  opposition  of  Catholicism. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  O.  Burtner  sailed  from  San  Fran- 
cisco, September  27,  1901.  Upon  their  arrival  in  Manila 
in  November,  they  went  at  once  to  Vigan,  spending 
about  two  months  in  investigating  our  territory,  re- 
turning to  Manila  for  the  meeting  of  the  Evangelical 
Union  held  January  8-12,  1902.  At  this  meeting  the  1902. 
provinces  of  Abra,  Bontoc  and  Lapanto  were  added  to 
our  mission  with  the  privilege  of  working  in  Manila, 
and  the  province  of  Benguet. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Burtner  located  in  Manila,  organized 
a  Bible  class,  and  conducted  evangelistic  services  among 
the  prisoners.  Because  of  sickness,  they  were  compelled 
to  leave  the  field,  sailing  from  Manila  January  16,  1904. 

On  account  of  unsettled  conditions  Mr.  Kurtz  re- 
signed from  our  mission  April  1,  1902,  to  accept  a  posi- 
tion with  the  army  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  Manila.  September  1, 
1902,  Mr.  Eby  began  work  in  the  same  Association,  but 
did  not  resign  from  our  mission  until  November  4,  1904. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W.  Widdoes  were  appointed  to 
the  Philippines  at  the  Board  meeting  of  1903.  They 
sailed  from  San  Francisco,  September  19,  1903.  Some 
time  was  spent  in  language  study  and  in  looking  over 
the  ground  in  Manila. 


1903. 


82  Tlie  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

The  force  of  missionaries  was  too  small  to  occupy 
the  territory  allotted  and  the  Methodists  asked  the 
Evangelical  Union  at  its  meeting  January  7-9,  1904,  to 
be  allowed  to  enter  any  territory  not  occupied  by  our 
Mission  and  agreed  to  respect  any  territory  which 
we  would  occup3%  both  having  equal  rights  in  the 
great  Cagayan  Valie}^  The  Trustees  decided  to  try 
to  occupy  La  Union  and  Ilocos  South. 

Mr.  "VViddoes,  preparatory  to  moving  into  the  pro- 
vince, decided  to  go  first  and  secure  a  good  location. 
He  went  by  rail  to  Dagupan,  and  while  waiting  there 
for  a  steamer  to  take  him  to  San  Fernando,  went  with 
a  colporteur  to  a  neighboring  fishing  village,  where  he 
found  a  ready  reception,  and  the  people  glad  to  buy 
portions  of  the  Scripture.  In  the  village  Mr.  Widdoes 
found  a  boy  of  fifteen  who  could  read.  He  gave  him 
the  Gospel  by  John  in  his  own  dialect,  and  turning  to 
John  3:16,  asked  him  to  read  it.  He  did  so  and  immedi- 
ately ran  into  the  house  to  get  money  to  buy  the 
book. 
Story  of  Gospel  There  is  an  interesting  history  connected  with  the 

early  translation  of  these  Gospels  which  the  missionaries 
were  distributing.  During  Spanish  times,  a  friar  sta- 
tioned in  this  province  in  some  way  came  into  possession 
of  a  Bible  which  he  studied,  and  was  converted.  He 
then  secretly  began  to  translate  the  Gospels  into  the 
native  dialect.  He  was  discovered  before  he  had  finished 
the  work  and  had  to  leave  the  islands ;  he  went  to  Spain 
and  completed  the  translation  of  the  Gospels  and  the 
'Acts.  He  then  returned  to  the  province  and  began  the 
distribution  of  these,  but  was  poisoned  soon  after  by 
the  other  friars,  and  the  good  work  stopped.  As  soon 
as  the  American   occupation   made  it   possible  for  the 


Translation. 


Philippine  Islands  83 

Bible  Societies  to  work  here,   they  began  distributing 
these  Gospels  which   had   cost   the   translator  his  life. 

After  waiting  several  days  and  no  boat  appearing, 
Mr.  Widdoes,  through  the  efforts  of  a  native  Christian, 
finally  hired  an  ox-cart,  and  started  overland  for  San 
Fernando,  making  the  journey  of  fifty  miles  in  twenty- 
three  hours.  This  gave  him  an  opportunity  to  see  the 
country  in  which  we  were  to  work. 

San  Fernando,  the  capital  of  Union  Province  and  an  Headquarters 
important  center,  was  decided  upon  as  a  strategic  point     ®^*<^**^- 
for  headquarters.     A  house  was  rented  and  Mr.  Widdoes 
moved  his  family  there  February  11,  1904,  and  at  once   1904. 
began  a  vigorous  campaign.     They  were  fairly  besieged 
with  visitors,  most  of  them  young  men,  asking  questions 
about  the  Bible.     Men  came  in   from   the   neighboring 
towns  to  secure  tracts  and  to  buy  Bibles.     A  Bible  class 
and  a  Sunday  school  were  formed,  the  high-school  pupils, 
with  their  knowledge  of  English,  giving  him  much  as- 
sistance. 

It  was  urged  by  some  of  our  workers  at  home  that  Discontinuance 
the  Association  discontinue  the  work  in  the  Philippines  conSdered 
and  concentrate  on  Africa  and  China.  This  question 
had  a  full  discussion  at  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Man- 
agers, held  in  Altoona,  Pennsylvania,  in  May,  1904.  The 
decision  of  the  matter  was  finally  left  to  the  Trustees  in 
consultation  with  the  Bishops.  The  advice  of  the  latter 
was  secured  at  once  and  heeded.  The  Trustees  gave 
much  time  and  thought  to  the  consideration  of  the  ques- 
tion. July  1  was  set  apart  for  prayer  and  on  that  day  a 
special  meeting  was  held  with  Mrs.  Rike  and  Mrs.  Marot 
present  as  advisory.  The  matter  was  finally  decided  July 
8,  the  vote  being  nearly  unanimous  in  favor  of  continu- 
ing the  work. 


^ 


Tlie  W'uiiian's  Missionary  Association 


fc^-^  -fiMSV..   •»•  n tNu,cl>„ 


Philippine  Islands  85 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  Marion  W.  Mumma  sailed  from  Missionary 
San  Francisco  October  13,  1904.  They  arrived  in  San  increased. 
Fernando  just  in  time  to  take  up  a  very  important  work 
among  the  native  teachers  of  the  province.  The  normal 
school  began  a  month's  session  November  28,  which  all 
the  native  teachers,  and  those  preparing  to  be  teachers, 
were  required  to  attend.  On  the  opening  day  of  the 
normal  school  session,  a  daily  class  in  Bible  study  was 
organized.  These  meetings  were  not  very  well  attended 
at  first,  but  increased  both  in  numbers  and  interest.  Many 
of  those  in  attendance  learned  the  names  of  the  books 
of  the  New  Testament,  verses  of  Scripture,  the  Lord's 
prayer  and  the  commandments.  This  was  especially 
remarkable  when  we  remember  that  many  had  never 
had  a  Bible  in  their  hands  before  the  meetings  began. 
A  number  of  the  students  were  converted. 

Since  the  force  of  missionaries  was  soon  to  be  in-  Province 
creased  the  province  was  districted — each  missionary 
and  his  wife  were  given  a  number  of  towns  and  outlying 
barrios.  During  several  months  of  the  year  they  gave 
special  training  to  the  Filipino  workers  in  their  district. 
Mr.  Widdoes  moved  to  Agoo  in  November,  1905,  and 
had  charge  of  the  southern  district.  The  basement  of 
their  house  was  fitted  up  for  meetings  and  Bible  classes. 
Mr.  Mumma  remained  in  San  Fernando  and  had  charge 
of  the  central  district. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  J.  Pace  sailed  from  Seattle,  Wash-  1905. 
ington,  November  5,  1905.  Shortly  after  their  arrival 
Mr.  Pace  in  company  with  the  other  missionaries  and 
some  of  the  boys  from  the  training  school  made  a  number 
of  visits  to  the  towns  in  the  northern  district,  preaching 
in  the  markets  and  in  the  homes  of  friends,  selling  Gos- 
pels  and   Testaments,   and   distributing   tracts.     The^e 


86 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


trips  were  attended  with  considerable  interest  on  the 
part  of  the  people  and  laid  the  foundation  of  our  work 
in  this  part  of  the  province.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pace  moved 
to  Balaoan,  the  headquarters  of  the  North  District. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  B.  M.  Piatt  sailed  January  4,  1906. 
With  the  help  of  an  interpreter,  a  dispensary  was  opened 
in  San  Fernando.  During  the  last  few  months  of  his 
stay  on  the  field,  in  addition  to  his  dispensary  work,  he 
made  regular  visits  to  the  stations  where  our  mission- 
aries were  located.  Through  his  ministrations  prejudice 
was  removed  and  many  places  were  opened  to  the  gospel. 
Not  being  willing  to  take  the  examination  required  by 
the  government,  in  order  that  he  could  charge  a  fee  for 
his  services,  he  resigned  from  the  work,  June  12,  1907. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  A.  B.  DeRoos  sailed  July  19,  1906. 
Mr.  DeRoos  served  as  pastor  of  our  church  at  San  Fer- 
nando and  did  special  evangelistic  work.  He  held 
market  meetings  and  distributed  tracts  among  the 
Spanish-speaking  people  among  whom  his  influence  is 
still  felt.     He  resigned  October  19,   1907. 

Rev.  S.  B.  Kurtz,  one  of  our  first  missionaries  to 
the  Philippines,  was  married  to  Miss  Lily  M.  Stanley  at 
Shoals,  Indiana,  September  12,  1906.  They  sailed  from 
Vancouver,  B.  C,  December  5.  On  arriving  in  the 
Philippines  Mr.  Kurtz  took  charge  of  the  southern  dis- 
trict, with  headquarters  at  Agoo.  Mr.  Widdoes  moved 
to  Baoang  to  more  fully  develop  the  work  there. 

During  the  year  more  than  a  hundred  converts  were 
baptized.  Several  trips  were  made  to  the  Igorrotes  of  the 
province  and  the  sub-province  adjoining. 

In  1907  the  territory  was  increased  by  the  addition 
of  the  sub-province  of  Amburayan  which  lies  to  the  east 
and  north  of  Union  Province.     Our  mission  had  been 


Philippine  Islands  87 

working  in  the  southern  part  of  this  province.  That  the 
United  Brethren  might  have  full  control  of  Amburayan, 
the  Methodists,  who  had  been  working  at  Tagiidin,  the 
capital  of  the  province,  turned  over  their  work  and  a 
congregation  of  thirty  members.  This  added  a  popula- 
tion of  25,000  to  our  mission,  about  10,000  of  whom  are 
Ilocanos;  the  remainder  are  Igorrotes,  a  few  of  whom 
have  been  received  into  the  Catholic  church;  the  others 
v^ary  from  those  who  have  been  affected  by  the  higher 
civilization  of  the  Ilocanos,  to  the  rude  tribes  of  the  in- 
terior mountains.  Four  new  congregations  were  or- 
ganized among  these  Igorrotes  during  190S.  In  Benguet 
province  there  are  about  10,000  more  Igorrotes  whose  con- 
dition is  about  the  same  as  the  people  of  Amburayan, 
and  who  are  best  reached  from  Union  Province.  We 
are  responsible  therefore  for  about  175,000  people,  since 
this  territory  has  been  turned  over  to  us,  no  other  de- 
nomination having   work  in  these  provinces. 

Early  in   190S  our  missionaries  were  helped  b}'  a  i908. 
visit  from  Bishop  J.   S.  Mills.     All  the  churches  and  the  visit, 
principal'  towns  were  visited  and  everywhere  he  was  re- 
ceived most  cordially. 

At  the  time  of  the  Bishop's  visit  there  were  twelve  Conference 
organized  churches,  with  about  500  members.  The 
Philippine  Conference  was  organized  February  14, 
1908,  with  nine  members,  the  four  missionaries,  and 
five  native  pastors  —  Juan  Abellera,  Eleno  Ignacio, 
Justo  Viloria,  Timoteo  Fontanilla,  and  Carlos  Maglaya. 
These  five  native  workers  were  granted  license  as  annual 
conference  preachers  and  Juan  Abellera  was  ordained 
as  an  elder.  The  conference  was  divided  into  four 
quarterly  conference  districts  and  Rev.  H.  W.  Widdoes 
was  elected  presiding  elder.     A  course  of  study  was  ar- 


88  The  Woman's  Missionary  x\ssociation 

ranged  and  some  formulas  of  worship  adopted.  The 
ordination  of  Mr.  Abellera  has  proven  to  be  an  event 
of  special  moment  in  the  history  of  the  mission,  for  it 
was  the  fulfillment  of  the  promises  of  the  missionaries 
that  the  church  was  to  be  for  the  Filipinos,  of  the  Fili- 
pinos, and  by  the  Filipinos  as  rapidly  as  they  were  pre- 
pared to  take  up  the  burden  of  its  direction  and  support. 

Church  Erection  t>,        ^.,.     .  i  i.  i_  j    a_i-    • 

Society  1  he  i^  ilipmo  churches  nave  assumed  their  current 

rganize  .  cxpenscs  and  have  contributed  more  or  less  generously 

toward  the  erection  of  their  own  chapels,  but  in  order 
to  promote  a  spirit  of  helpfulness  to  others,  a  Church 
Erection  Society  was  organized  at  the  annual  conference 
in  1909.  A  constitution  and  by-laws  were  framed  and 
officers  elected.  The  Board  of  Directors  consists  of  five 
laymen  and  two  native  pastors,  (the  missionaries  serv- 
ing ex-officio,)  who  have  power  to  receive  funds  and  ex- 
tend loans  to  the  churches  needing  and  desiring  help. 
Each  pastor  is  expected  to  take  up  one  collection  every 
quarter  in  each  church  on  his  charge,  and  when  a  sufficient 
sum  is  realized  it  is  to  be  loaned  to  some  congregation  to 
assist  them  in  building  a  chapel.  This  has  been  pre- 
sented as  a  privilege  and  an  opportunity  for  our  mem- 
bers to  show  their  loyalty  to  the  gospel  and  their  love 
for  Christ. 

After  the  departure  of  Dr.  Piatt,  the  people  con- 
tinued to  come  to  the  missionaries  for  medical  aid.  Dur- 
ing the  cholera  epidemic  in  the  summer  of  1908,  the 
missionaries  could  not  do  aggressive  evangelistic  work, 
and  gave  themselves  to  the  work  of  relieving  the  needs  of 
the  people,  treating  some  2,000  cases,  many  of  them 
being  cholera  patients. 

Mr.  Mumma  had  been  asked  by  the  American 
Bible  Society  to  read  the  proof  of  the  Ilocano  Old  Testa- 


Philippine  Islands  89 

ment  which  was  being  published  in  Japan,  and,  since  Mrs. 
Mumma  had  not  been  well  for  some  time,  it  was  hoped 
that  a  trip  to  Japan  would  be  of  benefit  to  her.  They 
went  in  August,  but  after  about  six  weeks'  stay  she  was 
ordered  home  by  the  physician,  arriving  in  the  United 
States  October  29,  1908.  Mr.  Mumma  remained  in 
Japan  until  January,  1909,  when  he  returned  to  the  i9Sf. 
Philippines  for  the  annual  conference.  He  again  went 
to  Japan  in  April  to  finish  reading  the  proof — then  came 
home  for  his  furlough,  arriving  in  the  United  States 
May  26. 

The  second  annual  conference  met  at  Cava,  Febru- 
ary 9,  1909.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Widdoes  were  leaving  for 
America  in  the  spring  on  furlough,  and  it  was  decided 
that  Mr.  Kurtz  and  Mr.  Pace  and  their  families  should 
move  to  San  Fernando  and  direct  the  work  from  there. 
The  work  was  divided  into  two  districts;  Rev.  S.  B. 
Kurtz  was  elected  presiding  elder  of  the  southern  dis- 
trict and  Rev.  E.  J.  Pace  of  the  northern.  Filipino 
pastors  were  placed  in  charge  of  the  work  at  the  various 
stations. 

The  first  successful  Sunday  school  was  organized  at  First  Sunday 
San  Juan  in  1906,  under  the  personal  direction  of  Mr.  organized, 
and  Mrs.  Mumma.  Near  the  close  of  1907  more  exten- 
sive plans  were  made  and  Sunday-school  literature  pre- 
pared. The  work  developed  rapidly  and  there  are  now 
Sunday  schools  in  all  the  churches  but  two.  Junior 
and  Senior  Christian  Endeavor  societies  are  also  a  part 
of  the  organized  work. 

The  missionary's  wife  conducts  Bible  classes  for 
the  women  and  children,  makes  house-to-house  visits, 
cares  for  the  sick,  and  teaches  the  Filipino  mother  how 
to  care  for  her  children.     Young  women  are  taken  into 


90 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Old  Testament 
Translated 
and  Published. 


the  homes  of  the  missionaries,  where  they  are  taught  to 
cook  and  to  sew,  and  are  given  daily  Bible  instruction. 

From  the  beginning  the  missionaries  have  tried 
to  emphasize  the  individual  responsibility  of  converts 
to  extend  the  Kingdom.  iVs  a  result  of  the  emphasis 
laid  upon  this  phase  of  Christian  living,  there  are  now  a 
number  of  volunteer  workers  who  conduct,  regularly, 
services  in  their  own  homes  or  in  the  usual  meeting  places, 
without  receiving  any  remuneration.  These  workers 
are  encouraged  by  being  permitted  to  sell  the  Scriptures 
and  tracts  on  the  percentage  plan,  and  when  they  attend 
the  Bible  Institute  a  small  allowance  is  given  them  to 
aid  in  the  purchase  of  food,  while  the  pastors  receiving 
a  regular  salary  are  not  allowed  any  percentage  on  sales 
and  must  support  themselves  entirely  during  the  In- 
stitute. This  volunteer  phase  has  been  one  of  the  secrets 
of  the  rapid  growth  of  the  work  in  this  mission. 

The  Filipinos  are  fond  of  music  and  enjoy  singing 
gospel  songs.  From  time  to  time  English  hymns  have 
been  translated  by  missionaries  and  Filipino  workers 
into  the  Ilocano.  In  February,  1908,  a  word  edition  of 
an  Ilocano  Hymnal  with  181  hymns  was  published 
jointly  by  the  Methodist  Episcopal,  Christian,  and  United 
Brethren  Missions  and  is  the  one  hymnal  now  in  use  all 
over  the  Ilocano  territory.  An  edition  with  the  music 
h  now  being  printed  in  Tokyo,  Japan,  and  will  probably 
be  ready  for  use  by  the  summ.er  of  1910. 

When  the  missionaries  first  arrived  on  the  field  they 
found  that  the  Bible  Societies  had  the  New  Testament 
published  in  the  Ilocano.  For  several  years  the  mis- 
sionaries of  the  Methodist  Episcopal,  Christian,  and  Unit- 
ed Brethren  Missions  working  among  the  Ilocano  people 
have   been   busy  directing   the   translation   of   the   Old 


Philippine  Islands  91 

Testament.  This  work  has  been  under  the  supervision 
of  the  American  Bible  Society,  whose  agent  chose  Mr. 
Mumma  to  read  and  correct  the  manuscript  and  super- 
vise the  printing  in  Japan.  In  August,  1909,  the  com- 
pleted Old  Testament  in  Ilocano,  was  first  offered  for 
sale.  The  people,  as  a  rule,  receive  the  Scriptures  with 
?:reat  joy,  and  for  several  years  previous  to  the  appearance 
of  the  Old  Testament,  had  made  frequent  inquiries  con- 
cerning it.  It  is  not  unusual  to  hear  testimonies  like  the 
following:  "It  is  not  the  work  of  the  Americano  that  has 
made  me  accept  the  new  religion,  but  the  reading  of  the 
Book!"  "I  am  not  following  the  religion  of  the  Ameri- 
cano, but  the  teaching  of  Jesus  Christ  as  written  in  the 
Sacred  Word."  The  New  Testament  sells  in  paper  back 
for  10  cents,  in  cloth  covered  board  for  20  cents;  the 
Old  Testament  also  sells  for  20  cents. 

In  September,  1905,  our  mission  began  the  pul)-  Weekly  p^ 
lication  of  the  ''Dagiti  Naimbag  a  Damag"  (Good  News), 
probably  the  first  weekly  paper  in  Ilocano.  Many  of 
the  people  could  read  but  they  had  practically  no  litera- 
ture and  no  newspapers  or  books.  This  four  page  week- 
ly furnishes  such  world  news  as  will  interest  the  average 
reader  among  the  people,  editorial  items  relating  to 
the  progress  of  the  work  in  the  field,  serial  articles  upon 
such  subjects  as  the  reformation,  important  doctrines, 
etc.  An  instructive  and  practical  exposition  of  the  Sun- 
day-school lesson  is  given,  which  is  used  with  good  effect 
by  Sunday  schools  of  other  missions.  A  part  of  the 
paper  is  given  each  week  to  lessons  for  the  Junior  socie- 
cties.  These  several  departments  of  the  paper  have  their 
permanent  place  upon  the  pages,  with  nicely  designed 
headings,  and  the  people  look  with  eagerness  for  what 
is  of  special  help  and  interest  to  them.     The  subscription 


Published. 


92 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Prl«ti«g  Press 
Installed. 


First  Message 
from  the  Press. 


price  is  twenty-five  cents  per  year,  and  while  the  amount 
received  has  not  been  sufficient  to  pay  the  cost  of  printing, 
it  has  been  a  paying  investment,  as  the  testimonies  of 
the  many  who  have  been  reached  by  it,  are  proof.  In 
less  than  five  years  the  subscription  list  is  over  1,000,  and 
it  is  sent  into  fourteen  difi^erent  provinces.  It  not  only 
goes  into  the  homes  of  the  subscribers  but  is  often  read 
by  several  families  jointly,  those  not  knowing  how  to 
read,  gathering  about  one  who  reads  aloud  to  them.  It 
has  also  been  the  policy  of  the  mission  to  print  thousands 
of  copies  of  special  articles  in  tract  form  for  free  distri- 
bution. 

A  printing-press  with  outfit  was  sent  to  the  field 
in  the  fall  of  1908.  It  arrived  in  San  Fernando  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1909,  and  has  been  put  into  operation  on  the  lower 
floor  of  the  mission  house,  and  so  far  has  more  than  ful- 
filled the  expectations  of  the  missionaries  in  the  increased 
efficiency  of  this  very  important  part  of  mission  work, 
and  also  in  the  greatly  reduced  expense.  Previous  to 
this  time  the  paper  had  been  published  by  the  Methodist 
Publishing  House  in  Manila.  The  first  work  of  the 
press  was  the  following  message  to  the  Trustees: 

"To  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  W.  M.  A.,  Dayton,  O. : 

''Your  missionaries  in  the  Philippines  think  fitting 
that  the  first  imprint  upon  the  new  mission-press  should 
be  a  message  of  greeting  to  you.  Accordingly  we  hereby 
extend  to  you  and  all  the  donors  to  the  press  our  greet- 
ings and  sincere  thanks  for  the  handsome  equipment 
that  is  now  ours  to  help  propagate  the  Gospel  in  these 
islands.  We  are  more  than  satisfied  with  w^hat  you  have 
sent  us,  and  we  hereby  dedicate  it  to  the  glory  of  God 
and  the  enlightenment  of  these  people,  praying  Him 
that  the  le-aves  that  go  forth  from  its  forms  may  indeed 


Philippine  Islands  93 

b<^  leaves  of  healing  to  the  sin-sick  and  wretched  people 
among  whom  we  labor.  We  believe  that  this  is  a  step 
in  advance,  and  the  expense  involved  is  more  than  justi- 
fied by  the  greatly  increased  efficiency  that  will  result 
to  our  work. 

"We  are  sincerely  yours  for  service, 

Sanford  B.  Kurtz, 

Marion  W.  Mum.ma, 

Ernest  J.  Pace. 
"San  Fernando,  La  Union,  P.  I. 
"March  20,  1909." 
The  new  printing  plant,  during  the  first  four  months 
of  its  operation  turned  out  nearly  200,000  pages  of  printed 
matter. 

In  the  beginning  all  instruction  was  given  to  the 
workers  by  private  lessons  and  weekly  Bible  classes. 
The  first  Bible  Institute  was  held  in  May,  1905,  when  First  Bible 
seventeen  young  men,  most  of  whom  understood  Eng- 
lish fairly  well,  gathered  in  San  Fernando  for  a  month's 
instruction  in  the  Bible,  Church  History,  and  Doctrine. 
In  October  of  the  same  year  occurred  the  first  of  a  series 
of  seven  workers'  conferences  for  the  study  of  the  Scrip- 
tures and  methods  of  work.  They  were  held  every 
three  months,  and  lasted  from  four  days  to  a  week. 
Nine  were  present  at  the  first  conference,  while  the  later 
ones  had  an  average  attendance  of  fifty. 

In  October  and  November,  1907,  a  second  Bible  In- 
stitute was  held  in  San  Fernando  for  a  term  of  six  weeks, 
and  it  was  agreed  to  make  the  institute  plan  a  permanent 
feature  of  the  work.  Instruction  is  given  entirely  in 
llocano,  and  the  work  is  now  graded  and  co-ordinated 
with   the   Preacher's  Reading  Courses  as  prescribed  in 


Institute. 


94  Ihe  Woman's  Alissionary  Association 

the  Discipline,  changed  to  meet  the  needs  and  conditions 
of  the  field. 

Baeuio.  About  twenty  miles  back  in  the  mountains  from  San 

Fernando  lies  the  city  of  Baguio,  the  capital  of  Benguet 
Province  and  the  summer  capital  for  the  Islands.  Dur- 
ing the  hottest  season  of  the  year,  the  higher  government 
officials  remove  to  this  place  to  conduct  their  business. 
From  time  to  time  since  the  beginning  of  our  work  in 
the  islands,  our  missionaries  have  gone  to  Baguio,  w^hich 
is  5,000  feet  above  the  sea  level,  for  rest  and  have  found 
the  cool,  pine  scented  air  very  refreshing.  A  lot,  cen- 
trally located  and  amidst  beautiful  mountain  scenery,  has 
been  purchased  by  the  mission  for  $125.  It  is  the  pur- 
pose to  erect  a  comfortable  rest  home  here,  as  soon  as 
funds  are  available. 

Railroad.  ,  The  railroad  from  Manila  is  gradually  being  extend- 

ed northward.  In  July,  1909,  trains  were  running  to 
Aringay,  sixteen  miles  south  of  San  Fernando  and  will 
probably  reach  San  Fernando  in  the  summer  of  1910. 
The  coming  of  the  railroad  makes  possible  a  daily,  in- 
stead of  a  weekly  mail. 

In  the  beginning  of  our  work  the  cemetery  at  Cava 
was  the  only  one  in  the  province  that  was  not  controlled 
by  the  Roman  Church.  The  right  of  burial  was  denied 
to  our  members  by  the  priests,  and  none  but  the  most 
courageous  would  leave  the  Roman  Church  and  join 
us  when  they  knew  that  they  would  be  humiliated  and 
persecuted,  and  in  the  end  denied  a  place  of  burial.  As 
the  health  department  prohibited  burial  elsewhere  than 
in  a  legally  established  cemetery,  one  and  a  half  acres  of 
ground  were  purchased  in  San  Fernando  in  1907  for  this 
purpose.      The    missionaries    have    since    succeeded    in 


Philippine  Islands  95 

having   the   municipal   authorities  estabhsh    cemeteries 
In  the  other  towns. 

San  Fernando,  the  headquarters  of  our  mission  and   san  Fernando, 
the  capital  of  the  province,  is  centrally  located.    Here  are 
the  high  and  the  trade  schools,  and  the  pupils  who  come 
from  all  parts  of  the  province  know  English  quite  well. 

On  account  of  high  rents  and  unsatisfactory  houses,   Mission 
plans  were  made  to  build  a  mission  residence.     A  fine  lulit.^"'^* 
lot  was  secured  in  May,  1904,  at  a  cost  of  $250  and  the 
mission  house  was  completed  b)^  the  close  of  the  year 
at  a  cost  of  $1,078.50.     December  24,  1904,  a  church  was  or^lnf^^T^ 
organized  with  five  members.     The  chapel  in  the  lower 
story  of  the  mission  house  was  dedicated  on  December  25. 

San  Fernando  is  a  difficult  place  in  which  to  work, 
and  progress  has  been  slow.  Many  of  the  congregation 
are  students  from  other  parts  of  the  province,  but  some 
of  the  best  people  of  the  town  are  members  of  the  church. 

That  confidence  might  be  inspired  and  strength  and 
stability  given  to  the  work,  about  $5,000  was  raised  for 
the  building  of  a  substantial  church.  After  some  diffi- 
culty and  delay,  a  lot  was  purchased  in  the  fall  of  1908,  securid.^°* 
containing  five-sevenths  of  an  acre  with  a  frontage  of  12() 
feet,  at  a  cost  of  $750.  It  is  on  the  main  highway  that 
leads  from  Manila  to  the  north  end  of  the  island.  It 
Is  one  block  from  the  public  plaza  and  100  feet  from  the 
mission  residence.  The  church  is  now  in  process  of 
erection.  The  bamboo  building  which  was  on  the  lot 
was  torn  down  and  rebuilt  in  the  rear,  and  will  be  used 
as  a  dormitory  for  girls. 

Through  the  efforts  of  the  postmaster  at  San  Fer- 
nando an  invitation  was  secured  in  1904  to  visit  Cava, 
a  town  of  4,000,  thirteen  miles  south  of  San  Fernando. 
The  agent  of  the  Bible  society  had  sold  many  Bibles 


Cava. 


96  Tlie  Woman's  Alissionary  Association 

there,  and  the  people  manifested  much  interest.  Here 
on  Easter  Sunday,  April  3,  1904,  the  first  church  in 
Union  Province  was  organized  with  eighteen  members. 
A  lot  was  purchased  for  a  chapel  at  a  cost  of  $82.50. 
Regular  trips  were  made  to  Cava,  but  as  all  the  work 
had  to  be  conducted  through  such  interpreters  as  could 
be  found,  little  progress  was  made.  Persecutions  fol- 
lowed but  most  of  the  little  band  remained  faithful. 
While  the  organization  itself  did  not  increase  rapidly 
in  numbers,  its  influence  was  far-reaching.  Members 
of  the  church  carried  the  news  to  many  different  towns, 
and  four  of  our  present  force  of  Filipino  pastors  have 
come  from  this  church.  A  chapel  was  built  and  dedi- 
cated in  May,  1906.  The  mission  appropriated  $50, 
the  people  furnishing  material  and  labor.  A  Sunday 
school  was  also  organized  during  this  year.  Over  one 
hundred  members  were  received  into  the  church  during 
1908.  Early  in  1909,  Mrs.  Abellera  organized  a  Junior 
Society,  the  first  to  be  organized  and  conducted  by  a 
Filipino.  It  has  a  large  membership  and  is  doing  excel- 
lent work. 
jua«.  In  January,  1905,  work  wa5  begun  in  the  barrios  of 

San  Juan.  (A  barrio  is  one  of  the  many  villages  which 
with  the  principal  town  compose  the  municipality.) 
>  February  18,  the  first  converts  at  Cacafian  were  baptized, 
and  on  February  25,  a  church  was  organized.  The  mem- 
bers chose  a  committee  from  among  their  number  to 
superintend  the  erecting  of  a  chapel.  By  June  1,  the 
membership  in  this  church  had  increased  to  an  even 
hundred.  In  conducting  this  work,  high  school  stu- 
dents who  had  become  members  of  the  San  Fernando 
church  voluntarily  accompanied  Mr.  Mumma,  acting  as 
helpers  and  interpreters. 


Philippine  Islands  97 

Through  the  influence  of  the  "presidente"  an  upper  first  Chapoi 
room  was  secured  in  the  central  town  and  on  July  8  ser-  ^®*^*<^****^- 
vices  were  begun.  The  "presidente"  became  an  attend- 
ant and  many  who  at  first  had  been  enemies  afterwards 
came  regularly  to  the  services.  One  of  the  principal 
men  of  the  town  was  converted,  joined  the  church,  and 
as  a  result  of  his  active  work  several  families  were  added 
to  the  seeker's  class  and  the  interest  grew  until  the  room 
was  crowded  to  overflowing.  February  25,  1907,  the 
first  chapel  in  the  central  town  was  dedicated.  The 
chapel  is  30x40  feet,  is  built  of  bamboo  with  a  strong 
frame, 'furnished  with  a  good  pulpit,  has  a  seating  capac- 
ity of  about  200,  and  cost  $225.  Since  they  have  their 
chapel  there  has  been  a  marked  increase  in  interest  and 
attendance.  The  members  contributed  liberally  toward 
the  erection  of  the  chapel,  the  mission  appropriating  only 
SIOO.  This  chapel  was  destroyed  by  typhoon  in  1908 
and  plans  have  been  made  for  its  rebuilding. 

In  response  to  many  urgent  invitations  the  mountain  Tubao. 
town  of  Tubao  was  visited  in  December,  1904,  and  again 
in  January,  1905.  Some  interest  had  already  been  awak- 
ened. In  April,  1905,  a  church  was  organized  with  seven 
members.  A  regular  storm  of  persecution  followed,  but 
these  seven  stood  firm,  though  no  new  members  were 
gained  during  the  year. 

In  1907  the  people,  while  but  few  in  number,  deter- 
mined to  build  a  chapel.  The  members  gave  all  the 
materials  and  most  of  the  work,  the  mission  appropriat- 
ing $17.50.  The  chapel,  which  will  seat  100,  was  com- 
pleted in  fifteen  days,  and  was  dedicated.  The  congre- 
gation has  developed  •  self-reliance  and  maintained  its 
own  services  with  local  preachers. 


98  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

Work  Spreads  Mr.  WidcloGs  and  Mr.  Kurtz,  on  one  of  their  visits 

to  igorrotes.  ^^  ^^^  Igorotcs,  foiuid  that  a  little  chapel  had  been  built 

at  Ambangonam  which  they  dedicated.  Originally 
this  watf  a  part  of  the  Tubao  church  but  they  have  devel- 
oped their  own  local  leaders  and  are  now  carrying  on 
their  ow^n  work.  The  president  of  the  barrio  also  wanted 
ground  consecrated  for  a  cemetery,  which  was  an  advance 
step  for  the  Igorotes,  as  they  have  been  accustomed  to 
bury  their  dead  under  their  houses. 

Ba»ang.  Baoaug  was  visited  by  the  missionaries  in  1905,  and 

in  spite  of  persecution  an  organization  of  nineteen  pro- 
bationary members  was  effected  bv  the  close  of  the  year. 
Very  little  progress  was  made  until  1907,  when  Mr.  Wid- 
does  moved  there  and  work  was  begun  in  the  central 
town.  Through  Bible  classes  a  number  have  been  con- 
verted and  brought  into  the  church  and  the  membership 
almost  doubled  in  190S. 

Work  was  begun  in  Bangar  in  1905  and  the  mission- 

Bangar.  arics  wcrc  heartily  received.     While  it  is  a  notoriously- 

wicked  town  m-any  people  have  become  interested  in 
the  gospel.  A  church  was  organized  April,  1906. 
Meetings  were  held  in  the  home  of  Silvano  Vergara,  the 
leading  member  and  most  outspoken  supporter.  He  is 
more  than  fifty  years  of  age  and  has  considerable  in- 
fluence in  his  part  of  the  country.  He  walked  the  twenty- 
five  miles  from  Bangar  to  San  Fernando  in  one  night, 
to  be  on  time  for  the  first  meeting  of  one  of  the  workers' 
conferences.  He  thoroughly  enjoyed  the  meetings,  and 
seemed  to  appreciate  most  of  all  the  lessons  on  Bible 
doctrine.  At  one  of  these  meetings  he  said  that  some 
years  ago  he  had  gotten  hold  of  a  pamphlet  in  which 
reference  to  the  Bible  was  made,  stating  that  in  it  was 
revealed  the  way  of  God.     He  at  once  prayed  to  God 


Philippine  Islands  99 

that  some  day  he  might  see  a  Bible,  or,  better  yet,  own 
one  for  himself.  He  had  prayed  to  the  saints  and  to 
the  Virgin  times  without  number  but  without  finding 
rest  of  soul.  One  day  he  came  into  possession  of  a  Spanish 
Bible  which  a  relative  of  his,  a  priest,  had  left,  and  he 
read  it  until  the  light  of  the  truth  began  to  dawn  upon 
him;  when,  to  use  his  own  words,  "his  heart  flew  right 
open."  Then  the  missionaries  came  and  declared  to 
him  the  way  more  perfectly  and  now  he  rejoices  in  the 
assurance  of  a  present  salvation.  In  1908  a  chapel 
which  was  almost  completed  was  destroyed  by  a  typhoon. 

In  1905  Balaoan  was  first  visited,  and  in  June  of  the  B^^iaoan. 
following  year  a  church  was  organized  with  six  members. 
Services  were  held  in  the  home  of  the  missionary  and 
thirteen  members  were  added  during  the  year.  A  neat 
and  attractive  chapel  was  built  with  nipa  palm  roof  at  a 
cost  of  $400,  the  members  furnishing  the  roof  and  help- 
ing to  pay  tiie  carpenters.  It  was  dedicated  by  Bishop 
Mills  in  February,  1908.  Since  1908  the  Filipino  pastors 
have  conducted  the  regular  services  and  have  extended 
the  work  into  the  barrios. 

The  missionaries  visited  Santo  Tomas  in  1905,  but  Santo  Xomas. 
the  first  effective  work  was  done  by  Juan  Abellera  in 
1906,  when  he  organized  a  Bible  class  and  also  solicited 
subscriptions  for  the  "Naimbag  a  Damag."  A  church 
was  organized  in  November,  1906.  The  services  were 
held  in  the  homes  of  the  members,  but  they  now  have 
plans  for  a  small  chapel.  The  congregation  is  not  large, 
and  there  is  a  great  deal  of  opposition  by  prominent 
men  of  the  town. 

Mr.  Widdoes  moved  to  Agoo  in  the  fall  of  1905.   Agoo. 
The  basement  of  the  mission  house  was  fitted  up  for 
meetings  and  Bible  classes.     In  addition  to  the  regular 


100 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Sunday  services,  an  English  Bible  class  of  ten  young 
men  was  organized.  A  church  was  organized  in  De- 
cember, 1906.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kurtz  have  made  their  home 
in  Agoo  from  the  time  of  their  arrival  on  the  field  until 
early  in  1909,  when  they  moved  to  San  Fernando.  There 
has  been  a  steady  gain  in  membership.  A  lot,  large 
enough  for  church  and  parsonage,  has  been  secured  in 
a  good  location  at  a  cost  of  $55,  and  a  neat  substantial 
church  is  being  built. 

In  April,  1904,  the  town  of  Bacnotan,  ten  miles  north 
of  San  Fernando,  was  visited.  The  leading  men  of  the 
town  were  interviewed  and  arrangements  made  for  a 
meeting.  On  the  second  visit  it  was  found  that  a  service 
had  been  arranged  for  Sunday  morning,  but  as  no  one 
came  some  personal  work  was  done,  tracts  were  scattered 
through  the  town,  and  at  the  afternoon  meeting  nearly 
forty  people  were  present,  who  kept  Mr.  Widdoes  an- 
swering questions  for  about  two  hours. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mumma  moved  to  Bacnotan  in  No- 
vember 1906,  practically  opening  the  work  by  their 
residence  there.  They  organized  a  Sunday  school  and 
Senior  and  Junior  Christian  Endeavor  societies.  The 
membership  of  the  church  doubled  during  1908,  and  a 
good  lot  has  been  purchased  for  a  chapel.  During  the 
absence  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Mumma  the  local  preachers 
extended  the  work  into  the  barrios,  and  substantial  gains 
were  made  in  membership. 

In  April,  1908,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pace  moved  to  Tagudin 
which  occupies  a  strategic  position  just  beyond  the 
mouth  of  the  Amburayan  river.  Being  the  capital  of 
the  Igorrote  sub-province,  it  is  the  Mecca  for  all  the  in- 
habitants of  the  mountains  of  Amburayan,  who  come  with 


First  Mission 
Conference,  1908 


Mission  Headquarters 
San  Fernando 


'^«f  f  fe-' 


^rfmmv^'^i 


W^""-      K\,-.ai 


'J^^^LJK^St^' 


Igorrote  Congregation,  Tubao 


Workers'  Bible   Conference 


Junior  Christian  Endeavor  Society,  Cava 


Philippine  Islands 


101 


Nas;uilian. 


packs  on  their  backs  to  trade  with  the  coast  people,  or 
to  confer  with  the  American  governor. 

The  little  congregation  had  been  worshiping  in  a 
small  bamboo  chapel  which  has  since  been  destroyed  by 
a  typhoon.  A  substantial  stone  church  was  built  and 
dedicated  at  the  conference  of  1910  which  was  held  in 
the  new  church.  The  Woman's  Missionary  Society  of 
Canton,  Ohio,  contributed  $400  toward  this  church  in 
addition  to  their  other  pledges,  and  it  is  named  the 
"Canton,  Ohio,  Memorial  Church."  Among  the  members 
are  representatives  of  the  best  families  in  the  town. 
They  have  been  severely  persecuted,  being  ridiculed  and 
jeered;  stoned  and  reported  to  the  government  as  revo- 
lutionists; but  with  few  exceptions  they  have  remained 
steadfast  and  faithful. 

This  was  the  last  large  town  in  the  central  district 
reached  by  the  missionaries.  The  church  was  organized 
with  ten  members  in  December,  1908.  Within  six 
months  the  membership  had  increased  to  sixty.  These 
first  members  are  farmers  who  have  already  planned  to 
build  a  chapel. 

Aringay  was  first  visited  in  1905  and  services  held 
for  a  few  months,  when,  because  of  the  pressure  of  other  '^""^^y- 
work,  and  the  fierce  opposition  the  work  was  discontinued, 
but  was  resumed  in  1908,  resulting  in  the  organization 
of  a  class  early  in  1909.  This  had  been  one  of  the  hard 
points  and  its  occupancy  opens  all  the  large  towns  in 
the  southern  part  of  the  province. 

Alilem  is  an  old  center  among  the  Igorrotes  back  in   Aiiiem. 

•  the  hills  from  Bangar  and  Balaoan.     It  was  visited  first 

in   1905  and  Bibles  sold.     The  missionaries  continued 

their  visits  at  irregular  intervals  until  1908,  when  a  class 

was  organized,  Juan  Zediu,  the  leading  man  of  all  that 


102  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

country  being  the  first  convert.  About  him  grew  up 
the  Ahlem  Church. 

Rosario.  Rosario  and  its  barrios  were  first  visited  in  1906. 

While  there  is  no  organized  church,  the  interest  has  in- 
creased and  regular  work  has  been  carried  on  since  early 
in  1909. 

Luna.  Luna  was  visited  by  the  missionaries  in  1905  and 

1900.  They  preached  in  the  market  and  sold  some 
Bibles.  In  1907  Mr.  Pace  was  asked  to  conduct  a  Bible 
class  for  English  speaking  boys  but  on  his  arrival  in  the 
town,  no  home  was"  open  to  him  and  therefore  no  class 
was  started.  A  year  or  two  previous  to  the  American 
occupation,  thousands  of  Filipinos  had  made  a  pilgrimage 
to  the  town  to  see  a  wonder-working  image  perform 
miracles  of  healing,  and  a  few  years  later  on  the  plaza 
of  this  same  town  a  pile  of  Bibles  was  publicly  burned 
by  the  priest.  The  work  of  the  American  teachers  has 
helped  to  break  down  hostility  and  in  1908  our  Filipino 
workers  began  holding  services  in  the  barrios,  and  early 
in  1909  the  interest  was  increasing  and  the  prospects 
encouraging. 

Summary.  To  Carry  ou  the  work  in   the  Philippines  we  had  in 

the  spring  of  1909,  eight  American  missionaries  and  nine 
Filipino  pastors.  At  the  conference  that  year  there 
were  reported  nineteen  organized  churches,  forty-nine 
regular  preaching  places,  851  communicant  members, 
4,000  adherents,  eleven  Sunday  schools  with  a  member- 
ship of  467,  five  Junior  and  Senior  Christian  Endeavor 
Societies.     The  total  value  of  property  was  $4,691.00. 


CO-OPERATION 


At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  at 
Anderson,  Indiana,  in  May,  1908,  a  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  consider  co-operation  with  the  Foreign  Mis- 
sionary Society  throughout  our  whole  territory  in  Africa. 
The  year  following,  before  this  committee  had  a  meeting, 
the  Bishops  called  a  meeting  of  a  commission  composed 
of  representatives  of  all  the  departments  of  the  Church 
for  the  purpose  of  considering  how  they  could  so  corre- 
late the  various  interests  as  to  make  the  whole  work  of 
the  Church  more  effective.  Out  of  this  grew  the  ques- 
tion as  to  whether  there  could  be  brought  about  a 
greater  unity  and  a  closer  co-operation  between  the 
missionary   boards   of   the  Church. 

The  work  in  the  three  fields  operated  by  our  Asso- 
ciation, Africa,  China,  and  the  Philippine  Islands,  had 
grown  until  the  conditions  in  these  fields  and  their  needs 
were  such  as  to  demand  the  strength  and  support  of  the 
whole  Church.  This  fact  was  realized  by  some  of  our 
workers  at  home,  and  was  very  keenly  felt  by  the  mis- 
sionaries on  the  fields.  At  their  annual  meetings  preced- 
ing the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  at  Akron,  Ohio, 
in  1909,  the  missionaries  on  the  three  fields  had  taken 
action,  asking  our  Board  to  co-operate  with  the  Foreign 
Missionary  Society.  Then,  too,  there  was  a  desire  on 
the  part  of  many  of  our  women  for  the  Association  to 
undertake  some  definite  work  in  home  missions. 

After  consultation  with  the  Foreign  and  the  Home 
Mission  Boards  the  Trustees  decided  to  appoint  a  com- 

103 


104 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


mittee  to  study  the  problem  and  present  som.e  plan  to 
the  Board  of  Managers.  This  committee  after  much 
thought  and  prayer  presented  the  following  report  to 
the  Board  at  its  meeting  in  Akron  in  May,  1909: 

''This  is  an  age  of  progress.  The  spirit  of  union 
and  co-operation  for  more  effective  service  is  to  be  found 
everywhere.  In  political  and  commercial  life  the  forces 
are  combining  to  an  extent  unseen  before  by  the  world. 
They  believe  that  thereby  they  multiply  their  powers 
and  increase  their  efficiency  to  do  things.  Combination 
and  efficient  superintendency  are  the  very  watchword 
of  this  commercial  age.  It  is  not  surprising  therefore, 
that  the  same  spirit  is  pervading  the  ecclesiastical  world. 
At  home  and  abroad  there  is  a  great  pulse  permeating 
our  entire  Church,  impelling  us  to  combine  our  forces, 
that  we  may  the  better  concentrate  our  efforts  and  in- 
crease the  effectiveness  of  our  service.  The  whole  wide 
world  for  Jesus,  is  the  vision  born  at  Olivet,  which  calls 
for  enlarged  service  at  home  and  abroad.  A  vision 
which  is  less  than  worldwide  is  too  limited  for  the  King's 
children.  He  who  sees  only  the  field  in  which  he  labors, 
has  ceased  to  stand  beside  the  cross  of  Calvar}^  and  has 
forgotten  the  commission  from  Olivet.  Tt  is  the  whole 
business  of  the  whole  church  to  preach  the  whole  gospel 
to  the  whole  world  as  speedily  as  possible.' 

"Your  Committee  on  General  Conference  Relations 
has  carefully  canvassed  the  matter  of  co-operation  be- 
tween the  Woman's  Missionary  Association  and  the 
Foreign  and  the  Home  Missionary  Boards  of  our  Church. 
By  correspondence  and  personal  interviews,  the  opinions 
of  many  of  the  leading  men  and  women  of  the  denomi- 
nation have  been  secured  relative  to  these  important 
matters.     We  find  that  it  is  the  general  conviction  at 


Society. 


Co-operation  105 

home  and  in  the  foreign  fields  that  co-operation  with  the 
Foreign  Missionary  Society  should  obtain.  We  also 
find  a  desire  quite  general  among  our  people  for  co-oper- 
ation with  the  Home  Missionary  Society.  We,  therefore, 
after  much  prayer  and  deliberation,  bring  to  you  the 
following  recommendations: 

"I.     Foreign — We   advise   that  the  Woman's  Mis-  Relation  to 
sionary  Association  and  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society  Missionary 
co-operate  in  all  the  mission  fields  of  the  Church — Africa, 
China,  Japan,  Porto  Rico,  and  the  Philippine  Islands. 

"Provided,  1.  That  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society 
will  accept  the  responsibility  of  the  work  now  carried  on 
by  tlie  Woman's  Missionary  Association  in  Africa, 
China,  and  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  will  continue  the 
operation  of  the  same;  we  agreeing  to  merge  ail  our 
property  interests  in  the  fields  v.'ith  that  of  the  Foreign 
Missionary  Society,  and  to  assume  some  part  of  the  work 
in  each  fi.eld  now  occupied  by  them,  as  shall  be  agreed 
upon  by  the  Executive  Committee. 

"2.  That  we  be  represented  by  one-third  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Foreign  Missionary  Board  and  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  of  the  same,  who  shall  be  chosen  from  and 
by  the  trustees  of  the  Woman's  Missionary  Association. 

"3.  That  all  moneys  given  by  any  woman's  or- 
ganization for  home  or  foreign  missions  be  sent  to  the 
Branch  Treasurer,  who  in  turn  shall  submit  quarterly 
reports  to  the  Conference  Treasurer,  in  order  that  the 
charge  may  have  due  credit  in  the  missionary  standards 
as  adopted  by  the  various  boards. 

"4.  That  we  ask  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Mis- 
sions for  the  General  Conference  to  bring  in  a  recommen- 
dation defining  the  field  at  home  from  which  we  may 
raise  funds. 


106  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

"5.     That  the  form  and  plan  of  our  organization 
remain  as  it  has  been. 
Relation  to  "H.      Ilome. — After  full  consideration  of  the  home 

s\o^%  Society.  side  of  the  work,  we  having  been  organized  from  the  first 
of  our  Association  to  do  both  home  and  foreign  work, 
we  recommend  that  we  co-operate  with  the  Home  Mis- 
sionary Society. 

"Provided,  1.  That  the  auxiliary  movement  in- 
augurated by  the  Home  Missionary  Board  be  discon- 
tinued, and  that  they  give  the  strength  of  their  support 
in  turning  over  the  societies  already  organized  by  them 
to  us;  we  to  give,  for  the  first  year,  $2,000,  second  $3,000, 
third  $4,000,  fourth  $5,000;  and,  in  addition  to  this,  we 
will  give  forty  per  cent,  of  the  increase  of  the  net  general 
fund  of  each  year  for  the  quadrennium,  and  at  the  end 
of  the  quadrennium  an  equitable  per  cent,  as  shall  be 
agreed  upon. 

"2.  That  we  be  represented  by  one-third  of  the 
members  of  the  Home  Mission  Board,  and  of  the  Exe- 
cutive Committee  of  the  same,  who  shall  be  chosen  from 
and  by  the  Trustees  of  the  Woman's  Missionary  Asso- 
ciation. 

"3.  That  all  moneys  given  by  any  woman's  or- 
ganization for  home  or  foreign  missions  be  sent  to  the 
Branch  Treasurer,  who  in  turn  shall  submit  quarterly- 
reports  to  the  Conference  Treasurer,  in  order  that  the 
charge  may  have  due  credit  for  the  same  in  the  mission- 
ary standards  as  adopted  by  the  missionary  boards. 

''Resolved,  Because  of  the  strength  of  our  missions 
in  the  Orient  and  our  medical  work  there,  that  we  ask  of 
the  General  Conference  that  our  mission  conferences 
in  China  and  the  Philippine  Islands  be  given  the  same 
relations  as  the  conference  in  West  Africa. 


Co-operation  107 

"Committee:  Mrs.  J.  E.  Fout,  Chairman,  Toledo, 
Ohio,;  Mrs.  I.  B.  Haak,  Myerstown,  Pa.;  Miss  EHza- 
bcth  Mower,  Shippensburg,  Pa.;  Mrs.  Albert  Keister, 
Scottdaie,  Pa.;  Mrs.  Gertrude  Pentz,  Dayton,  Ohio; 
Mrs.  H.  W.  Trueblood,  Quincy,  Illinois;  Mrs.  D.  E. 
Vance,  Oskaloosa,  Iowa.  Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford,  Omaha, 
Nebraska,  and  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt,  Dayton,  Ohio,  advisory 
members  of  the  committee." 

This  report  was  adopted  by  an  almost  unanimous  Report  Adopted, 
vote  and  later  was  presented  to  the  General  Conference, 
where  it  was  very  cordially  received  and  referred  to  the 
committee  on  missions.  All  that  was  asked  for  was 
granted ;  the  Foreign  and  the  Home  Boards  were  elected  ^ 
giving  us  one-third  representation  and  one-third  repre- 
sentation on  the  Executive  Committees. 

By  this  arrangement  we  have  a  voice  not  only  i]i 
the  administration  of  our  own  funds,  but  in  all  the  mis- 
sionary funds  of  the  Church;  through  our  representatives 
on  the  Boards  and  Executive  Committees  we  help  in  the 
appointment  of  missionaries;  in  the  planning  of  the  for- 
eign and  the  home  mission  work.  Through  the 
merging  of  our  property  in  Africa,  China,  and  the  Philip- 
l)ine  Islands,  with  that  of  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society 
in  Africa,  Japan,  and  Porto  Rico,  we  now  have  an  interest 
in  all  the  property  in  all  the  fields.  The  missionaries 
will  now  be  conscious  that  the  whole  Church  is  interested 
in  all  the  work  and  that  they  can  depend  on  their  prayers 
and  support.  The  women,  young  women,  and  Junior 
Christian  Endeavor  Societies  are  given  to  us  as  a  field 
to  cultivate,  thus  enlarging  our  scope  for  organization. 
The  Juniors  pay  their  missionary  money  through  the 
regular  channels  of  the  Association. 


108  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

Items  of  Interest. 

Tlie  work  in  Africa  was  opened  in  1877. 

The  first  Gleaners'  Band  was  organized  at  Fostoria 
in  1879  by  Mrs.  G.  P.  Macklin. 

The  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  in  1880  de- 
cided to  open  work  in  Germany. 

Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers,  the  first  president  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, died  November  17,  1880. 

The  Association  was  incorporated  under  the  laws 
of  the  State  of  Ohio,  March  28,  1881,  under  the  name  of 
"The  Woman's  Missionary-  Association  of  the  United 
Brethren  in  Christ." 

The  first  number  of  the  Woman's  Evangel  was 
issued  in  January,  1882. 

Work  w^as  opened  among  the  Chinese  in  Portland, 
Oregon,  in  the  summer  of  1883. 

A  constitution  for  Young  Women's  Bands  was  adopt- 
ed by  the  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  in  1883. 

On  July  9,  1883,  through  the  courtesy  of  the  United 
Brethren  Publishing  House,  the  Association  was  granted 
the  use  of  an  office  in  the  building. 

April  11,  1905,  the  Association  moved  into  a  suite 
of  rooms  on  the  eleventh  floor  of  the  new  office  building. 

In  1885  the  Board  provided  for  monthly  programs 
in  the  Evangel.  The  first  program  was  in  the  September 
number. 

Mrs.  Sylvia  Hayw^ood,  president  of  the  Association 
for  eight  years,  died  October  24,  1886. 

In  1888  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keister  (Harford)  and  Mrs.  L. 
K.  Miller  attended  the  World's  Missionary  conference 
held  in  London,  England,  June  9-19. 

Work  was  opened  in  China  in  1889. 


Co-operation  Kfi 

In  1S93  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keister  resigned  as  General 
Secretary  and  as  Editor  of  the  Evangel.  She  was  married 
to  Mr.  W.  P.  Harford  June  14.  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt,  a 
trustee,  was  elected  General  and  Recording  Secretary, 
and  Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller,  Editor  of  the  Evangel. 

The  same  year  General  Conference  granted  to  the 
Association  the  last  Sunday  in  September  of  each  year, 
to  be  known  as  Woman's    Day. 

The  Board  of  Managers  at  its  meeting  in  1895  author- 
ized monthly  programs  for  the  Gleaners,  to  be  given  in 
the  Evangel. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  in  LS98  a 
special  memorial  service  was  held  for  our  missionaries 
massacred  in  Africa,  and  provision  was  made  for  the 
holding  of  such  a  service  each  year. 

May,  1899,  to  May,  1900,  was  designated  as  Silver 
Anniversary  Year.  A  special  service  was  held  during 
the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers,  v/hich  met  at 
First  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  the  church  in  which  the  As- 
sociation was  organized.  The  following  persons  who  were 
present  at  the  organization  in  1875  were  at  this  meeting: 
Mrs.  C.  Merchant,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Lanthurn,  Mrs.  D.  L. 
Rike,  Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford,  Mrs.  S.  E.  Kumler,  Mrs. 
Benj.  Marot,  Rev.  W.  J.  Shuey,  Dr.  G.  A.  Funkhouser, 
Mrs.  G.  A.  Funkhouser,  Bishop  J.  W.  Hott,  Rev.  George 
Bender,  Mrs.  E.  Bender,  Mrs.  M.  C.  Miller,  Mrs.  Nancy 
A.  Hall,  Mrs.  Mary  Coghill,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Ellis,  Miss  Sallie 
Winter,  Miss  Anna  V.  Zeller. 

The  special  offerings  taken  during  the  year  were  set 
apart  to  mark  the  quarter  of  a  century  and  w^re  used 
for  the  Martyrs'  Memorial  Church,  Rotifunk,  Africa; 
Olivet  Home,  Siu  Lam,  China;  and  the  opening  of  work 
in  the  Philippines. 


110  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

On  account  of  the  famine  in  India  in  1900,  it  was 
decided  that  the  Woman's  Day  offering  should  be  given 
to  India.  Of  the  $2,134  received,  $1,000  v/as  given  to  the 
famine  sufferers,  $567  to  the  leper  settlement,  and  $567 
to  the  orphans  in  the  school  of  Pandita  Ramabai. 

In  1901  our  first  missionaries  were  sent  to  the  Phil- 
ippine Islands. 

Mrs.  W.  J.  Shuey,  the  first  treasurer  of  the  Associa- 
tion, died  June  27,  1901. 

In  1902  the  Board  of  Managers  recommended  that 
the  General  Secretary  visit  the  mission  fields.  Mrs. 
B.  F.  Witt  sailed  from  San  Francisco,  September  11. 
About  eight  months  were  spent  in  looking  into  the  work 
in  Africa,  China,  and  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mrs.  Lizzie  Huff"man  Derrickson,  to  whom  the  Asso- 
ciation ov/es  its  organization,  died  October  24,  1907. 

Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller,  the  honored  president  of  the 
Association  for  eighteen  years,  died  October  23,  1908. 

In  1909  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt  resigned  as  General  Secre- 
tary; Mrs.  Alva  Kauffman  was  elected.  Mrs.  L.  O. 
Miller,  after  twelve  years  of  faithful  service  as  Recording- 
Secretary,  resigned;  Mrs.  H.  Z,  McFadden  was  elected. 


Supplement  to  Date 


The  year  1909-1910  was  one  of  changes  and  adjust-   i909-i9io. 
ments.     Our  women  responded  heartily  to  the  plans  for 
co-operation.     Fifty-one    new    societies   Avere    reported, 
with  a  net  gain  in  membership  of  1,787. 

In  February  and  March,  1910,  a  membership  cam-  Membership 
paign  was  inaugurated  to  enlist  more  of  the  women  Campaign, 
and  young  women  of  the  churches  in  our  work.  Free 
literature,  leaflets,  constitutions,  and  sample  copies 
of  the  Woman's  Evangel  w^ere  sent  out.  As  a  result 
of  the  effort  eighteen  new  Locals  and  one  Young  Women's 
Band  were  organized  with  282  members,  and  365  mem- 
bers were  added  to  the  Locals  and  Young  Women's 
Bands  already  organized.  In  harmony  with  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  Board  of  Managers,  at  their  meeting 
in  May,  1910,  the  Trustees  appointed  a  committee  to 
formulate  plans  for  a  vigorous  campaign  for  the  organ- 
ization of  new  societies  and  the  addition  of  new  mem- 
bers. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  held  in  Young  Women's 
First  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  May,  1910,  Miss  Ada  i^«P"t"^«"*- 
M.  Slusser  was  elected  Secretary  of  the  Young  Women's 
Department.  At  a  meeting  in  June,  1910,  the  Trustees 
designated  the  deaconess  work  in  our  home  mission 
field  as  a  special  for  this  department,  in  addition  to 
the  work  already  assigned  on  the  foreign  field. 

In  the  fall  of  1909  Mrs.  G.  W.  Kitzmiller  was  ap-  junior  Mis- 
pointed  the  Missionary  Secretary  of  the  Junior  Depart-  '^°""^  Secretary. 

Ill 


112  The  Woman's  Missionary  Ass©ciation 

ment.     She  was  re-elected  by  the  Board  of  Managers 
at  its  meeting  in  May,  1910. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  Hal  Smith,  who  were  appointed 
to  Africa  to  open  work  among  the  Kono  tribe,  sailed 
September  15,  1909;  Rev.  F.  A.  Risley  sailed  December 
18,  1909,  to  take  charge  of  the  manual  training  depart- 
ment of  Albert  Academy;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  N.  Wimmer, 
and  Miss  Etta  Odie  sailed  June  22,  1910,  to  reinforce 
our  w^ork  in  Africa;  Miss  Matilda  Weber  sailed  for  the 
Philippines  June  20,  1910. 

Africa— Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King,  Miss  Mary 
Stauffer  and  Rev.  E.  Kingman,  who  had  their  furlough 
during  the  year,  returned  to  the  field;  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
King  sailing  September  15,  1909,  Miss  Stauffer,  Decem- 
ber 18,  1909,  Mr.  Kingman,  February  8,  1910.  Rev.  R. 
P.  Dougherty  and  Miss  Alice  Dougherty  returned  home 
on  furlough  in  the  fall  of  1909,  and  Mrs.  Delia  Todd 
in  the  summer  of  1910.  China — Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  B. 
Ward  after  six  3^ears  of  serA-ice  arrived  home  July  16, 
1910.  Japan — Rev.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Cosand  after 
several  months  furlough,  returned  to  the  field,  sailing 
June  29,  1909.  Philippines— Rev.  and  Mrs.  M.  W. 
Mumma  and  Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W.  Widdoes,  returning 
for  their  second  term  of  service,  sailed  January  25,  and 
June  20,  1910,  respectively.  Porto  Rico — Rev.  and 
Mrs.  N.  H.  Huffman  returning  for  their  fourth  term, 
sailed  April  12,  1910.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  I.  E.  Caldwell, 
after  five  months'  furlough,  again  returned  to  the  field, 
sailing  August  27,  1910. 

On  the  foreign  fields  the  year  has  been  one  of 
steady  and  encouraging  growth.  There  has  been  a  net 
increase  of  about  twenty  per  cent  in  the  church  mem- 
bershio. 


Co-operation  113 

Africa 

The  most  important  advance  step  was  the  sending 
of  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  Hal  Smith  into  the  Kono  country 
to  do  pioneer  work.  This  tribe  numbering  from 
80,000  to  100,000  has  never  had  a  Christian  worker 
among  them.  That  they  are  wilUng  and  anxious  to 
have  the  missionary  come  to  them  is  shown  by  a  remark 
of  one  of  the  chief's  sons:  "We  are  in  darkness;  we 
don't  know^  anything.  We  have  never  had  any  one  to 
teach  us  about  the  true  God —  we  want  to  know  him.'' 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Smith  are  now  living  among  these  people, 
with  headquarters  at  Jaiama. 

Rev.  F.  A.  Risley  was  added  to  the  teaching 
force  of  Albert  Academy  to  give  special  attention  to 
manual  training  which  includes  carpenter,  printing, 
and  outdoor  industrial  work.  A  new  printing  press 
was  also  installed  and  a  paper,  "The  Sierra  Leone 
Outlook,"  is  being  issued  monthly. 

The  new  cemxcnt  block  missionary  residence  at 
Shenge  was  completed  during  the  year  at  a  cost  of 
$2,500.  A  portion  of  the  Rufus  Clark  and  Wife  Train- 
ing school  building  was  arranged  for  dormitories  in 
order  to  accommodate  a  larger  number  of  boys. 

China 

Our  work  in  China  is  very  hopeful.  \\'e  have  a 
good  staff  of  Chinese  workers,  twenty-eight  preachers, 
teachers,  and  Bible  women,  some  of  whom  are  men  and 
women  of  more  than  ordinary  ability  and  education. 
A  number  of  young  men  are  now  in  training  for  the 
ministry.  A  number  of  the  girls  in  the  Miller  Seminary 
are  planning  to  teach,  and,  in  order  to  give  them  some 
practical  work  under  the  direction  of  the  missionary,  a 


1909-1910. 


1909-1910. 


114  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

number  of  the  eighth  grade  girls  teach  some  of  the  classes 
in  the  Seminary.  A  day  school  has  also  been  opened 
in  one  of  the  rooms  in  the  building  in  order  to  give  the 
girls  some  practical  training  in  day  school  work. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Oldt  moved  to  Siu  Lam  and 
have  charge  of  the  work  there  while  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Ward  are  at  home  on  furlough.  Dr.  Oldt  has  opened 
a  dispensary  in  this  large  city  which  has  never  had  a 
Christian  physician. 

A  lot  on  a  public  street  was  purchased  in  Lak  Lau 
in  the  summer  of  1909  and  a  chapel  30x40  feet  erected. 
The  cost  of  the  ground,  building  and  furnishings  com- 
plete was  about  $900.  The  Chinese  Christians  gave 
more  toward  this  chapel  than  any  other  that  has  been 
built  by  the  mission.  About  250  people  were  present 
at  the  dedication  services  held  May  IS,  1910,  and  large 
audiences  attended  preaching  services  twice  a  day  for 
several   days   following   the   dedication. 

Philippines 

With  the  American  missionaries  living  in  different 
parts  of  the  territory,  the  Filipino  workers  had  come 
to  depend  much  upon  their  help  and  presence  among 
them.  But  with  a  part  of  these  missionaries  at  home 
on  furlough,  it  was  necessary  for  the  remaining  two 
families  to  live  in  San  Fernando  and  direct  the  work 
from  there.  The  eight  circuits  were  placed  in  charge 
of  Filipino  workers,  most  of  them  having  two  or  more 
towns  with  their  many  barrios  to  care  for.  These 
pastors  have  instructed  the  people,  assisted  in  the  work 
of  the  Sunday  schools,  and  in  improving  their  organ- 
izations. Much  has  been  accomplished  by  the  volun- 
teer  workers.     Many   villages   previously    unwilling   to 


Japan  115 

listen  to  the  gospel  have  become  friendly  through  the 
efforts  of  these  workers  who  have  gone  to  the  remote 
villages  and  new  places  to  preach  and  to  do  personal 
work.  The  churches  have  grown  stronger,  and  over 
500  new   members    have    been    received. 

Early  in  1910  a  Filipino  worker  was  located  at 
Sigay,  among  the  Igorrotesin  the  province  of  Amburayan. 
He  opened  a  school  for  the  children,  and,  as  he  had  op- 
portunity, he  preached  and  showed  himself  friendly 
to  the  people.  On  x\pril  1,  1910,  a  church  was  organized 
with  forty-four  members.  Three  more  churches  have 
been  organized  in  this  province  since  the  annual  con- 
ference in  March,  1910. 

That  suitable  homes  might  be  provided  for  some 
of  the  boys  and  girls  who  come  to  San  Fernando  to 
attend  the  high  school,  two  dormitories  were  opened 
in  June,  1910,  with  eight  girls  in  the  one  and  nine  boys 
in  the  other.  Miss  Weber  is  matron  of  the  dormi- 
tory for  the  girls,  and  in  connection  with  this  she  will 
have  charge  of  a  new  department  of  work — the  train- 
ing of  deaconesses. 

Japan. 

Our  work  in  Japan  was  opened  in  the  fall  of  1895. 
Churches  were  started  in  Tokyo,  Kusatsu,  and  other 
places,  but  the  work  was  not  well  organized  until  1898 
when  Dr.  and  Mrs.  A.  T.  Howard  took  charge. 

In  1900  an  agreement  was  entered  into  with  the 
Doshisha,  a  Congregational  College  in  Kyoto,  to  send 
our  young  men  to  their  school,  our  mission  to  furnish  a 
teacher.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  Edgar  Knipp  sailed  in  August, 
1900,  and  Mr.  Knipp  taught  in  the  Doshisha  for  three 


116  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Japan  117 

years,  when,  his  health  failing,  they  were  compelled  to 
return  home. 

Early  in  1901  our  missionary  force  was  increased  by 
the  addition  of  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Cosand,  who  had 
previously  spent  fifteen  years  in  Tokyo  as  representatives 
of  the  Friends'  Missionary  Association.  Mr.  Cosand's 
experience  and  knowledge  of  the  language  enabled  him  to 
do  full  work  at  once. 

The  work  prospered  under  the  direction  of  Dr.  cJn&ence 
Howard  and  in  the  spring  of  1902  the  Japan  Mission  OvR^mztd. 
Conference  was  organized  with  three  ordained  mission- 
aries and  eight  Japanese  Evangelists  and  pastors.  A 
short  time  later  the  most  important  parts  of  the  Dis- 
cipline were  translated  into  Japanese  and  put  into  the 
hands  of  all  our  workers. 

Our  territory  extending  a  distance  of  three  hundred 
miles  from  the  neighborhood  of  Tokyo,  the  capital,  to 
Kyoto,  was  divided  into  two  presiding  elder  districts. 
Dr.  Howard  took  charge  of  the  Northeast  District  and 
Mr.  Cosand  was  given  the  care  of  the  Tokaido  District. 

Rev.  Monroe  Crecelius  arrived  in  Tokyo  in  the  fall 
of  1906.  A  year  was  spent  in  the  study  of  the  language 
and  in  teaching  English  Bible  Classes.  On  December  13 
he  was  taken  ill  with  scarlet  fever  and  died  after  a 
week's  illness. 

In  November,  1907,  the  mission  was  reinforced  by 
the  arrival  of  Rev.  and  Mrs.  B.  F.  Shivley.  In  Sep- 
tember, 1909,  they  moved  to  Kyoto  where  Mr.  Shivle}- 
has  been  teaching  in  the  academic  and  collegiate  depart- 
ments of  the  Doshisha. 

The  policy  early  adopted  was  that  of  direct  evan-  Methods 
gelization,  and  special  emphasis  has  been  placed  on  the 
raising  up  of  a  strong  native  ministry. 


118  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

The  missionary's  wife  organizes  foreign  cooking 
classes,  mothers'  meetings  and  sometimes  teaches  Eng- 
lish to  students.  Bible  instruction  is  made  prominent 
in  all  this  work,  either  directly  or  through  the  aid  of  a 
Bible  woman.     She  also  visits  in  the  homes. 

During  the  past  year  there  has  been  a  steady  in- 
crease in  the  amount  collected  for  self-support.  With- 
out any  suggestion  from  pastors  or  missionaries,  the 
young  men  of  the  Tokyo  churches  began  an  evangelistic 
movement  in  some  respects  like  the  laymen's  missionary 
movement  in  this  country.  A  men's  Bible  class  with 
one  hundred  and  thirty  members  was  organized  in  the 
Kyoto  Church.  The  publication  of  a  monthly  magazine 
called  the  "Dobo"  (United  Brethren),  was  undertaken 
early  in  1909.  English  classes  conducted  several  months 
during  the  year  in  the  Thompson  Memorial  Church  in 
Tokyo,  led  to  the  conversion  of  a  number  of  young 
business  men. 
Kyoto  Church.  ^he  new  church  in  Kyoto,  Mr.  Takejiro  Ishiguro 

pastor,  was  completed  and  dedicated  January  16,  1910. 
It  is  a  frame  building  54  x  36  feet  with  tile  roof.  In 
addition  to  the  main  auditorium  there  are  three 
Sunday-School  rooms,  pastor's  study,  and  a  gallery 
extending  across  one  end  of  the  auditorium.  It  is  the 
second  largest  church  building  in  Kyoto  and  cost 
$4,546.18.  Of  this  amount,  $375  was  contributed  by 
the  native  church. 

To  carry  on  our  work  in  Japan  we  had  in  the  spring 
of  1910,  six  American  missionaries,  fifteen  Japanese 
pastors,  eight  of  whom  are  ordained,  and  four  Bible 
women.  At  the  conference  that  year  there  were  reported 
twelve  organized  churches  with  538  communicant  mem- 
l)crs,  1076  adherents,  nineteen  Sunday  schools  with  an 


A  Japanese  Pastor 
and  Family 


United  Brethren  Church,  Kyoto 


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Japanese  Annual  Conference 


Primary  Department,  United  Brethren  Sunday  School,   Kyoto,  Japan 


United  Brethren  Sunday  School,  Ponce,  Porto  Rico 


Porto  Rico 


119 


enrollment  of  900,  and  nine  Senior  Christian  Endeavor 
societies.     The  total  value  of  property  is  S34,970. 

Porto  Rico. 

Our  church  was  one  of  the  first  to  establish  work  in 
Porto  Rico.  In  February,  1899,  Dr.  VV.  M.  Bell,  then 
Secretary  of  the  Home,  Frontier  and  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Society,  went  to  the  island.  An  early  agreement 
was  entered  into  by  the  various  denominations  to 
prevent  duplication  and  overlapping  of  work.  Our 
church  is  held  responsible  for  the  section  in  the  south- 
western part  of  the  island. 

On  July  28,  1899,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  N.  H.  HufTman, 
our  first  missionaries,  arrived  on  the  island  and  opened 
mission  work  in  Ponce,  a  city  of  30,000  inhabitants.  A 
church  was  organized  in  May,  1900,  with  ten  members. 

In  February,  1900,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  L.  Ortt  were 
sent  out  by  the  Sunday  School  Board,  but  on  account  of 
ill  health  they  were  able  to  remain  but  a  short  time. 
Dr.  C.  W.  Clymer  served  as  a  medical  missionary  for  a 
brief    period. 

In  August,  1901,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Philo  W.  Drury 
arrived  on  the  field.  During  1901  work  was  opened  in 
J  nana  Diaz,  the  center  of  a  district  of  28,000  people 
with  no  Protestant  church  among  them.  To  better 
develop  this  district  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Drury  moved  to 
Juana  Diaz  in  September,  1902.  A  church  was  organ- 
ized July  19,  1903,  with  nineteen  members. 

From  Ponce  and  Juana  Diaz  as  centers,  the  gospel 
was  carried  into  the  surrounding  towns  and  barrios. 

With  the  coming  of  new  workers  in  the  summer  of 
1907— Rev.  and  Mrs.  I.  E.  Caldwell  and  Miss  Elizabeth 
Reed — Mr.   Huffman   recommended   that   our  work  be 


First  Church 
Organized. 


Juana   Diaz 
Entered. 


Yanco  Opened. 


120  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

extended  and  requested  the  board  to  grant  him  the 
privilege  of  doing  pioneer  work  in  Yauco,  where  very 
little  gospel  work  had  been  done.     After  careful  inves- 


tigation this  plan  was  approved  and  Mr.  Drury  was  made 
superintendent  and  located  at  Ponce.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Caldwell  were  placed  in  charge  of  the  Juana  Diaz  district, 


Porto  Rico  121 

and  Miss  Reed  was  appointed  to  assist  in  the  work  in 
Ponce. 

In  Yaiico,  just  one  year  after  the  opening  of  the 
work,  a  church  was  organized  with  twenty-three 
members. 

Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  I.  Mohler,  who  arrived  on  the  Knud?s'!'"'*  '" 
island  in  September  1908,  went  to  Penuelas  which  had 
been  opened  in  1902  and  are  developing  the  work  in  that 
district. 

Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  Sunday  is  the  chief 
market  day  of  the  week,  the  attendance  at  the  Bible 
school,  which  is  the  only  Sunday  morning  service,  is 
usually  larger  than  the  church  membership.  Practically 
the  whole  church  attends  the  mid-week  prayer  meeting. 
In  the  Christian  Endeavor  meeting  emphasis  is  placed 
on  testimony  and  training  for  special  work.  Special 
emphasis  has  been  given  to  the  training  of  native  pastors 
and  a  regular  course  of  study  has  been  outlined  for  them. 
The  Porto  Rican  pastor  is  given  large  responsibility,  and 
the  missionary  seeks  to  honor  him  and  work  through  him 
for  the  up-lifting  of  the  people  of  his  parish. 

During  the  last  year  normal  classes  were  organized 
in  the  Sunday  Schools  and  the  teachers  are  being  better 
prepared  for  their  work.  Personal  Workers'  classes 
were  organized  in  some  of  the  churches.  The  members 
are  being  taught  the  principles  of  Christian  stewardship 
and  splendid  advance  has  been  made  in  the  way  of  self- 
support. 

A  dispensary  was  opened  at  Coto  Laurel  in  October  Dispensary 
1909,  under  the  direction  of  Dr.  C.  E.  Ruth,  a  Christian  °''*"'^- 
physician  living  in  Ponce,  who  gives  his  services  gratis. 
While  the  dispensary  is  open  but  a  half  day  every  two 
weeks,   yet  it  has  brought  great  relief  physically  to  a 


122  The  Woman's  Missionar}-  Association 

large  number  of  persons,  and  has  given  added  prestige 
to  our  Church  in  Coto  Laurel. 

To  carry  on  the  work  in  Porto  Rico,  we  had  in  the 
Spring  of  1910,  nine  American  missionaries  and  fourteen 
Porto  Rican  workers.  At  the  conference  that  year  there 
were  reported  fourteen  organized  churches,  twenty-two 
regular  preaching  places,  871  communicant  members, 
1,642  adherents,  twenty-three  Sunday  schools  with  a 
membership  of  1,273,  five  Senior  Christian  Endeavor 
societies.     The  total  value  of  property  was  $31,360. 

Our  Home  Mission  Fields. 

The  first  year  our  funds  for  home  missions  were 
appropriated  to  the  work  in  North  Texas  Conference, 
Stockton,  California,  Oregon  Conference  and  Walla 
Walla,    Washington. 

In  North  Texas  Conference  the  first  church  was 
organized  in  April,  1907,  at  Hartville,  Oklahoma,  with 
thirteen  members,  by  Mrs.  Callie  King,  a  former  mis- 
sionary in  Africa.  The  conference  was  organized  by 
Bishop  W.  M.  Weekley  in  November,  1908,  with  four 
ordained  ministers  and  three  holding  quarterl}^  con- 
ference relations.  There  are  now  fifteen  organized 
churches,  three  church-houses  valued  at  $4,800,  and 
one  parsonage  worth  over  $500. 

The  church  at  Stockton,  California,  was  organized 
in  1907.  They  now  have  a  membership  of  fifty-three. 
A  cement  block  church,  with  an  auditorium  seating  150 
persons,  was  completed  in  1909.  This  little  congregation 
is  showing  to  the  denomination  what  a  city  church  can 
do  for  the  foreigners  in  its  midst.  A  school  which  was 
opened  in  the  fall  of  1908  for  the  Japanese,  meets  three 
evenings  a  week  and  has  had  an  enrollment  of  more  than 


Street  Preaching.     Yauco 


United  Brethren  Church, 
Juana  Diaz 


Porto  Rico  Conference 


Japanese  Class,  Stockton,  California 


(ierman  Sunday  School,  Chicajio,   Illinois 


Our  Home  Mission  Fields 


123 


124  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

40  pupils.  The  people  welcome  them  to  all  the  services, 
religious  and  social. 

The  Oregon  Conference  made  marked  progress 
during  the  year.  Some  new  church  buildings  were 
erected,  and  beginnings  made  in  some  of  the  prominent 
centers.  In  Portland  where  we  already  have  three 
churches,  another  Sunday  school  has  been  started  in  a 
section  of  the  city  having  a  population  of  12,000,  where 
there  was  not  a  single  church. 

At  Walla  Walla,  Washington,  we  have  a  church 
well  located  with  a  membership  of  52.  The  Sunday- 
School  is  well  organized  and  is  the  only  one  in  the  city 
that  meets  all  the  requirements  of  a  standard  school. 


Officers  125 


OFFICERS. 

Presidents. 

Mrs.   T.  N.   Sowers   1875-18711 

Mrs.  Sylvia  Haywood 1879-1887 

Mrs.   L.   K.  Miller 1887-1905 

Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford    1905- 

General   Secretaries. 

Mrs.  L.    R.   Harford 1875-187G 

Mrs.  E.   r.   Marot 1876-1881 

Mrs.  L.    R.    Harford 1881-189:; 

Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt 1893-1900 

Mrs.  Alva  Kauffman 1909- 

Recording  Secretaries. 

Mrs.  D.    L.    Rika 1875-1881 

Mrs.  Benj.   Marot 1881-1893 

Mrs.  B.   F.    Witt 1893-1897 

Mrs.  I..  O.  Miller 1897-1900 

Mrs.  H.  Z.   McFadden 1909- 

Treasurers. 

Mrs.  W.  J.   Shuey 1875-1881 

Mrs.    D.   L.    Rike 1881-1903 

Mrs.   B.    F.   Witt 1903-19r(9 

Mrs.  Alva  Kauffman *. 1909- 


WOMAN'S   DAY  SPECIALS. 

1893— China. 

1894 — Thank-offering-  for  Africa. 

1895 — Africa,  Bethany  Cottage. 

1896— General  Fund. 

1897— China,  Beth   Eden. 

1898 — China,  Physician's  Residence. 

1899 — Silver  Anniversary   Fund. 

1900— Special  for  India. 

1001— Philippine  Islands.  • 

1*02 — For  the  debt  of  the  Home,   Frontier,  and   Foreign  Missionary  Societv. 

1003 — Africa,  Albert  Academy. 

1904 — China,   Foundling  Home. 

1905 — Africa,   Albert   Academy   Endowment  Fund. 

lOOi — Africa,   Moyamba   Home. 

1907 — Philippine  Islands,  San   Fernando  Church. 

1908— China   Building   Fund. 

1900 — China,   Klizaheth    Kumler   Miller  Seminary. 


126 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Chronological  Table 


Time   and   Place   of       Annual 
Annual  fleeting.        Receipts 

1875_Oct.   21.                             Organization.     President,  Mrs.  T.  N.  Sow- 
Dayton,     Ohio,     First                           ers :   correspondins?  .secretary,  Mrs.   L,.   R. 
Church.                                                 Keister;  recording  secretary,  Mrs.  D.  L. 
Rike;  treasurer,   Mrs.    W.   J.  Shuey 


1S76— May   11. 
Davton,     Ohio,     First 
Church. 


Mrs.     Benj.  Marot    elected    corresponding 

secretary.  Africa. — Miss    Emily    Beeken 

$458  50     appointed;  sailed    November    10,    "Penn- 
sylvania." 


1877— April  26. 
Dayton,     Ohio,    Sum- 
mit Street. 


1878— May    1. 
Galion,   Ohio. 

1879— Mav  21. 
Dayton,     Ohio,     First 
Church 


1880— May   10. 

Fostoria,   Ohio. 


1881— May   11. 

Western,  Iowa. 


1882— May  24. 
Lebanon,  Pa. 


Two   delegates   appointed   to    General    Con- 
ference,   Mrs.    D.    L.    Rike   and   Mrs.    A. 
$325  74     Iv.   Billheimer,  Mrs.  Billheimer  employed 
as  organizer.    Africa. — Mission  opened  at 
Rotifunk. 

Africa. — Resignation  of  Miss  Fmily  Beeken 
$1,391  IS     on  account  of   ill  health. 

Resignation  of  Mrs.  T.  N.  Sowers ;  Mrs. 
Sylvia  Haywood  elected  president.  First 
$1,985  68  Gleaner's  Band  organized.  Africa. — 
Mrs.  M.  M.  Mair  appointed ;  arrived  at 
Freetown,  October  19.  Mission-house 
for  Rotifunk  ordered ;  Mrs.  A.  L.  Bill- 
heimer to  collect  funds  for  it.  Bompeh 
station   opened. 

Africa. — One  hundred  acres  of  land  leased 
$3,691  84     at    Rotifunk    for    99   years.      Germany.— 
Mission  at   Coburg  undertaken. 

Association  incorporated  March  28.  (See 
.$3,679  03  records,  Columbus,  Ohio.)  Board  of 
Trustees  created.  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keister 
elected  corresponding  secretary ;  Mrs.  D. 
L.  Rike,  treasurer;  Mrs.  Benj.  Marot. 
recording  secretary.  Woman's  Evangel 
ordered  started ;  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keister 
elected  editor,  June  15.  Death  of  Mrs. 
T.  N.  Sowers  in  November.  Africa. — 
Work  opened  at   Palli. 

First   number  of   Woman's   Evangel  issued 
$5,458  88    in    January.        Mrs.     L.     R.     Keister    em- 

Sloyed  as  organizer.  Africa. — Rev.  and 
Irs.  R.  N.  West  appointed ;  consecrated 
at  Summit  Street  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio, 
September  22;  sailed  October  2,  "Li- 
beria." Portland,  Oregon. — Chinese  Mis- 
sion School  opened ;  Mrs.  M.  E.  Sicka- 
foose    appointed    superintendent. 


Chronolos^ical  Tables 


12: 


1883 May   16.  Constitution    for    Young    Women's     Bands, 

VVesterville,  Ohio.  .$6,559  89    adopted.    Office  opened  in  the  U.  B.  Pub- 

lishing House,  July  9.  Africa.— Mrs.  M. 
M.  Mair  returned  to  America.  Chapel 
ordered  built  at  Rotifunk.  Portland, 
Oregon. — Mrs.  M.  E.  Sickafoose  began 
work,   July   16. 


1884— May  IG. 
Hartsville,   Ind. 


Africa. — Chapel       at       Rotifunk       dedicate.l 
$8,241  21      February     24;     cost,     $1,500.       Portland, 
Oregon. — Rev.     George     Sickafoose     ap- 
pointed superintendent;  ordered  to  select 

proi)erty. 


1885— May 
Dayton,     Ohio, 
Church. 


1.  Alonthly  programs  in  Evangel.    Celebration 

First  of  decennial  year  ;    thank-offering,  $585. H>. 

.i;i0.072  32     Portland,     Oregon.   —   Clainese     mission 

property    purchased    February    23 ;    cost, 

$8,000. 


188G— May   10. 
Huntington,   Ind. 


Death  of  president,  Mrs.  Sylvia  Haywood, 
.$12,054  72  October  24.  Africa. — Rev.  and  Mrs.  R. 
N.  West  returned  to  America  on  fur- 
lough ;  returning  to  Africa,  sailed  Sep- 
tember 18,  "Liberia."  One  thousand 
dollars  ordered  secured  for  advance 
work. 


1887 May   •'•0.  Mrs.      L.      K.      Miller     elected     president. 

WestfieUl    III.  $11,081  88     Africa.— Rev.   and  Mrs.   W.   S.    Sage_  ap- 

pointed ;  consecrated  at  Board  meeting ; 
sailed  September  24,   "Liberia." 

1888— May    17.  ^Irs-   L.    K.   Miller  appointed  associate  edi- 

Toledo    Iowa.  $11,448  44     tor  and   publisher   of  Woman's   Evangel. 

ter  sent  as  delegates  to  the  World's 
Missionary  Conference,  London,  Eng- 
land. Africa. — Mary  Sowers  Home  for 
Girls.  Rotifunk,  built;  cost,  .$2,000. 
China. — Voted  to  open  work. 


1889— May  8. 
Ilarrisburg,   Pa. 


Africa. — Miss  Frances  Williams  and  Miss 
$11,828  89  Kllen  Groenendyke  appointed;  Miss 
Williams  consecrated  at  First  Church, 
Dayton,  Ohio,  July  7;  Mi?s  Groenen- 
dvke,  at  Summit  Street  Church,  October 
13.  They  sailed  October  16.  "Teutonic." 
Uoys'  Home  biiil^.  Aid  Society  formed 
at  Rotifunk.  China. — -Miss  Australia 
Patterson  and  Miss  Lillian  ShafFner  ap- 
pointed; Miss  Schnffner  consecrated  at 
Board  meeting;  Miss  Patterson,  at  First 
Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  July  7.  They 
sailed  in  company  with  Rev.  G.  A. 
Sickafoose  and  Rev.  Moy  Ling,  October 
4,  "Abyssinia." 


128  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

1890 — May  21.  Teachers'    fund  opened  ;    Mrs.    Bertha  Ger- 

DayUn.    Ohio,    Sum-  laugh      appointed      secretary.       German 

mit  Street.  .$14,564  23     chapel    fund    loaned.      Africa. — Rev.    and 

Mrs.  Jacob  Miller  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Summit  Street  Church,  Day- 
ton, Ohio,  November  16;  sailed  Novem- 
ber 20,  "Georgia."  Rev.  and  Mrs.  W. 
S.  Sage  returned  to  America.  Work 
opened  in  the  Masimera  country.  W.  C. 
T.  U.  formed  at  Rotifunk.  China. — 
Miss  Shaffner  returned  to  America.  Two 
day  schools  for   girls  opened  in  Canton. 

1891 — May  19.  Africa. — Dr.   Marietta  Hatfield,  Miss  Elnia 

Decatur,  111.  $16,678  32     Bittle,  and  Miss  Ella  Schenck  appointed  ; 

Doctor  Hatfield  consecrated  at  Board 
meeting;  Miss  Bittle,  at  Lewisburg, 
Ohio,  August  23 ;  Miss  Schenck,  at 
Lockington,  Ohio,  August  16.  They 
sailed  September  23,  "City  of  Chicago." 
Dr.  Alice  Harris  employed  at  Rotifunk. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  N.  West  returned  to 
America  on  furlough.  Miss  Williams  ap- 
pointed superintendent.  Bishop  E.  B. 
Kephart  held  annual  conference.  Port- 
land, Oregon.  —  Assisted  in  opening 
cJiurch  work.  Lot  purchased,  50  x  100 
feet;  cost,  $3,500.  Rev.  George  Sicka- 
foose   resigned    as   superintendent. 

1892 — May  11.  Special  service  at  Otterbein  Church.   Cover 

Baltimore,  Md.  .$16,291  59     ordered    for   Evangel.     Mrs.    Bertha  Ger- 

laugh  resigned  as  secretary  of  Teachers' 
fund ;  Miss  Marie  Shank  appointed. 
Africa. — Rev.  and  Mrs.  I.  N.  Cain  and 
Miss  Lydia  Thomas  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Summit  Street  Church,  Dayton, 
Ohio,  September  25.  In  company  with 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  West,  returning,  sailed 
October  1,  "Arizona."  Rev,  and  Mrs. 
Jacob  Miller  returned  to  America.  Death 
of  Miss  Frances  Williams,  July"  l9 ; 
death  of  Miss  Elma  Bittle,  August  7. 
China. — Dr.  Regina  M.  Bigler  appointed  ; 
conseerated  at  First  Church,  Dayton, 
Ohio,  November  6;  sailed  November  16, 
"Gaelic."     Day   school    for   girls   opened. 

1893 — May  9.  East    Sunday    in    September    of    each    year 

Germantown,  Ohio.       $19,190  01     set     apart     by     General     Conference     as 

Woman's  Day.  Woman's  Day  offering 
for  China.  Resignation  of  Mrs.  L.  R. 
Keister;  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt  elected  cor- 
responding and  recording  secretary ; 
Mrs.  L.  K.  Miller  appointed  editor  of 
Evangel.  Marriage  of  Mrs.  L.  R.  Keis- 
ter to  Mr.  W.  P.  Harford,  June  14. 
Mrs.  E.  R.  Harford  appointed  editorial 
correspondent.  Africa.  —  Miss  Ellen 
Groenendyke  returned  to  America  on 
furlough.  Bishop  E.  B.  Kephart  held 
annual  conference.  Brick  makmg  begun. 
"Keister       Chapel,"       Palli,       dedicated. 


Chronological  Tables  *  129 


Portland,  Oregon. — Resignation  of  Mrs. 
GeorGre  Sickafoose;  Mrs.  Mary  E. 
Henkle  appointed  superintendent.  Sale 
of  Chinese  mission  property  recom- 
mended, and  purchase  of  smaller  prop- 
erty. China. — Rev.  and  Mrs.  K.  E.  Fix 
appointed ;  consecrated  at  Fir.'^t  Church, 
Dayton,  Ohio,  in  May;  sailed  Novem- 
ber 16,  "Gaelic."  Dispensarv  opened; 
cases    treated,    1,188. 

AXT   ^^^ — ¥*5f  ~'^"         *,-ror.         VVoman's   Day  oflfering  for  Africa.   Manual 
W  aterloo,  Ind.  .?17,891  10     issued  for  use  of  missionaries.     Africa.— 

Miss  Florence  M.  Cronise  and  Miss 
Minnie  E.  Eaton  appointed ;  Miss 
Cronise  consecrated  at  Board  meeting; 
Miss  Eaton  at  Los  Angeles,  California, 
i'l  Octoiier  'i'hey  sailed  November  27, 
"Brittanic."  Rev.  I.  N.  Cain  appointed 
superintendent.  Deatji  of  Rev.  R.  N,. 
West,  September  22.  Tablet,  suita'BTy' 
marked,  nlaced  in  Rotifunk  chanel.  Mrs. 
R.  N.  West,  Miss  Ella  Schenck,  and 
Miss  Lydia  Thomas  returned  to  Amer- 
ica. Diplomas  printed  for  Rotifimk 
school.  Industrial  building,  Rotifunk. 
completed;  cost,  iRSOO.  Y.  P.  C.  U. 
organized  at  Rotifunk.  Psrtland,  Ore- 
gon.— Church  completed ;  cost,  $5,00') ; 
transferred  to  W.  M.  A.  in  August, 
dedicate'!  N'r-ember  IS.  China, — Miss 
Austia  Patterson  returned  to  America  on 
furlough.  Mobbing  of  missionaries, 
June  11. 

1895 — May  15.  Woman's    Day    offering,    Bethany    Cottage, 

Westfield,   111.  $17,8.35  22     Africa.       Celebration    of    vicennial    year ; 

thank-oflfering.  Gleaners'  programs  be- 
sxm  in  August  Evangel.  Africa. — Dr. 
Mary  C.  Archer  appointed ;  consecrated 
at  Board  meeting;  sailed  December  7, 
"Lucania."  Dr.  Marietta  Hatfield  re- 
turned to  America  on  furlough.  Bishop 
J.  W.  Hott  held  annual  conference. 
Hompeh  Chanel  dedicated  January  20. 
Work  opened  in  the  Yonnie  country. 
Building  of  rest  cottage  recommended. 
Deed  secured  for  ten  acres  of  land  at 
Rokon.  Germany. — Chapel  fund,  $2,70.'i.- 
08.  paid  to  Home,  Frontier,  and  Foreign 
Missionary  Society  for  erection  of  chapel 
at  Weimar,  Germany.  Portland.  Oregon. 
— Church  mortgage  paid.  China. — Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Fix  returned  to  .\merica. 
Chapel   at   Canton    opened   in    May. 

1896 — May   21.  Woman's    Day    offering   for   Creneral    Fund. 

Mt.    Pleasant,   Pa.  $18,81.''»  60     Illustrations  ordered  for  Evangel.  Africa. 

— Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  A.  McGrew  ap- 
pointed ;  consecrated  at  West  Baltimore, 
Ohio,  March  22;  sailed  March  28.  "Cam- 
pania." Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cain  returned  to 
America  on  furlough.  Work  opened  at 
Taiama  and   Kwellu.      Deed   was   secured 


130  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


lor  twenty  acres  of  land  at  Kwellu. 
Mission-house  built  at  Rokon.  Portland, 
Oregon. — The  pastor,  Rev.  C.  C.  Bell, 
resigned ;  Rev.  E.  E.  Fix  appointed. 
China. — Miss  Patterson,  returning  to 
China,  sailed  May  20,  "China."  Boys' 
Day  School  opened. 

1807 — May    12.  Woman's     Day     offering    for     Beth     Eden, 

Lisbon,   Iowa.  ."^18,^01  79     China,    and    hospital,    Africa.      Africa. — 

Arthur  Ward  appointed ;  consecrated  at 
Georgetown,  Indiana,  September  7.  He, 
with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Cain,  Doctor  Hat- 
field, and  Miss  Schenck,  returning^  to 
Africa,  sailed  October  1,  "Lucania." 
Bishop  Mills  held  annual  conference. 
Death  of  Mrs.  M.  M.  Mair,  March  17. 
Deed  secured  for  120  acres  of  land  at 
Taiama.  At  Mt.  Leicester,  two  acres  of 
land  leased  and  Bethanv  cottage  built; 
cost  of  our  one-half,  $1,000.  Portland, 
Oregon. — Location  of  Chinese  mission 
school  changed  on  trial.  China. — Dr.  H. 
K.  Shumaker  appointed ;  consecrated  at 
First  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  August  29; 
sailed  October  21,  "China."  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  E.  B.  Ward  appointed  ;  consecrated 
at  Toledo,  Iowa,  May  18;  sailed  De- 
cember 18,  "City  of  Peking."  Doctor 
Halverson  returned  to  America.  Ground 
purchased  in  Canton,  on  Honam ;  cost, 
$4,000.  Mission-house  (Beth  Eden)  or- 
dered built.  Work  opened  at  San  Tong. 
Medical    cases   treated,   20,002. 

1898— May  18.  Woman's  Day   offering  for  chapel  and  dis- 

Westerville,  Ohio.         $20,145  81     pensary,    China.      Africa.— Miss    Cronise, 

Miss  Eaton,  and  Arthur  Ward  returnea 
to  America.  L'prising  of  natives ;  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  I.  N.  Cain,  Miss  Ella  Schenck, 
Dr.  Marietta  Hatiield.  and  Dr.  Mary 
Archer  killed  at  Rotifunk,  May  3;  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  L-  A.  McGrew  at  Taiama,  May 
9.  Nearly  all  property  destroyed.  Me- 
morial services,  June  26.  Rev.  and  Mrs. 
J  R.  King,  appointed  to  reopen  work, 
half  time,  for  the  W.  M.  A.,  sailed  Sep- 
tember 10,  "Etruria."  Portland,  Ore- 
gon.— Chinese  mission-school  closed  July 
1.  China. — Mrs.  Ruth  Thompson,  al- 
ready in  Canton,  appointed  October  25 ; 
consecrated  November  .3.  Lau  Seng 
Nam    ordained.        (Virginia    Conference.) 

1899 — May   17.  Woman's    Day    offering   for   Africa,    China, 

Ft.   Wayne,   Ind.  $19,089  ^7     and  opening  of  new  work.  Africa. — Rev. 

and  Mrs.  E.  E.  Todd  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Pleasant  Prairie,  Minnesota, 
October  1.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  A.  King 
appointed ;  consecrated  at  Parsons,  Kan- 
sas. October  IH.  These,  with  Bishop  Kep- 
hart,  sailed  November  15,  "Oceanic." 
Work  opened  at  Moyamba.  China. — 
Doctor  Shumaker  appointed  superintend- 
ent, January  1.  Beth  Eden  completed ; 
cost,  $2,449.65.  Work  opened  at  Kwong 
Li  and  Siu  Lam. 


Chronological  Tables  131 

1900 — May  17.  Special     Silver     Anniversary     service     and 

Dayton,     Ohio,     First  offering    at     Board    meeting.       Woman's 

Church.  $21,537  72     Day  offering  to  India,  $2,134.     Africa.— 

Dr.  Zenora  Griggs  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Summit  Street  Church,  Sep- 
tember 30.  She,  with  Miss  Minnie  Eaton 
and  Miss  Ellen  Groenendyke,  returning, 
sailed  October  2,  "Oceanic."  Bishop 
Kephart  held  annual  conference.  Deed 
secured  for  100  acres  of  land  at  Roti- 
funk.  Railroad  completed  from  Free- 
town to  Rotifunk,  and  post-ofiiices  estatD- 
lished  at  Rotifunk  and  Moyamba.  Dis- 
pensary opened.  Mission-houses  built  at 
Rotifunk  and  Moyamba.  Portland,  Ore- 
gon.— Church  deeded  by  W.  M.  A.  to 
local  trustees.  China. — Dr.  R.  M.  Big- 
ler  returned  to  America  on  furlough. 
Dr.  Ruth  Thompson  resigned.  Chapel 
site  purchaped  and  chapel  enlarged ; 
cost,  $1,329.19.  Philippine  Islands.— 
Voted  to  open  work. 

1901 — May  9.  Woman's  Dav  offering  for  the  Philippines. 

Hagerstown,    Aid.  $22,201  29     Death  of  Mrs.   W.   J.    Shuey,   first  treas- 

urer, June  27.  Africa. — Rev.  and  Mrs. 
W.  S.  Richards  appointed ;  consecrated 
at  First  Church,  Dayton.  Ohio,  February 
10;  sailed  February  20,  "Majestic."  Mr. 
and  Mrs.    J.    R.   King  and  Mr.   and  Mrs. 

E.  A.  King  returned  to  America.  New 
deed  secured  at  Taiama.  China. — Girls' 
Boarding  School  erected  on  Beth  Eden 
Compound ;  cost,  $1,275 ;  opened  March 
12.  Street  chapel  opened  in  Canton. 
Bargain  money  paid  in  December  for 
Siu  Lam  property.  Philippines. — Work 
Opened.  Rev.  E.  S.  Eby  and  Rev.  S. 
B.  Kurtz  appointed ;  consecrated  at  First 
Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  February  10; 
sailed  February  19,  "Nippon  Maru." 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  O.  Burtner  appointed 
in  charge  of  the  work ;  consecrated  at 
Board  meeting;  sailed  September  27, 
"Nippon  Maru."  Organization  of  Evan- 
gelical Union.  Three  provinces  allotted 
to  us — Ilocos  North,  Ilocos  South,  and 
La  Union. 

1902— May   13.  Woman's  Day  offering,  $2,000,  for  debt  of 

Lecompton,  Kan.  $23,426  40     T[ome,   Frontier,   and   Foreign   Missionary 

Society.     New  history  printed.     Mrs.   B. 

F.  Witt  appointed  to  visit  our  mission 
fields ;  sailed  from  San  Francisco,  Sep- 
tember 11,  "Hong  Kong  Maru."  Mrs. 
L.  E.  Custer  and  Miss  Groenendyke 
appointed  to  ofBce  work,  pro  tem.  Sep- 
tember 23,  the  two  Mission  Boards  de- 
cided upon  cooperation  in  Africa. 
Africa. —  Rev.  J.  R.  King  appointed  joint 
stiperintendent  ;  he  and  i\Irs.  King  sailed 
November  12,  "Teutonic."  Miss  Rilla 
Akin  and  Miss  Mary  Murrel  appointed ; 
consecrated     at     Board     meeting;     sailed 


132  The  Womairs  Missionary  Association 


;  October  1'),   "Teutonic."      Rev.  and  Mrs. 

W.  S.  Richards  and  Miss  E)llen  Groen- 
endyke  returned  to  America.  Church  at 
Moyamba  dedicated;  cost,  $2,000,  of 
which  $1,200  was  raised  on  the  field. 
Work  opened  at  Bradford  and  Lunga 
and  reopened  at  Rokon.  China. — Rev. 
and  Mrs.  C.  E.  Spore  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Board  meeting ;  sailed,  in  com- 
pany with  Mrs.  Witt,  September  11.  Dr. 
Owen  S.  Townsend  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Bonebrake  Theological  Sem- 
inar>%  December  18,  1901 ;  sailed  Feb- 
ruary 7,  "China" ;  returned  to  America 
in  the  fall.  Work  opened  at  Sheung  Ti, 
Hang  Tan,  and  Kwai  Chau.  Miss  Pat- 
terson married  to  Doctor  Shumaker, 
February  4.  Philippines. — Mr.  Kurtz 
resigned  to  enter  Y.  M.  C.  A.  work. 
Three  additional  provinces — Abra,  Le- 
panto,  and  Bontoc — allotted  our  mission, 
with  full  privilege  to  work  in  Manila 
and  in  the  province  of  Benguet.  Head- 
quarters established  in   Manila. 

1903 — May  26.  Woman's    Day    offering    for    Albert    Acad- 

Fostoria,  Ohio.  $24,652  50     emy.       Mrs.     D.     L.     Rike    resigned     as 

treasurer;  Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt  elected. 
Africa. — Mrs.  Witt,  in  company  with 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  F.  E.  Todd,  returning 
from  Africa  on  furlough,  arrived  in  New 
York,  Mav  16.  "Cedric."  Rev.  and  Mrs. 
W.  E.  Riebel,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Clayton 
Judy,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  C.  W.  Snyder  ap- 
pointed;  consecrated  at  Board  meeting; 
sailed  September  30,  "Teutonic."  Mrs. 
Riebel  died  December  10 ;  buried  at 
Freetown.  Work  opened  at  Makouri. 
Memorial  markers  sent  to  Africa.  In 
December,  agreed  to  a  twenty-five-year 
lease  on  Ebo  Church,  Freetown,  with 
option  of  purchase.  China. — Rev.  and 
Mrs.  E.  I.  Doty  appointed ;  consecrated 
at  Toledo,  Iowa,  September  23;  sailed 
October  31,  "Coptic."  Olivet  Home. 
Sin  Lam,  completed ;  cost,  $1,500.  Phil- 
ippines.— Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W.  Widdoes 
appointed;  consecrated  at  Abilene,  Kan., 
August  9;  sailed  September  19,  "Hong 
Kong  Maru." 

1904 — May  18.  Woman's   Day   ofifering   for   the    Foundling 

First      Church,      AI-  Home,    China.      Office    moved    to    Sixth 

toona,   Pa.  $26,139  ol     floor  in   March.     October  7,   Mrs.   U   K. 

Miller  resigned  as  editor  of  Evangel, 
Mrs.  B.  F.  Witt  and  Mrs.  G.  P.  Mack- 
lin  served  temporarily.  Africa. — In  the 
spring.  Miss  Minnie  Eaton  and  Miss 
Mary  Murrell  and  Dr.  Zenora  Griggs 
returned  to  America  on  furlough.  Rev. 
R.  P.  Dougherty  appointed  ;  consecrated 
at  Board  meeting;  sailed  Tune  1, 
"Oceanic."  Rev.  and  Mrs.  E.  E.  Todd, 
returning    to    Africa,     sailed    August    19, 


Chronological  Tables  133 


"Cedric."  Miss  -Vi^grc  Akin  appointed; 
consecrated  in  the  Mission  Rooms,  No- 
vember 2(1.  She,  in  company  with  Dr. 
Zenora  Griggs,  Miss  Minnie  Eaton,  and 
Miss  Mary  Alurrel,  returning  to  Africa. 
sailed  November  30,  "Baltic."  Bishop 
?.Iills  held  annual  conference  at  Roti- 
funk.  Agreed  to  put  5^5,000  into  a 
building  for  Albert  Academy  and  $o,00<> 
endowment  fund.  Albert  Academy  opened 
October  4,  with  five  pupils,  Rev.  R.  P. 
Dougherty,  principal.  Memorial  Church. 
Rotifunk,  dedicated  October  9 ;  cost. 
$4,300.  Of  this  amount,  $2,370  raised 
on  field.  November  2~>,  agreed  to  pur- 
chase of  lot  in  Freetown  next  to  Ebo 
Church.  Board  of  trustees  elected  to 
hold  property  iointlv — Bishop  Mills,  Dr. 
W.  M.  Bell,  and  Mfs.  B.  F.  Witt.  Work 
opened  at  Ronietta.  Mission-house  at 
Taiama  completed.  Death  of  Rev.  E. 
E.  Todd,  December  11.  China. — Dr. 
and  Mrs.  H.  K.  Shumaker  returned  to 
America  in  the  spring.  Rev.  and  Mrs. 
E.  B.  Ward,  returning  to  China,  sailed 
September  1.5,  "'Empress  of  _  China." 
Work  opened  at  Lak  I,au.  Philippines. 
— Rev.  and  Mrs.  L.  O.  Burtner  returned 
to  America  early  in  the  year.  Rev.  E. 
S.  Eby  resigned.  Work  opened  in  Union 
Province  in  February  with  headquarters 
at  San  Fernando.  A  mission-house 
built;  cost,  $1,678.50.  The  first  church 
organized  at  Cava,  April  3.  Church  at 
San    Fernando    organized,    December    24. 

1905 — May  9.  Woman's    Day    offering    for    Albert    Acad- 

lolton,  Kan.  .?27,501  01     emy,     Africa.       Mrs.     L.     K.     Miller    re- 

signed as  president ;  Mrs.  L.  R.  Harford 
elected.  In  March,  office  was  moved  to 
eleventh  floor  U.  B.  office  building. 
August  15,  Mrs.  Mary  R.  Albert  ap- 
pointed Evangel  editor.  Africa. — Re- 
turned to  America,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R. 
King,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Snyder,  and  Miss 
Rilla  Akin  in  the  spring,  Rev.  W,  E. 
Riebel  in  July,  and  Mrs.  C.  Judv  in 
September.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  T.  Miller 
appointed ;  consecrated  at  Toledo,  Iowa. 
September  17.  E.  M.  Hursh  appointed : 
consecrated  at  Ashland,  Ohio,  September 
8.  These,  in  company  with  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  J.  R.  King  and  Rilla  Akin,  return- 
ing to  Africa,  sailed  November  29. 
"Oceanic."  Church  organized  in  Free- 
town and  building  dedicated,  January  11. 
Death  of  Mrs.  Juliana  Thompson.  May 
20.  Five  acres  of  land  near  Circular 
Road,  Freetown,  secured  for  .$2,000  as 
site  for  Albert  Academy.  China. — Rev. 
and  Mrs.  B.  F.  Bean  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Odon.  Indiana,  September  3. 
Miss  Belle  Myers  appointed ;  consecrated 
at    Toledo,    Ohio,    September    1.       They 


134  The  \\  Oman's  Missionary  Association 

sailed  September  20,  "Dakota."  Dr. 
Frank  Oldt  appointed ;  consecrated  at 
Beavertown,  Ohio,  September  10 ;  sailed 
September  27,  "Manchuria."  Rev.  C. 
K.  Spore  appointed  superintendent.  Phil- 
ippines.— Rev.  and  Mrs.  R.  J.  Pace  ap- 
pointed ;  consecrated  at  Columbus,  Ohio, 
June  18 ;  sailed  November  o,  "Minne- 
sota." Churches  organized  at  Tubao 
and  San  Juan.  A  paper,  the  "Dagiti 
Naimbag  a  Damag,"   started. 

1906 — May  22.  Woman's  Day  offering  for  Moyamba  Home, 

Canton,  Ohio.  $32,740  72     Africa.      Evangel   increased  to  thirty-two 

pages.  Portland,  Oregon. — Chinese  mis- 
sion property  sold  for  $7,0'J(),  credited 
to  China.  Africa. — Rev.  H.  D.  Southard 
appointed ;  consecrated  at  First  Church, 
Dayton,  Ohio,  May  2 ;  sailed  May  18, 
"Celtic."  Miss  Mary  E.  Staufter  ap- 
pointed ;  consecrated  at  Cedar  Rapids, 
Iowa,  November  4 ;  sailed  December  19, 
"Baltic."  Returned  to  America,  Miss 
Mary  INIurrei  in  January,  Rev.  C.  W. 
Snyder  in  February,  Rev.  C.  Judy  in 
March,  Rev.  R.  P.  Dougherty  in  August. 
School-house  built  at  Moyamba.  Church 
organized  at  Taiama.  China. — Miss  Ora 
p..  Maxwell  appointed;  consecrated  at 
Board  meeting ;  sailed  September  2, 
"Dakota;"  married  to  Frank  Oldt. 
Tokyo,  Japan,  September  18,  Physi- 
cian's residence,  Canton,  completed ; 
cost,  $3,300.  Chapel  opened  at  lyung 
Kong.  Philippines. — Dr.  and  Mrs.  B. 
r\I.  Piatt  appointed ;  consecrated  at 
Riverdale  Church,  Dayton,  Ohio,  De- 
cember 10,  1905;  sailed  January  4, 
"Kaiser  Wilhelm  der  Grosse."  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  A.  B.  DeRoos  appointed ;  conse- 
crated in  the  Mission  Rooms,  June  28 ; 
sailed  July  19,  "]?arbarosa."  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  S.  B.  Kurtz  appointed;  Mrs.  Kurtz 
consecrated  at  Topeka,  Kansas,  October 
28.  They  sailed  December  5,  "Tartar." 
Churches  organized  at  Bangar,  Agoo, 
Balaoan,  and  Santo  Tomas.  Chapel 
dedicated  at   Cava. 

^QQ-T T^^^y  ir,  \N'oman's    Day    offering   for    San    Fernando 

AT-Tr,ori-'i1  Vhiirch  Church,    Philippines.      Death   of    IMrs.    L. 

H^?risburg    Pa  $48,514  S7     H.    Derrickson,    October    24.      Africa.- 

rtarrisDurg,   ra.  ^  Settlement   in   full   of   the  $5,000  for   Al- 

bert Academy.  Rev.  E-  Kingman  ap- 
pointed by  the  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
ciety to  work  jointly  for  both  Boards 
for  a  time ;  consecrated  in  U.  B.  Assem- 
bly Room.  February  25;  sailed  March  5, 
"Ivernia."  Returned  to  America  on 
furlough  in  the  spring,  Mrs.  Delia  Todd, 
Miss  Minnie  Eaton,  and  Miss  Angle 
Akin.  Miss  Alice  N.  Dougherty  _  ap- 
pointed;    consecrated   at   Board   meeting; 


Chronological  Tables  135 


sailed  in  company  with  Rev.  R.  P. 
Dougherty,  returning  to  Africa.  June  I'u 
"Campania."  Miss  Mary  E.  Lambert 
consecrated  at  Anderson,  Indiana,  No- 
vember 24;  in  company  with  Mrs.  Todd, 
returning  to  Africa,  she  sailed  Novem- 
ber 28,  "Baltic" ;  was  married  to  Mr. 
IC.  M.  Hursh,  December  19.  Rev.  H. 
D.  Southard  and  Miss  Rilla  Akin  mar- 
ried in  Freetown,  January  2.  Land  pur- 
chased in  Freetown  for  headquarters  and 
residence  begun.  Dispensary  occupied. 
M  o  y  a  m  b  a  Home  completed  ;  cost, 
$4,574.40.  Work  opened  at  Yonnie 
Banna  and  Yoyema.  Deputation  visit  of 
Dr.  W.  R.  Funk  and  Mr.  J.  W.  Ruth. 
China. — Rev.  C.  E.  Spore  returned  to 
America  on  furlough.  Superintendency 
discontinued ;  secretary  and  treasurer  ap- 
pointed. Foundling  Home  opened  in 
rented  building.  Churches  organized  at 
Canton,  San  Tong,  Siu  Lam,  Kwai  Chau, 
and  Hang  Tan.  Visit  of  Bishop  Mills. 
A  mission  conference  organized.  Philip- 
pines.— Resigned  from  our  work,  Dr.  B. 
M.  Piatt.  June  12;  Rev.  A.  B.  DeRoos, 
October  19.  Sub-province  of  Amburayan 
added  to  our  territory.  Church  organ- 
ized  at    Bacnotan. 


in08 — May   26-29.  Woman's     Day     offering,     Chma     Buildmg 

Anderson,  Ind.  $45,708  52     Fund.      Death    of    Mrs.    L.     K.    Miller, 

October  23.  Africa.— Dr.  W.  R.  Funk 
held  the  annual  conference.  Albert 
Academy  dedicated  January  11.  First 
class  graduated  from  Albert  Academy, 
January  13.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  M.  Hursh 
and  Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  T.  Miller  re- 
turned to  America  in  the  spring.  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  H.  T.  -Miller  resigned.  Miss 
Minnie  Eaton  and  Dr.  Zenora  Griggs, 
returning  to  Africa,  sailed  March  19. 
Miss  Ella  Shanklin  appointed ;  conse- 
crated at  Board  meeting.  She,  in  com- 
pany with  Miss  Angie  Akin,  returning 
to  Africa,  sailed  June  20.  Rev.  and  Mrs. 
IT.  D.  Southard  returned  to  America  in 
the  fall.  Branch  dispensary  opened  at 
Taiama.  i\Iis^ion  headquarters.  Free- 
town, completed;  cost,  $7,800.  China. — 
Mrs.  E.  I.  Doty  returned  to  America  in 
the  spring;  Rev.  E.  I.  Dotv  and  Dr.  R. 
M.  Bigler  in  the  fall.  Rev.  and  Mrs. 
C.  E.  Spore,  returning  to  China,  sailed 
.\ugust  15.  ^lission  conference  organ- 
ized January  4  by  Bishop  Mills.  First 
class  graduated  from  the  Girls'  Boarding 
School.  Junior  and  Senior  Christian 
Endeavor  societies  organized  in  the 
Girls'  Boarding  School.  Philippines. — 
Mrs.  M.  W.  Mumma  returned  to  Amer- 
:-s  in  tii'j  tall.  Visit  of  Bishop  Mills. 
Mission  Conference  organized.  Juan 
Abellcra    ordained.       Lot    purchased    for 


136  The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 

,'  church  in  San  Fernando.     Printing-press 

sent  to  the  field.  Ilocano  hymnal  pub- 
lished. Churches  organized  at  Na- 
guilian  and  Alilem.  Work  begim  in 
Luna. 

1909 — May   11-13.  Woman's    Dav    offering    for    Seininary    in 

Akron,  Ohio.  $47,626  66     Cliina.       Mrs.     B.     F.    Witt    resigned    a.i 

General  Secretary;  Mrs.  Alva  Kauffman 
elected.  Mrs.  L.  O.  Miller  resigned  as 
recording  secretary ;  r>Irs.  H.  Z.  Mc- 
Fadden  elected.  Cooperation  with  the 
Foreign  Missionary  Society  and  the 
Home  Missionary  Society  agreed  upon. 
Africa. — Mr.  and  Mrs.  K.  M.  Hursh,  re- 
turning to  Africa,  sailed  January  0. 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King  and  Miss 
Mary  Stauffer  returned  to  America  in 
the  spring  on  furlough.  Returning  to 
Africa,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  J.  R.  King  sailed 
September  1."),  accompanied  by  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  J.  Hal  Smith  •  Miss  Mary  Stauffer 
and  Rev.  F.  A.  Risley,  December  18. 
Missionary  residence  at  Shenge  complet- 
ed— cost  .$2,500.  Rev.  R.  P.  Dougherty 
and  Miss  Alice  Dougherty  returned  on 
furlough  in  the  fall.  China. — Dr.  R.  M. 
Bigier,  returning  to  China,  sailed  August 
17.  Y.  W.  C.  A.  organized  in  Girls' 
Boarding  School.  Ground  purchased  for 
the  Foundling  Home  and  residence  of  the 
missionaries  in  charge.  The  Girls' 
Boarding  School  changed  to  the  Eliza- 
beth Kumler  Miller  Seminary.  Philip- 
pines.— Returned  to  America,  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  H.  W.  Widdoes  in  March  and 
Rev.  M.  W.  Mumma  in  June.  Church 
Erection  Society  organized.  Completion 
of  translation  of  Old  Testament. 

15)10 — May    11-1.1  Woman's   Day  offering  for  deaconess  work 

First  Church,  in    America    and    Rest    Homes    for    Porto 

Dayton,  Ohio.  $45,839  58  Rico  and  the  Philippines.  Miss  Ada  M. 
Slusser  elected  secretary  of  Young  Wo- 
men's Department.  Deaconess  work 
designated  as  the  special  home  object  to 
receive  the  support  of  the  Young  Wo- 
men's bands  in  addition  to  Seminary  in 
China.  Africa. — Rev.  E.  Kingman  re- 
turned to  the  field  February  8th.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Wimmer  and  Miss  Etta  Odle 
sailed  June  22.  Mrs.  Delia  Todd  reached 
home  on  furlough  in  the  spring.  Work 
opened  in  the  Kono  country  with  head- 
auarters  at  Jaiama.  Printing  press  in- 
stalled in  Academy.  "The  Sierra  Leone 
Outlook"  issued  monthly.  China. — Dr. 
and  ^Irs.  Oldt  moved  to  Siu  Lam  and 
opened  medical  work.  Chapel  at  Lak 
Lau  completed — cost  $900.  Rev.  and 
Mrs.  E.  B.  Ward  returned  home  on  fur- 
lough July  16.  Miss  Mabel  Drury  sailed 
September  27.       Japan. — Church  building 


Chronological  Tables  137 


at  Kyoto  completed  —  cost  $4,546.18. 
Porto  Rico. — Rev.  and  Mrs,  N.  H.  Huff- 
man, returning  to  the  field,  sailed  April 
V2.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  I.  E.  Caldwell  came 
to  America  on  furlough  in  the  spring  and 
returned  to  the  Island  August  27.  Phil- 
ippines.— Corner-stone  of  San  Fernando 
Church  laid  May  ol.  Returning  to  the 
field,  Rev.  and  Mrs.  M.  W.  Mumma 
sailed  January  I'D.  Rev.  and  Mrs.  H.  W. 
Widdoes,  June  2U.  Miss  Matilda  Weber 
also  sailed  June  20.  Two  dormitories  for 
high-school  students,  one  for  girls  and 
one  for  boys,  opened  in  June.  Home 
Missions. — Three  deaconesses  were  ap- 
pointed in  June — Miss  Lummie  Gibson 
to  Kansas  City  Mo.,  Miss  Bess  E.  Ross 
to  Omaha,  Neb. ;  and  Miss  Mellie  Per- 
kins to  Optima,  Okla. 


.38 


'he  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Missionary  Directory 


Sierra  Leone,  West  Africa. 


Service 
Name  '      Began 

D.  K.  Flickinger 1855.. 

D.  C.  Kumler 1855.. 

W.  J.  Shuey 1855.. 

W.  B.  Witt 1856.. 

J.  K.  Billheimer 1856.. 

C.  O.  Wilson I860.. 

Mrs.  J.  K.  Billheimer 1862.. 

O.  Hadley  .1866.. 

Mrs.  O.  Hadley 1866. . 

Joseph  Gomer   1870. . 

Mrs.  Joseph  Gomer 1870 . . 

J.  A.  Evans  1871.. 

Peter  Warner 1872 . . 

Mrs.  Peter  Warner 1872.. 

Joseph  Wolf  1875.. 

Lizzie  Bowman  (Mrs.  Joseph 

Wolf)    1876.. 

Emily  Beeken    1876.. 

D.  F.  Wilberforcc 1878.. 

Mrs.  D.  F.  Wilberforcc 1878.. 

Mrs.  Mary  M.   Mair 1879.. 

Mrs.  J.  A.  Evans 1880.. 

R.   N.   West 1882.. 


Mrs.  R.  N.  West 


1882. 


J.   M.   Lesher 1883.. 

Mrs.  J.  M.  Lesher 1883.. 

W.  S.  Sage 1883.. 


JMrs.  W.   S.   Sage 1883. 

Ellen  Groenendyke 1889 . 

Frances   Williams    1889. 

Jacob  Miller  1890. 


Place  of  Education. 
Germantown  Seminary. 

Ohio  Conference  Academy. 
Hartsville   College,   Cincinnati 

Medical  College. 
Mt.  Pleasant  Academ}-. 

Otterbein  University. 
Roanoke  Academy. 
Hartsville  College. 


Michigan  Collegiate  Institute. 


Otterbein  University. 


Oberlin  College. 

Lebanon  Normal,  Ann  Arbor 
Medical  College,  Bon^brak«  - 
I'-he  o  1  o  gi  c  ai  -S  em  m'Sfy. 

Smithville  Academy,  Bo^ne-brake 
Theological  Seminary. 

Lebanon  Valley  College. 

Lebanon  Valley  College. 

BonebraJce— Tfeeeiogical  Semin- 
inary. 

Smithville  Academy,  BondltaJ** 
Theological  Seminary. 

Hartsville  College. 

Otterbein  University,  Moody 
Bible  Institute, 
n e b r ak e _Xli&ol-G\gij:s^  Semi- 
nary. 


»>/w»^ 


!  (i.m-^ 


Missionary  Director 


139 


Service 
Name                                      Began  Place  of  Education. 

Mrs.  Jacob  Miller 1890. . .  .Bilebrake-The^^gical  Semi- 
nary. 
Elma   Bittle    1891 ....  Otterbein  Universit3^ 

Marietta  Hatfield    1891 Cincinnati  Woman's  Medical 

College. 

Ella   Schenck    1891 ....  Classical   Academy,   Eastern   In- 
diana Normal  School. 

Alice  Karris   1891 . .  .  .Amity  College,  Wheaton  |L 

College.  -  \AjT) 

L.  O.   Burtner 1892 Shenandoah  Institute,  Ben^^ 

brake  Thee-logieal  Seminary. 
^Appointed  to  P.  I..  1901.) 

Mrs.  L.  O.  Burtner 1892. ..  .Lebanon  Valley  College. 

I.  N.  Cain 1892....Leander  Clark  College. 

Mrs.  I.  N.  Cain 1892. .  .  .Leander  Clark  College. 

Lydia  Thomas   1892 

Q^--P.   O.   Bonebrake 1892. .  .  .Leander  Clark  College,  Bone-  t\ 

»  brake  Theological  Seminary. 

A.  T.  Howard 1894. .  . .  Otterbein  University,  Bon^-hraktr 

TheQlggiciil  Seminary. 
(Appointed  to  Japan,'  1898.) 

Airs.  A.  T.  Howard 1894 Otterbein  University. 

J.  R.  King 1894 Otterbein  University. 

Mrs.  J.  R.  King 1894 Otterbein  University. 

Florence  M.  Croniso 1894. .  .  .Private  tutors,  and  studied  three 

years  in  Europe. 

Minnie   E.    Eaton 1894. ..  .Otterbein  University. 

Mary  C.  Archer 1895 ....  Callanan  College,  Leander  Clark 

College,    King   Electric    Aledi- 
cal  College. 

F.  Minshall   1896 ....  Otterbein  University. 

Mrs.   F.   Minshall.. 1896 Otterbein  University. 

L.  A.  McGrew 1896. .  .  .Bonebrake  Theological  Semi- 
nary. 

Mrs.  L.  A.  McGrew 1896. .  .  .JBonebrake  Theolcigical  Semi- 
nary. 

A.  A.  Ward 1897. .  .  .Leander  Clark  College. 

1.   E.  Albert 1899. ..  .Lebanon  Valley  College. 

Mrs.  I.  E.  Albert 1899. ..  .Lebanon  Valley  College. 

E.  E.  Todd 1899.... Leander  Clark  College. 

Mrs.  E.  E.  Todd 1899. .  .  .Northfield  Seminary,  Moody 

Bible  Institute. 

E.  A.  King 1899..  ..Lane  University. 

Mrs.  E.  A.  Kirig 1899. .  .  .Lane  University. 

S.  J.  Barakat 1900. .  .  .Syrian  Protestant  College,  Balti- 
more College  of  Physicians 
and  Surgeons. 


140 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Service 
Name  Began 

Mrs.  S.  J.  Barak.'il 1900. . 

Zenora  Griggs   1900 . . 

W.  S.  Richards 1901 . . 

Mrs.  W.  S.  Richards 1901 . . 

Mary  E.  Murrel 1902. . 

Rilla  Akin  (Mrs.  H.  D.  South- 
ard     1902.. 

C.  W.  Snyder 1903.. 

Mrs.  C  W.  Snyder 1903 . . 

C  Judy 1903.. 

Mrs.  C.  Judy 1903.. 

W.  E.  Riebel 1903.. 

Mrs.  W.  E.  Riebel 1903.. 

R.  P.  Daugherty 1904.. 

^\.   Eliza  Akin 1904.. 

E.  M.  Hursh 1905.. 

H.  T.  Miller 1905.. 

Mrs.  H.  T.  Miller 1905.. 

M.  D.  Southard 1906.. 

Mary  E.  StauflFer 1906 . . 

E.  Kingman    1907 . . 

Alice  Dougherty  1907.  . 

Mary  E.  Lambert  (Mrs.  E.  M. 

Hursh)    1907.. 

J.  F.  Musselman 1908 . . 

Ella  Shanklin  1908.. 

J.  Hal  Smith 1909.. 

Mrs.  J.  Hal  Smith 1909.. 

F.  A.  Risley 1909.. 

\V.  N.  Wimmer 1910.. 

Mrs.  Eva  T.  Wimmer 1910.. 

Etta  Odle 1910.. 


Place  of  Education, 

.Los  Angeles  Medical  College. 
■  Lane  University. 
.Emporia  State  Normal  School. 
.Otterbein  University. 

.  Leander  Clark  College. 
.Otterbein  University. 
.Otterbein  UniversitA-. 
.Otterbein  University. 
.Otterbein  University. 
.Otterbein  University. 
.Otterbein  University. 
.Lebanon  Valley  College,   Bone-' 

brake  Theological    Seminary.    \ 
.Leander  Clark  College.  \ 

.Otterbein   University.  i/J), 

.Leander  Clark  College.  y^ 

.Leander  Clark  College.  ' 

.  Mt.  Hermon  School,  Bonebrake 

Theological  Seminary. 
Cedar  Rapids  Normal  School. 

Good  Samaritan  Hospital,  Be»e- 
brake  Theological   Seminary. 

Otterbein  University. 

Union  Missionary  Institute. 

Otterbein  University,  Moody 

Bible  Institute. 
.Bible  School,  Christian  Workers' 
Training  School. 

Houghton  Seminary. 

Otterbein  University,  Bonebrake 
Theological  Seminar}'. 

Lane  University.  Campbell^       .  .^ 
College.    /"-A-».  6^  iA./vwJ«/vw->*^  , 

Campbell  College. 

3onebrake  Theological  Semi- 
nary. 


China. 

.\ustia  Patterson  (Mrs.  H.  K. 

Shumaker)  1889.  . .  .  Leander  Clark  College. 

Lillian  Shaffner  1889 Lebanon  Vallev  College. 


Chronological  'I'ables  141 

Service 
Name  Began  Place  of  Education. 

S.  Lovina  Halverson   1891 ....  Leander  Clark  College,  Iowa 

State  Medical  College. 

Regina  M.  Bigler 1892 Iowa  State   Medical  College. 

E.  E.  Fix 1893..  ..Leander  Clark  College,  Bone- 
brake  Theological  Seminary. 

Mrs.  E.  E.  Fix 1893 ....  Leander  Clark  College,  Bone- 
brake  Theological  Seminary. 

H.  K.  Shumakcr 1897 ....  Heidelberg  College,  Starling 

Medical  College. 

E.  B.  Ward 1897 ....  Leander  Clark  College. 

Mrs.  E.  B.  Ward 1897 ....  Leander  Clark  College. 

Ruth  Thompson 1898. ..  .Woman's  Medical  College  of 

Pennsjdvania. 

O.   S.  Townsend 1902.  .  .  .Stanberv  Normal  College,  Rush 

Medical  College.  VA»' 

C.  E.  Spore 1902. ..  .General  Baptist  College,  B^anc:^^     / 

brake  Theological  Seminar3\ 

Mrs.  C.  E.  Spore 1902. .  . .  York_  College,  Bonebrake  Theo- 
logical Seminary. 

E.  T.  Doty 1903 ....  Leander  Clark  College. 

Mrs.  E.  I.  Doty 1903 ....  Leander  Clark  College. 

B.  F.  Bean 1905. .  . .  Leander^  Clark   College,   Otter- 

bein  L'niversity. 

Mrs.  B.  F.  Bean 1905. .  . .  Westfield  College,  University  of 

Michigan  Training  School  for 
Nurses. 

Frank  Oldt   1905 Otterbein  University,  Ohio 

Medical  University. 

Belle  Myers   1905  ....  Toledo  Normal  School. 

Ora  B.  Maxwell   (Mrs.  Frank 
Oldt)   1906 ....  Otterbein  University. 

Japan.  ^  *   ,*' 

\.  T.  Howard 1898 Otterbein  University,  Roaeb*«4r^ 

Theological  Seminary. 

Mrs.  A.  T.  Howard 1899. .  .  .Otterbein  Universitv. 

J.    E.    Knipp 1900.  ..  .Johns  Hopkins  University. 

Bonebrake  Theologicai   Semi- 
nary. 

Mrs.  J.   E'.   Knipp 1900 Baltimore  Kindergarten  Train-  *'-> 

ing  School. 

Joseph  Cosand 1901 Normal  School. 

Mrs.  Joseph  Cosand 1901 ....  Earlham  College. 

Monroe  Crecelius   1906 General  Baptist  College.  Bone- 
brake Theological  Seminarv. 


142 


The  Woman's  Missionary  Association 


Term  of 
Name.  Service.  Place  of  Education. 

B.  F.  Shively 1907 Otterbein  University,  &onehrak-e 

Theological  Seminary.  \ 

Mrs.  B.  F.  Shively 1907 Otterbein  University.  \1    P^' 


U\, 


Porto 

N.  H.  Hiififman 1899. 


Rico. 

. .  Lane  University,  Bonebrake..,^  \A  '  " 


Mrs.  N.  H.  Huffman 1899. 


E.  L.  Ortt 

Mrs.  E.  L.  Ortt 

N.    E.    Clymcr. 


1900. 
1900. 

i9oa. 


Thieeiogical  Seminary. 
Lane  University,  Bonebrake 
Tli^ological  Seminary. 


Mrs.  N.  E.  Clymer 1900. 

P.  W.  Drury 1901. 

Mrs.  P.  W.  Drury 1901. 

Elizabeth  Reed 1907. 

L  E.  Caldwell 1907. 

Mrs.  I.  E.  Caldwell 1907. 

C.  L  Mohler 1908. 

Mr.<^.  C.  L  Mohler 1908. 


Northwestern  University,  Balti- 
more College  of  Physicians 
and  Surgeons. 

Northwestern  University. 

Leander  Clark  College,  Bxmex 
brake  Theological  Seminary. 

Leander  Clark  College. 

Shippensburg  State  Normal 
School. 

York  College,  Bonebrake  Theo- 
logical Seminary. 

York  College,  Bonebrake  Theo- 
logical Seminary. 

York  College,  Bonebrake  Theo- 
logical Seminary. 

York  College,  Bonebrake  Theo- 
logical Seminary. 


E.  S.  Eby... 
S.  B.  Kurtz.. 
L.  O.  Burtner 


Philippine 

....1901.. 


1901 
1901 


Mrs.  L.  O.  Burtner 1901.. 

H.  W.  Widdoes 1903.. 

Mr.s.  H.  W.  Widdoes 1903 . . 

M.  W.  Mumma 1904.. 

Mrs.  M.  W.  Mumma 1904.. 

Z.  J.  Pace 1905.. 

Mr».  E.  J.  Pace 1905.. 


Islands. 

.Normal  School,  Bonebrake 
Theological  Seminary. 

.Avalon  College,  Bonebrake 
Theological  Seminary. 

.Shenandoah  Institute,  Bone- 
brake Theological  Seminary. 

.Lebanon  Valley  College. 

.Central  College,  Lane  Univer- 
sity. 

.Ohio  State  University. 
.Oberlin  College. 
.Otterbein  Uiversity. 
.Moody  Bible  Institute,  Otter- 
bein University. 


U 


^ 


Chronological  Tables 


143 


Term  of 
Name.                                       Service.  Place  of  EducatioM. 

B.    M.    Piatt 1906 Wheaton  College,  Chicago  Col- 
lege of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons. 

Mrs.  B.  M.  Piatt 1906. .  .  .Mt.  Holyoke  College. 

A.  B.  DeRoos 1906.... 

Mrs.  A.  B.  DeRoos 1906. . . . 

Mrs.  S.  B.  Kurtz 1906 ....  Normal  School. 


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